한국형 청소년 정책참여모델에 관한 현장의 목소리들

김윤나 한국학교사회복지학회 2018 학교사회복지 Vol.0 No.44

The purpose of this study is to examine the theory of Korean youth participation model in the institutional youth political participation organization and present practical and policy tasks based on it. For this purpose, nine youth worker and four youth in-depth interviews with snow-balling were conducted for about four months from May 19 to September 23, 2017. Participatory organizations that have participated or participated in past activities through semi-structured interviews, experiences of growth, development, and evaluation of activities of participating organizations, activity period of youth participation organizations, Opinions, limitations on participating organizations, and ways to activate them. As a result of this study, it was found that the realistic participation model of Korean youth political participation organization is a model of participating in youth policy that combines the temporal form with the horizontal type non - stratification model rather than the vertical form. In addition, it is possible to share decision-making with youth-led and adult decision-making at the final stage of the youth policy participation model, but the final decision is made by the adult, and the young people do not want to engage in activities that exclude adults. And support and advocacy in the latter period. Attempts and suggestions were made to promote the activities of the Youth Special Committee, the Youth Participation Committee, and the Youth Management Committee. 본 연구는 제도적 청소년정책 참여기구 활동에서 한국형 청소년참여 모델의 이론을 실질적으로 검증하고 이에 기반한 실천적, 정책적 과제를 제시하고자 실시된 연구이다. 이를 위해 눈덩이표집(snow-balling)을 통한 심층면접(in-depth)으로 2017년 5월 19일 ~ 9월 23일 약 4개월에 걸쳐 실무자 9명과 청소년 4명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 반구조화된 면접지를 통해 자신이 현재 참여하고 있거나 과거 참여한 경험이 있는 참여기구, 참여기구 활동에 대한 자타공인의 성장, 발전, 평가 경험, 지금까지 청소년참여기구의 활동 기간, 개인 경험에 따른 참여모형에 관한 의견, 참여기구에 대한 한계점, 활성화 방안 등에 대해 알아보았다. 연구결과, 한국형 청소년정책참여기구의 참여수준 모델로는 수직적 형태보다 수평적 형태의 비계층화 모델로 시기적인 형태를 결합시킨 모형이 현재 실질적으로 이루어지는 청소년정책참여 모델임을 발견할 수 있었다. 또한 청소년정책참여 모델의 마지막 단계에서 청소년주도 및 성인과 의사결정을 공유할 수 있으나 최종 결정권은 성인에게 있으며 성인을 배제한 참여활동을 청소년들은 원하지 않고 초기에는 정보제공과 어느 정도의 leading, 중기에는 격려와 지지, 후기에는 지원과 옹호의 과정을 원하고 있음도 알 수 있었다. 청소년특별회의, 청소년참여위원회, 청소년운영위원회 각각의 참여기구별 속성과 청소년정책참여활동을 활성화시키기 위한 방안 등이 모색되었다.

청년 연구 동향 분석 -주제범위 문헌고찰-

배정희,변금선,유민상 한국사회복지정책학회 2023 사회복지정책 Vol.50 No.2

This study aims to examine the trends of youth studies conducted in Korea from 1990 to 2022 and the aspects of youth research in the field of social welfare. The scoping review technique by Arksey & O’Malley (2005) was utilized for literature review. Based on the five stages of the scoping review, 1,371 articles were used for analysis. The results show that studies related to youth employment have been the majority for a long time since the 2000s. About 11% of all youth studies were published in academic journals in the field of social welfare, and these studies mainly focused on vulnerable youth and welfare policies for youths. The results show that while youth research is expanding quantitatively, there is still a knowledge gap in the academic field. For example, while social welfare policies and practical services targeting youth are increasing, current youth research is lacking in the analysis of legal systems targeting youth and research on evidence-based theories and practices. The lack of knowledge related to social welfare policies and services for youth can compromise the development of youth policies. Based on these results, the need for discussion on youth studies and youth welfare was suggested.

