체육학에서 실용주의 연구의 동향

하태호,안용규 한국체육철학회 2010 움직임의철학 : 한국체육철학회지 Vol.18 No.4

The purpose of this study was to summarize and organize thirty-four pieces of research on pragmatism in domestic Kinesiology, which were published from 1983 to 2010. Two articles on pragmatism in Kinesiology were published in the 1980s, five in the 1990s, and six in the 2000s. According to the subject, these were classified as 'pragmatism and physical education', 'pragmatism and sports', 'pragmatism and dance', 'pragmatism and philosophy of physical education', and 'pragmatism and thought of physical education'. One article on scholars who studied pragmatism in Kinesiology was published in the 1980s, six in the 1990s, and fourteen in the 2000s. According to the subject, these were classified as 'John Dewey and physical education', 'John Dewey and dance', 'John Dewey and sports', 'John Dewey and thought of physical education', 'John Dewey and philosophy of physical education', as well as 'Peirce and dance'. So far, the focus is on the Kinesiology in the research related to pragmatism. After that, dance, sports, and 'thought of physical education'. It is considered that this phenomena is mostly influenced by John Dewey who was a scholar of pragmatism. However, it is shame that new research cannot be studied. Pragmatism is just one of the mainstream concept. This thought of philosophy would be the basis of another thought of philosophy and it is considered that it should be. Therefore, it is necessary to attempt the study on pragmatism in Kinesiology in terms of reflective perspective on existing research. Furthermore, various research on Kinesiology should be published on the basis of pragmatism. 이 연구는 1983년부터 2010년까지 국내 체육학에서 실용주의 관련 연구물 32편을 조사하여 년도별, 주제별로 요약 정리한 것이다. 체육학에서 실용주의 관련 연구는 1980년대 3편, 1990년대 3편, 2000년대 5편의 연구가 있었다. 주제별로는 첫째, 실용주의와 체육교육. 둘째, 실용주의와 스포츠. 셋째, 실용주의와 무용. 넷째, 실용주의와 체육철학. 다섯째, 실용주의와 체육사상으로 파악할 수 있었다. 체육학에서 실용주의 학자 관련 연구물은 1980년대 1편, 1990년대 6편, 2000년대 14편의 연구가 있었다. 주제별로는 첫째, 존 듀이와 체육교육. 둘째, 존 듀이와 무용. 셋째, 존 듀이와 스포츠. 넷째, 존 듀이와 체육사상. 다섯째, 존 듀이와 체육철학. 여섯째, 퍼스와 무용으로 분류할 수 있었다. 지금까지의 체육학에서 실용주의 관련 연구물들은 체육교육에 편중되어 있음을 알 수 있었고, 그 뒤로 무용과 스포츠 그리고 체육사상인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 현상은 실용주의 학자인 존 듀이의 영향이 큰 것으로 사료되지만 다양한 연구물들이 제시되지 못하는 것은 아쉬운 일이다. 실용주의가 체육학에서 더 가치를 발현하기 위해서는 체육학자들의 고정된 관심사에서 벗어나 개방성으로서 다가가는 자세가 필요하며, 스포츠에서 얻어지는 결과론적 유용성을 보다 면밀하게 따져보아야 할 것이다. 이는 실용주의로 해석하는 체육을 광범위한 의미로 접근할 수 있으며 스포츠의 발전에 긍정적으로 작용될 것이다.

