Piracy cases have been increasing globally since 2007. Recently, the waters of West Africa including the Gulf of Guinea, emerged as the most dangerous areas in the world. To prevent piracy damage to ships and crew, the Korean government amended the Piracy Damage Prevention Act on August 17, 2021 to newly define the risk area and the high-risk area for piracy. It also established the legal framework for restricting the entry of ships into such high-risk areas. This study aims to discuss and present a plan for establishing risk areas and high-risk areas for piracy to be noticed by the government in accordance with the amended Act. In this study, international piracy trends, international response measures and the status of international high-risk areas were investigated and analyzed, the matters to be considered to designate high-risk areas were identified. It is expected that the resulting information on high-risk areas for piracy can be utilized not only for the development of government policies on the prevention of piracy, but also as basic academic data.

2007년 이후 세계적으로 해적 사건이 증가하고 있으며, 최근에는 기니만 해역을 포함하여 서아프리카 해역이 세계에서 가장 위험한 해역으로 대두되고 있다. 한국 정부에서는 우리 선원과 선박의 해적피해를 예방하기 2021년 8월 17일 「해적피해예방법」을 개정하여 해적 고위험해역 및 위험해역을 새롭게 정의하고, 고위험해역에 선박의 진입제한 근거를 마련하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 개정 법률에 따라 정부에서 고시해야 할 해적 위험해역 및 고위험해역 설정 방안을 검토하여 제시하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 해적사고 동향, 국제적 고위험해역 설정 현황 및 해적퇴치에 관한 국제적 대응 현황을 조사 및 분석하여 고위험해역 등을 설정시 고려해야 할 사항을 도출하고 이를 바탕으로 위험해역과 고위험해역의 지리적 범위를 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과로 제시된 해적 고위험해역 등에 관한 자료는 해적피해 예방에 관한 정부의 정책 개발뿐만 아니라 학술적 기초자료도 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

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