청년의 정부 청년정책 신뢰수준 영향변인 분석: 사회·인구학적 특성, 청년의 청년정책에 대한 인식, 청년정책 기대수준, 청년취업 공정수준과의 관계를 중심으로

구철회 한국청소년학회 2022 청소년학연구 Vol.29 No.7

본 연구의 목적은 청년의 정부 청년정책 신뢰에 관련된 인구·사회학적 변인들을 파악하고, 청년의 청년정책에 대한 인식, 청년정책 기대수준, 청년취업 공정수준이 정부 청년정책 신뢰에 미치는 영향력을 분석함으로써 적실성 있는 청년정책 방향을 제시하는 것이다. 우선 연구대상자들의 사회·인구학적 특성을 분석하고, 사용 척도의 신뢰도를 담보하기 위하여 Cronbach α계수를 파악하였다. 나이, 경제적 수준, 청년정책에 대한 인식, 청년정책 기대수준, 청년취업 공정수준, 정부 청년정책 신뢰에 대한 남녀 간 차이를 살펴보기 위하여 t-test를 실시하였다. 그리고 선택한 변인들이 정부 청년정책 신뢰에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과를 살펴보면, 첫째, 청년들의 경제적 수준, 청년정책 기대수준, 정부 청년정책에 대한 신뢰 인식 정도에서 남녀 간 차이가 유의미하게 나타났다. 둘째, 청년정책에 대한 인식 수준이 정부 청년정책 신뢰에 유의한 영향력을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 청년취업 공정수준 인식이 정부 청년정책 신뢰에 추가적인 영향력과 조절력을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. This paper aims to suggest the direction of government youth policies by identifying socio-demographic variables related to young people's trust in government youth policies, and analysing the influence of young people's perceptions of youth policies, youth policy expectations, and youth employment fairness levels on government youth policy trust. Looking at the results of the study, first, there were differences between men and women in the economic level of young people, the expectation level of youth policy, and the level of trust in the government's youth policy. Second, it was found that the level of awareness of youth policy had a significant influence on the government's trust in youth policy. Third, it was found that the perception of the fair level of youth employment has additional influence and control power on the trust in the youth policy in the government. Based on the results of this study, implications for the government to consider in establishing youth policies were presented, and the limitations of the study and follow-up studies were discussed.

청소년육성 재원 및 육성기금ㆍ재정운용 현황과 발전방향

이연희,박진규 한국청소년학회 2010 청소년학연구 Vol.17 No.1

A new youth charter has been proclaimed and 'the youth must be recognized as a hope of the future and at the same time the owner of today's live, therefore youth policy must be a policy for youth. Futhermore, youth policy has been realigned as one of the national public polices, so that the youth could enjoy welfare supports through protecting their rights and establishing service systems. Since the establishment of the Korean government in August of 1948, the youth policy has gone through many changes. By transferring each youth duties and policies to a single jurisdiction and government agency, paved the in '2007' formation of a single department called 'National Youth Commission', and also, through the sector ministries going under the Prime Minister's affiliated organization, various youth policies have been made available through the various ministries and offices. Also, as agencies promotes youth policies, they recognized as community member's independent person, and have been guaranteeing the various youth desires and rights and raised the participation rate of institutional and voluntary events. We are in a time when youths, the future of our country, need more public awareness. In a fast changing era and in our present situation, the youths are going through excessive competition for entrance exams, severe stress and the standardization of everyday life, and they are in need of support from adult organization. Most of all, in a time when youths need the help from adult policies, we must be able to help the youth, who need support through fulfillment of sociality and provision of learning centers and jobs, by protecting each one of them to adapt and be self reliant. They are in need of diversified effort and understanding for them to live a healthy life, and as heroes of the society with a healthy and bright future. By establishing healthy development support system and strengthening the policy basis that reflects the changing times and various social needs, there's no question that youths should be provided an independent policy framework focus on them. We must give our support so that in the future the youth would enjoy a sound and superior effects of the policies. 이 연구는 1948년 8월 우리나라 정부가 수립된 이후 최근까지 청소년육성지원 체제의 주요 과정을 추적하고, 아울러 청소년육성기금의 조성방법과 그 현황에 대한 분석 필요성 때문에 시도되었다. 따라서 이 연구의 목적은 우리나라 청소년육성정책 중 청소년육성기금 및 재원과 관련한 청소년정책의 변천과정을 분석해 보고 아울러 청소년육성기금과 재정의 실태, 그리고 문제점을 파악해 보려는 데 두었다. 연구의 구체적 목적으로는 1)청소년육성재원에 관련된 이론적 배경은 무엇이며 이와 관련한 청소년육성정책은 어떻게 변천되어 왔는가, 2)연도별 청소년육성기금의 실태는 어떠하며 육성재원은 어떻게 운용되어 왔는가, 3)기금의 운용현황과 육성재원의 세부구성을 볼 때, 그 문제점과 관련한 대책은 무엇인가? 하는 것 등을 들 수 있다. 이 연구는 문헌조사 분석 방법에 따라 진행되었으며, 최근에 자료를 망라하여 조사하였다. 연구의 결과로는 첫째, 1987년 청소년육성법에 의해 청소년육성기금이 처음 만들어지기 시작하여 당시에는 청소년육성 자체보다는 청소년에 대한 선도 및 보호위주의 정책과 사업이 펼쳐졌고 둘째, 청소년육성기금은 도약기(1989년 ~ 1994년 전후), 실용기(1995년 전후~1998년), 활성기(1999년~2003년), 잠식기(2004년 ~2008년) 등으로 특징지어 운용되어 왔음을 제시할 수 있다. 셋째, 현재는 안정적인 청소년육성기금을 확보하기 위한 새로운 청소년정책과 대안이 절실히 요구되는 시기라 할 수 있다.