American Pragmatism: A Case of Paul Kalanithi’s When Breath Becomes Air

임정명 미래영어영문학회 2025 영어영문학 Vol.30 No.4

During the last quarter of the nineteenth century in post-Civil War America, pragmatism presents a typical American spirit of adaptability into the world of uncertainty. As a growing alternative to both optimism and pessimism, pragmatism advocates people’s adaptability to exist and thrive in a changing aleatory world, rather than their mastery of unchanging universal principles. After William James proposed pragmatism as a philosophical response to the inevitable uncertainty and contingency of life, pragmatism has not entirely disappeared from various synthetic writings about people’s experience. More than a hundred years later than the publication of James’s Pragmatism in 1907, a memoir of a 35-year-old American neurosurgeon with a glittering future is published posthumously. A New York Times best seller, Paul Kalanithi’s When Breath Becomes Air is a wrenching delineation of a patient who lives with terminal illness and an uncertain prognosis. In When Breath Becomes Air, Kalanithi delineates his own pragmatic adaptability in a lived experience. As a surgeon, patient and writer, he abides by the will to turn toward pragmatic values. Pragmatic temperament is basically pluralistic, which leads pragmatists to hold experiences to reconcile, seek after cash-valued experience, and sustain melioristic life attitude. Specifically, American pragmatism is unique on account of its reconciliatory impetus, will to Jamesian cash-value, and meliorism among other pragmatic methods. The pragmatic value of Kalanithi’s memoir is also verified by the truth values that his pragmatic adaptability eventually brings in. This paper examines pragmatism as a typical American spirit and mainly concentrates on reading Kalanithi’s When Breath Becomes Air in light of the principles of pragmatism.

역사적 관점에서 본 미국의 프래그머티즘

박기태 한국세계문화사학회 2009 세계 역사와 문화 연구 Vol.0 No.21

After the Civil War, the American Way of Life was changed into materialism or mammonism with the economic development. In the rapid growth of American economy, an economic contradiction came out. From this fact, in order to pass over the issue, Americans needed to have a type of philosophy. At this time, the ideas of Americans estimated human's value via money itself. Thus, they were willing to express the positiveness for money and thought that success was to earn money. In the mid-1880s, Pragmatism including the proposition that "The idea or truth of an action is dependent on the results" was showcased. Then, pragmatism was known to not only philosophers but also the public people. However, Pragmatism it self was widely used in America from the late 1930s to the 1940s. In the 1930s, America that was struggling to overcome the Economic panic happened at the late 1929 was the New Deal age. This New deal policy was just pragmatic. At this degree, Pragmatism penetrated into the American Way of Life as a policy rather than a philosophy. So, we must acknowledge the close relations between Pragmatism and the American Way of Life which are different from those of France and England. However, in the case that we extremely remark the relations, there can be a danger to consider Pragmatism as a conventional thing in the American Way of Life. Thusby, this article proposes and expresses how Pragmatism is related to the American Way of Life historically with respect to the American character, way of life and commercial materialism, etc. thinking and regarding the above fact respectively.

로티의 퍼트남의 실용주의적 전회

송광일 범한철학회 2008 汎韓哲學 Vol.48 No.1

The main purpose of this paper is to show the viability of Dewey's pragmatism by comparing it with Rorty's “pragmatism without methodology" and Putnam's “pragmatic enlightenment". Rorty and Putnam both have recourse to Dewey's pragmatism in criticizing the basic assumptions of traditional philosophy, especially of modern epistemology. In this sense, they both take part in “the pragmatic turn," which is seen as a viable alternative to the dilemmas of “the Linguistic Turn" in the early 20th century. Nevertheless, intentionally or not, both of Rorty's and Putnam's versions of pragmatism betray Dewey's conception of pragmatism, and thus giving rise to serious problems which Dewey would not have. Rorty ignores the importance of the empirical method, while Putnam ignores the principle of continuity, both of which serve as the very foundations of Dewey's pragmatism. Their moves do not just lead themselves away form Dewey's pragmatism, but undermine the viability of it. By drawing on the evidence from recent empirical researches, especially from cognitive science, I will suggest that returning to Dewey will give us better ground for the open-ended philosophical discourses in the post-analytic age. 본 논문의 목적은 로티의 ‘방법론 없는 실용주의’와 퍼트남의 ‘실용주의적 계몽’을 검토함으로써 듀이 철학의 현재성을 드러내는 데 있다. 로티와 퍼트남은 전통 철학, 특히 근세 인식론의 기본적인 가정을 비판한다는 점에서 듀이의 실용주의와 철학적 시각을 공유한다. 이러한 의미에서 로티와 퍼트남은 20세기 초 ‘언어적 전회’의 딜레마를 극복하기 위한 현실적 대안으로 ‘실용주의적 전회’에 가담하고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 로티와 퍼트남의 실용주의는 의도적이든 아니든 듀이의 실용주의의 주도적 개념을 거부함으로써 듀이에게서는 발생하지 않는 심각한 문제를 불러온다. 로티는 ‘경험적 방법’의 중요성을 무시하는 반면, 퍼트남은 ‘연속성의 원리’를 간과하고 있는데, 경험적 방법과 연속성의 원리는 듀이의 실용주의의 핵심적 기제로 작동한다. 로티와 퍼트남의 실용주의는 듀이의 실용주의에서 멀어지도록 할 뿐만 아니라 듀이 철학의 현재성을 간과하고 있다. 필자는 최근의 경험적 탐구, 특히 ‘인지과학’의 연구 성과들을 제시함으로써 듀이로의 회귀가 탈분석시대에 우리에게 열린 철학적 담론을 위한 더 나은 지평을 제공해준다고 제안할 것이다.

