THE EFFECT OF FLUORIDE VARNISH AND ACIDULATED PHOSPHATE FLUORIDE GEL ON ARTIFICIAL CARIES LESION : A MICROCOMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC STUDY

Moon, Sung-Kwon,Lee, Jae-Cheoun,Kim, Young-Jae,Lee, Sang-Hoon,Hahn, Se-Hyun,Jang, Ki-Taeg 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 대한소아치과학회지 Vol.31 No.2

치아 우식의 예방에 있어서 불소 도포는 효과적인 방법으로 재광화를 촉진하고 탈회를 억제한다. APF gel은 전문가 불소도포용으로 가장 일반적인 방법이었으나 최근 fluoride varnish가 소개되면서 그 사용이 증가되고 있다. 이번 연구의 목적은 fluoride varnish와 acidulated phosphate fluoride(APF gel)이 인공우식 병소에 미치는 영향을 시편의 화학적 고정이나 절단 없이 미세전산화 단층 촬영과 3차원 영상을 이용하여 재광화 효과를 비교해 보고자 함이다. 48개의 우식이 없는 건전한 영구 소구치에 인공우식을 유발하고 각 군당 16개씩, 세 군으로 나누었다. 1군은 대조군으로 어떠한 처치도 시행하지 않았다. 2군은 APF gel을 도포하고 1분 후에 gel을 거즈로 제거하여 수세하고 3군은 fluoride varnish를 도포한 후 45분 후에 얇은 varnish 막을 외과용 칼로 조심스럽게 제거하였다. 그 후 각 시편을 50㎖의 인공타액에 3개월 동안 담그어 둔 후 그 사이 기간동안 매달 미세전산화 단층 촬영을 이용하여 3차원 영상을 얻었다. 3차원 영상분석 프로그램으로 재광화 부위의 밀도를 측정하고 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 모든 군에서 시간이 지남에 따라 인공우식 부위의 밀도는 증가하였다. 2. APF gel 군과 fluoride varnish 군에서 한 달, 두 달, 세 달 후 밀도가 대조군보다 통계학적으로 유의성 있게 높았다(P<0.05). 3. APF gel 군과 fluoride varnish 군에서 처치전과 처치 한 달 후의 밀도 차이가 대주군보다 통계학적으로 유의성 있게 높았으며 fluoride varnish 군에서 처치 한 달 후와 처치 두 달 후의 밀도 차이가 대조군과 APF gel 군보다 유의성 있게 높았다(P<0.05). 4. Fluoride varnish가 APF gel보다 불소 처치 후 두 달, 세 달 후 재광화 효과가 더 우수하였고 오래 지속되었다. The application of acidulated phosphate fluoride gel(APF) and fluoride varnishes are the most common topical fluoride therapy. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the remineralization effects of two topical fluoride agents, APF gel and fluoride varnish with microtomograph and 3D image analyzer without sample preparation and chemical fixation. For the purpose of the study, the artificial caries lesion was caused on the caries-free permanent premolar and 48 specimens were divided into three groups each containing 16 specimens. No application was performed on group 1, which acted as control group. Group 2 was treated with APF gel and was removed after a minute. Group 3 was treated with the topical application of fluoride varnish and removed after 45 minutes. Each specimen was placed into a closed container with 50ml of a artificial saliva during three months and the 3D images of the remineralization area were taken using the SkyScan each month. Using the density-measuring program in V works^(TM), the density value of the remineralization area was measured. The following results were obtained: 1. All groups demonstrated an increase in the density of artificial caries lesion with time. 2. The density was significantly higher in APF gel and fluoride varnish group than control group at 1 month, 2 months, 3 months after the treatment(P(0.05). 3. The difference of the density between that "prior to treatment" and that "l month after treatment in Group 2 and Group 3 was significantly higher than that of Group 1 and, the difference of the density between that "1 month after treatment and that "2 month after treatment" in Group 3 was significantly higher than that of Group 1 and 2(P〈0.05). 4. The fluoride varnish was more effective after 2 and 3 months and continuous than the APF gel.

Fluoride uptake on the tooth enamel according to application method

Hee-Jin Kim,Cheon-Hee Lee,Ji-Hyeon Park,Young-Bok Chung 대한예방치과학회 2009 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.5 No.1