청소년정책에 관한 국제 비교 연구 - 한국, 미국, 일본을 중심으로 -

강영배,진영선 미래를 여는 청소년학회 2008 미래청소년학회지 Vol.5 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to study the youth policy between Korea, the United States and Japan on the comparative perspective. Especially, We analyse the youth policy of three countries on the law relating the youth policy, the adminstration system for youth policy, policy contents. Through the work, We want to get some implications to youth policy of Korea. Firstly, the implication from the youth policy of United States is that it is need the integrating administration system for youth should be constructed and the programs providing for youth should be evaluated. Secondly, Local self-governing group is should be reinforced and youth programs centered on the local community should be executed. Thirdly, the substantial aim of the youth programs helps their development, it is needed the development of youth program through the analysis of youth programs on the foreign countries for this aim. and then we can also get some implications from Japan youth policy. Firstly, youth policy should not be separated from child policy and aged policy, but should be integrated following their developmental stage. Secondly, the aim of youth policy should be coordinated as the change of an environment and an age. In other words, the youth is the subject of youth policy and the aim and contents of youth policy should be orientated from youth. Lastly, first of all the integrity, efficiency and continuity of organizations and administration relating youth affairs should be considered on the youth policy

국외 청소년의회 사례를 통한 청소년참여 활성화 연구

조남억,장여옥 미래를 여는 청소년학회 2018 미래청소년학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Youth councils are intended to empower youth to participate and are different from existing youth participation organizations. However, there is a lack of sufficient data on how and in what way the youth councils should operate. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the implications for youth participation in youth councils through the case analysis of overseas youth councils. The institutionalization and initiative of the core elements of the youth council were analyzed and proposed. Youth participates in the youth council activities by participating in the agenda proposal and experiences the level of participating in suggesting the agenda by collecting information or ideas in the field of interest. In addition, the decision-making process of the agenda, which directly participates in the decision-making process, leads to important decision-making. Based on these results, suggestions for Korean youth councils should be given. First, the role and authority of the youth council should be given in order to promote voluntary participation of youth. Second, it is necessary to provide administrative and policy support for youth to propose youth related policies for the community. Third, in determining youth policy, all youth should be given the opportunity to make decisions without discrimination. Fourth, systematic education is needed for youth councilors to fulfill their responsibilities as youth representatives. Fifth, it is necessary to construct a web-site for information sharing and activation of youth council activities. Sixth, it is necessary to create an atmosphere in which youth are actively involved in community issues and policies.