사회적 실재론의 프래그머티즘 비판에 대한 재고찰: 듀이의 지식론을 중심으로

이경진 한국교육과정학회 2025 교육과정연구 Vol.43 No.3

This study reexamines the critical interpretation that ‘powerful knowledge theory’ and social realism- currently influential in curriculum studies- are framed as critiques of pragmatism. Social realism criticizes pragmatism in three ways: ‘anarchistic relativism’, ‘lack of explanation for knowledge growth’, and ‘neglect of social responsibility’, defining it as a problematic theory that must be overcome. However, these criticisms rest on a superficial understanding of pragmatism: closer analysis reveals that pragmatism in fact contains rich educational value overlooks by its critics. To discuss the educational value of pragmatism, this study analyzes the epistemological characteristics of pragmatism in Chaper2, pragmatic view of knowledge in Chapter 3, and the socially melioristic of pragmatism in Chapter 4. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that pragmatism is not mere relativism but a third philosophical alternative that transcends both absolutism and relativism, and remains a valid philosophical resource for 21st-century curriculum theory and practice.

The Understanding of Pragmatism in Christian Education

Mila Park 한국기독교교육정보학회 2006 Journal of Christian education information tech Vol.0 No.10

The most influential pragmatist was John Dewey, who developed and changed educational theories. In his educational reformation, he focused on child-centered classroom activity. He believed that individualized, flexible objectives derived from each student's existing conditions or activities should guide classroom activities and that motivation to learn should be rooted in each student's interest. Also, Dewey allowed students freedom of thought and encouraged them to be "open-minded". In religious education, John Dewey was strongly opposed to anything that would help develop Christian faith in children. He believed that men without faith in God through the mercy of Jesus do more easily persuade themselves to do anything if in the end serves their own desires. Pragmatism is based on John Dewey's philosophy. Therefore, pragmatism emphasized purposeful action, in theory and practice. This researcher thinks that pragmatism is rich in subtle and fruitful philosophical ideas, unified by its theme of mediation between science and philosophy, theory and practice. Also, pragmatism's educational implication was epoch-making ideas. This researcher strongly agrees with pragmatic educational ideas as child-centered education, methodology, teacher's role as project director, and curriculum. However, this researcher thinks that Christians must be aware that John Dewey's theory was based on pragmatism as influenced by Darwin's evolution and multi-values.

실용주의(pragmatism)와 교육, 교육과정

김두정 ( Doojung Kim ) 한국교육과정학회 2017 교육과정연구 Vol.35 No.3

This study aimed to emphasize educational and curricular innovation in Korea`s context in the direction of implementation, life, and activities instead of planning, knowledge, and educational goals respectively in view of pragmatism. According to pragmatism, the meaning of abstract ideas is determined by their practical results, that is behaviors. It also asserts that education should aim to preserve human lives; education is continuous reconstruction of experiences, which aims at enhancement of quality of experiences for better lives. Learning activities should be valued in themselves, not a means of educational goals, according to pragmatism. Educational goals are temporary assumptions which must be tested through units of experience consisting of educational activities. This study have explored main points of pragmatism and drawn messages of it to education and school curriculum. It also has analyzed a few specific cases of education and curriculum such as “free semesters”, “the national curriculum revised in 2015”, and “leveled curriculum” in Korea`s context. The study finally suggested some tasks for improvement of education and curriculum in Korea in terms of pragmatism.