Same Despair but Different Hope

Yunjeong Joo 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 2018 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.47 No.3

This study attempts a comparative analysis of the social movements of young people in East Asia. Since the 2000s, young people in East Asia have been coined as the “Three Giveup Generation” (South Korea), “Bomb Generation” (Taiwan), and “Loss Generation” (Japan), suggesting that they are in despair and lacking visions and hope for their future. However, the youths have been expressing their opinions on multiple issues in the form of organized action, such as the Anti-Constitutional Movement (Japan), the Sunflower Movement against China in the case of Taiwan, and the candlelight demonstrations and feminist protests in Korea. Though they share similar problems of youth unemployment, job insecurity, social inequality, their activism directed towards diverse issues and agendas reflecting each society’s contexts and situations. Therefore, such differences created multifaceted issues and agendas for future visions of youths. In this paper, I examined the similarities and differences of youth activism in East Asia and how they are related to the youth situation and politics in each country concerning frames and repertoires of movements. Also, based on research, I argue that young people developed their way of political engagement and contentious politics reflecting their context and conditions; therefore it is necessary to debunk ‘youth deficit model,’ which regards youth as mere victims of the society. Despite visible differences in issues and frames of contentions, East Asian youth politics share many commonalities regarding repertories such as frequent use of digital media and connections to youth cultures. First of all, the prevalent use of SNS made youth activists able to organize the boundary of campus activism reaching wider public. Secondly, the exposure to SNS and online media decreased the repressive violence towards demonstrators and created peaceful demonstrations. Therefore, diverse groups could participate in activisms and contentions. However, there are differences of critical issues in three countries’ contentions reflecting youth’s situations. Overall, the similarities and differences among the youth activism in East Asian countries revealed that, despite the shared problems of East Asia’s youths, they conjure visions and hopes for society in multifaceted ways.

코로나19 상황에서 청소년지도자의 경험과 요구되는 역량

전영욱 ( Jeon Young Uk ),손규태 ( Sohn Kyu Tae ),이미나 ( Lee Mi Na ),이지은 ( Lee Ji Eun ),정은정 ( Jeong Eun Jung ),조유담 ( Cho Yoo Dam ),최선미 ( Choi Sun Mi ) 한국청소년활동학회 2021 한국청소년활동연구 Vol.7 No.1

Background: Under COVID-19, youth institutions and facilities were required to prevent infections and preemptive responses to youth. Among youth workers, the perception that youth activities should be changed as existing face-to-face activities and participation is limited, and various countermeasures have been sought according to the conditions of youth institutions. Organizational changes caused by environmental changes affect the thinking and behavior of members of the organization. To effectively adapt to environmental changes and respond to challenges, efforts to identify and develop not only the experience of the members of the organization but also their competencies are required. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences and required competencies of youth workers under COVID-19. Methodology/Approach: Eight youth workers who experienced the COVID-19 situation were selected as participants in the study. Data collection was conducted through interviews from November 26 to December 11, 2020. Findings/Conclusions: First, it was found that the difficulties caused by COVID-19 stem from the demand for youth workers to develop and operate unfamiliar non-face-to-face activities. Second, it was found that as youth activities proceeded non-face-to-face, access to programs could increase and an environment in which students can concentrate on programs could be created. Third, to effectively deliver youth activity programs in an online environment, youth workers need to cultivate the ability to develop non-face-to-face youth instructional content. Fourth, it was found that effective guidelines and policy support to implement youth activities newly required after COVID-19 are needed. Implications: It was necessary to develop and implement a re-education program for youth workers, add a non-face-to-face activity area to the subject for youth instructor qualification examination, manage changes in youth institutions, and conduct research to comprehensively understand the youth field. Also, a study on the digital competencies of youth leaders and a method to improve the effectiveness of youth programs in non-face-to-face environments were needed.

청소년 실태조사를 통한 청소년활동의 방향성 모색 - 경기도 청소년을 중심으로

권일남 ( Kwon Il Nam ),전명순 ( Jeon Myong Sun ),서재범 ( Seo Jae Bum ) 한국청소년활동학회 2021 한국청소년활동연구 Vol.7 No.1

Background & Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find the direction of youth activities based on a survey on youth activities in Gyeonggi Province. Methodology/Approach: To this end, a survey was conducted on 2153 adolescents about the degree and level of their participation in activities. Findings/Conclusions: The results are as follow. First, there was a difference according to age in the level of youth participation in youth activities, and the channels to know youth facilities were through friends and seniors and juniors, and youth club activities, volunteer activities, and general activities were highly engaged. Second, the regrets of youth facilities were lack of diversity in programs, lack of programs that can represent the region, and lack of publicity. Third, it was found that participation in youth activities was recognized as meaningful and important. Fourth, the activities that the region wanted to provide were highly demanding for activities that enhance psychological self-esteem, activities that enjoy comfortable rest and leisure, and volunteer activities for the socially disadvantaged. Fifth, satisfaction expectations for the activity areas provided by youth facilities were different according to gender, age, and region. Sixth, as facilities that were desired to be built in the region, the need for career experience-oriented facilities and sports specialized facilities was most demanded. Seventh, it was possible to perform various activities non-face-to-face, but showed difficulties in how to handle necessary equipment and develop non-face-to-face activities. In addition, youths in northern Gyeonggi and southern Gyeonggi showed differences in the facilities they wanted to be built in the region. Implications: As a result of this, Gyeonggi-do youth's participation in activities and direction of youth activities were suggested.

미국 뉴욕주의 유스 코트(Youth Court) 현황과 시사점

조성자 국회입법조사처 2016 입법과 정책 Vol.8 No.1

Yongin Cat Mom murder case stirred a controversy that the age of criminal responsibility for youth criminal be lowered for punishment under the criminal justice system. In the Youth Court in the United States, a youth who has committed less serious crimes is judged by his peers, and while being questioned by his peers, the youth has an opportunity to acknowledge and reflect his own behaviors. Through this experience, the youth can learn the criminal justice system, which has effectively lowered the recidivism rate of the youth. In Korea, the Department of Justice has studied the American youth court system since 2006, and so many secondary schools adopted it for minor school regulations. However, this is not a part of the criminal justice system, like in the United States, and thus the effect is also limited. Since 2010, a couple of family courts including Seoul Family Court have adopted a similar system for minor first-time offenders, and a follow-up study proved its effectiveness. The American-style youth court can give an opportunity for the immature youth criminal to reflect his behavior and learn the justice system. Therefore, I present the New York State Youth Court system as an alternative method for youth crime of South Korea. 용인캣맘사건으로 비행청소년들의 사법처리 연령을 하향 조정하는 형법 개정이 있어야 한다는 주장이 제기되고 있다. 청소년 문제의 해결책으로 성공적으로 운영되고 있는 미국의 유스 코트는 비행청소년들을 동기들이 판단하고, 동기들에 의한 판단을 받으며, 대상 청소년이 자신을 돌아보고 반성하고 사법 체계를 접하는 장이 되면서 소년범들의 재범률이 크게 낮아지는 효과가 나타나고 있다. 미국 유스 코트에 대한 연구는 2006년부터 법무부 주관으로 진행되어 학교 현장에서 가벼운 학칙 위반을 다루는 학생자치법정으로 도입되어 긍정적인 평가 속에 전국 초・중・고등학교로 확대되고 있다. 그러나 이는 사법체계로 미국 형법 시스템 속에 들어가 있는 유스 코트와 다르고, 효과 또한 제한적이다. 관련 입법이 없이 2010년부터 서울 가정법원을 비롯한 몇몇 가정법원은 한국형 유스 코트 청소년참여법정을 초범 소년범들을 대상으로 운용한 바, 긍정적이라는 연구결과도 있다. 판단력이 미숙한 비행 청소년들에게 용서하고, 깨우치고 배울 수 있는 기회를 준다는 점에서 한국 청소년 범죄 해결에 의미 있는 해결책이 될 수 있는 미국 유스 코트 제도의 도입을 제안하며, 미국 뉴욕주의 유스 코트 현황과 운용 사례를 소개한다.