환경실용주의와 도시환경윤리: Andrew Light의 논의를 중심으로

김일방 대한철학회 2024 哲學硏究 Vol.169 No.-

이 글은 환경실용주의의 선구자 중의 한 명인 라이트의 논의를 중심으로 ‘환경실용주의와 도시환경윤리’에 관해 살펴보는 데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 환경실용주의가 대두하게 된 배경과 함께 환경실용주의에 대한 라이트의 기본적 입장을 밝힌다. 라이트에 따르면 환경실용주의의 주요과제는 사회구성원들의 태도와 행동, 정책적 선호도를 장기적인 환경의 지속가능성을 지지하는 방향으로 바꿔나갈 수 있도록 동기를 부여하는 일이다. 라이트는 그 동기를 부여하기 위한 방안으로 도시환경윤리를 전개한다. 필자는 라이트의 도시환경윤리의 특징을 세 가지 핵심 개념, 곧 도시, 자발적 참여, 공화주의를 중심으로 정리하면서 그 실체를 드러내고자 했다. 이어서 필자는 라이트의 환경실용주의와 도시환경윤리에 관한 논의에서 얻을 수 있는 교훈을 결론으로 도출함과 함께 그 과제를 제시하였다. Andrew Light is one of the pioneers of environmental pragmatism. This article aims to examine the topic of environmental pragmatism and urban environmental ethics by focusing on the Light’s arguments. To do so, I will examine the background to the rise of environmental pragmatism, as well as Light's basic position on environmental pragmatism. According to Andrew Light, the main challenge of environmental pragmatism is to motivate members of society to change their attitudes, behaviors, and policy preferences in ways that support long-term environmental sustainability. Light develops a discussion of urban environmental ethics as a way to do just that. In this article, I have attempted to characterize Light's urban environmental ethics by interpreting it in terms of three key concepts: the city, voluntary participation, and republicanism. I conclude with lessons that can be drawn from Light's discussion of environmental pragmatism and urban environmental ethics.

실용주의 관점에서 실용무용의 의미 고찰

이우재 한국무용교육학회 2024 한국무용교육학회지 Vol.35 No.3

The study is to understand practical dance from pragmatism point to illumi-nate the philosophical significance of pragmatism permeated in it. The significant implication of pragmatism depends on whether things are useful in real life. Prac- tical dance has practical usefulness for mental and physical health improvement through actual experiences. Pragmatism and practical dance are different in termi- nology but equivalently significant in practical usefulness for human life. Practical dance has transformed itself responding to social needs of people trying to follow the current tide of media extension and moved toward the space where it could be easily accepted, communicated and directly experienced. The study noted the direct experience of practical dance could satisfy social needs and fertilize human life physically and mentally, which means practical dance has practical usefulness. Practical dance is practical arts useful for human life. Life and arts are combined in it and its significance equivalent to pragmatism is found in that it seeks practi- cal usefulness which is philosophical key of pragmatism. The study might help to understand the meaning of practical dance and pragmatism, and to explore the philosophical significance of them.

디지털 사이언스 시대에서 ‘풀려난 실용주의(Pragmatism Unbound)’로서의철학 교육

양승권 중앙대학교 다빈치미래교양연구소 2018 교양학연구 Vol.0 No.7

This paper aims to study philosophy education in digital science era based on the concept of ‘Pragmatism Unbound’ which is the concept of Roberto Unger. ‘Pragmatism Unbound’ is a pragmatism that attempts to open up new ideas freely and change the existing framework. Based on this concern, this thesis examines what philosophy or literary philosophy plays in the university education field. Finally, I present the current status of liberal philosophy education in Daegu University. The seriousness of the philosophical thought to study reality deeply in the era of rapidly changing digital science seems to be useless. However, the fact that our perception can be expanded infinitely in the digital science era is refreshing the philosophy. For example, the concept of ‘Internet of Everything’ is making a situation where ‘Manmuljedong’, ‘All Things unity’, and ‘omnipresence’ are practically realized in oriental philosophy. Philosophy is basically a great help to learn the attitude of seeing both directions at the same time, that is, the synthesis of opposing values. The future society requires talented people who can communicate the conflicting fields in one, not the one who studied only one expert knowledge. This type of human beings is one that realizes “Pragmatism Unbound” out of the “domesticated pragmatism”. It also has the mind of a ‘node’ that connects ‘diverse’ areas. Philosophy must mediate heterogeneous disciplines in order to foster convergent professionals who are well suited to the digital sciences era. And students must be keenly aware of reality and be able to actively combine individual disciplines.