Objective: This study was conducted to grope the clinical use of a fluoride application method to prevent dental caries. Materials and method: 30 for healthy molar teeth and randomly divided into two groups on either side of each tooth to form window size as 3 × 3 mm. The first experiment of left in the window was iontophoresis with 2% NaF for 4 minutes for 16 times, right in the window was fluoride varnish directly after iontophoresis method for 4 times. Fluoride concentrations on the enamel surface were checked by EDS method and compared them in each group. The second experiment was done in order to compare the fluoride uptake on the tooth surface between the fluoride varnish method for 4 times and fluoride varnish directly after iontophoresis method for 4 times, with the same procedure. PIGE was used for checking the fluoride uptake on the tooth surface to prove the results certain, with surface samples in 2 teeth. The relative amounts of the fluoride concentration by depth of the enamel were measured by EPMA with 4 sample surface of the others 2 molar teeth, in the same experiment conditions as above. Results: The result of EDS which measures fluoride concentration of enamel that shows up in experiment 1, compared with "iontophoresis only", "iontophoresis and varnish" shows a higher fluoride concentration(p<0.05). In experiment 2, compared with "varnish only", "iontophoresis and varnish" has a higher fluoride concentration(p<0.01). PIGE analyzes the fluoride concentration of the enamel surface. It was discovered that compared to "iontophoresis only" and "varnish only", "iontophoresis and varnish" shows a higher fluoride concentration. EPMA analyzes the fluoride concentration of the enamel surface for different depths. Experiment 1 shows that at the outermost, "iontophoresis and varnish" has fluoride concentration, however, when going deeper, the fluoride concentration of "iontophoresis only" becomes higher. In experiment 2, "varnish only" and "iontophoresis and varnish" have similar levels. However, as long as it goes deeper, the fluoride concentration of "iontophoresis and varnish" becomes higher but that value of "varnish only" can hardly be observed. Conclusion: When using fluoride topical application on the enamel surface, it was highly recommended that fluoride varnish be used directly after fluoride iontphoresis rather than fluoride iontphoresis only or fluoride varnish by itself. The new method is more effective and does not need repeated application. Objective: This study was conducted to grope the clinical use of a fluoride application method to prevent dental caries. Materials and method: 30 for healthy molar teeth and randomly divided into two groups on either side of each tooth to form window size as 3 × 3 mm. The first experiment of left in the window was iontophoresis with 2% NaF for 4 minutes for 16 times, right in the window was fluoride varnish directly after iontophoresis method for 4 times. Fluoride concentrations on the enamel surface were checked by EDS method and compared them in each group. The second experiment was done in order to compare the fluoride uptake on the tooth surface between the fluoride varnish method for 4 times and fluoride varnish directly after iontophoresis method for 4 times, with the same procedure. PIGE was used for checking the fluoride uptake on the tooth surface to prove the results certain, with surface samples in 2 teeth. The relative amounts of the fluoride concentration by depth of the enamel were measured by EPMA with 4 sample surface of the others 2 molar teeth, in the same experiment conditions as above. Results: The result of EDS which measures fluoride concentration of enamel that shows up in experiment 1, compared with "iontophoresis only", "iontophoresis and varnish" shows a higher fluoride concentration(p<0.05). In experiment 2, compared with "varnish only", "iontophoresis and varnish" has a higher fluoride concentration(p<0.01). PIGE analyzes the fluoride concentration of the enamel surface. It was discovered that compared to "iontophoresis only" and "varnish only", "iontophoresis and varnish" shows a higher fluoride concentration. EPMA analyzes the fluoride concentration of the enamel surface for different depths. Experiment 1 shows that at the outermost, "iontophoresis and varnish" has fluoride concentration, however, when going deeper, the fluoride concentration of "iontophoresis only" becomes higher. In experiment 2, "varnish only" and "iontophoresis and varnish" have similar levels. However, as long as it goes deeper, the fluoride concentration of "iontophoresis and varnish" becomes higher but that value of "varnish only" can hardly be observed. Conclusion: When using fluoride topical application on the enamel surface, it was highly recommended that fluoride varnish be used directly after fluoride iontphoresis rather than fluoride iontphoresis only or fluoride varnish by itself. The new method is more effective and does not need repeated application.

Fluoride uptake on the tooth enamel according to application method

Kim, Hee-Jin Lee, Cheon-Hee Park, Ji-Hyeon Chung, Young-Bok 대한임상예방치과학회 2009 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.5 No.1

Objective: This study was conducted to grope the clinical use of a fluoride application method to prevent dental caries. Materials and method: 30 for healthy molar teeth and randomly divided into two groups on either side of each tooth to form window size as 3 × 3 mm. The first experiment of left in the window was iontophoresis with 2% NaF for 4 minutes for 16 times, right in the window was fluoride varnish directly after iontophoresis method for 4 times. Fluoride concentrations on the enamel surface were checked by EDS method and compared them in each group. The second experiment was done in order to compare the fluoride uptake on the tooth surface between the fluoride varnish method for 4 times and fluoride varnish directly after iontophoresis method for 4 times, with the same procedure. PIGE was used for checking the fluoride uptake on the tooth surface to prove the results certain, with surface samples in 2 teeth. The relative amounts of the fluoride concentration by depth of the enamel were measured by EPMA with 4 sample surface of the others 2 molar teeth, in the same experiment conditions as above. Results: The result of EDS which measures fluoride concentration of enamel that shows up in experiment 1, compared with "iontophoresis only", "iontophoresis and varnish" shows a higher fluoride concentration(p<0.05). In experiment 2, compared with "varnish only", "iontophoresis and varnish" has a higher fluoride concentration(p<0.01). PIGE analyzes the fluoride concentration of the enamel surface. It was discovered that compared to "iontophoresis only" and "varnish only", "iontophoresis and varnish" shows a higher fluoride concentration. EPMA analyzes the fluoride concentration of the enamel surface for different depths. Experiment 1 shows that at the outermost, "iontophoresis and varnish" has fluoride concentration, however, when going deeper, the fluoride concentration of "iontophoresis only" becomes higher. In experiment 2, "varnish only" and "iontophoresis and varnish" have similar levels. However, as long as it goes deeper, the fluoride concentration of "iontophoresis and varnish" becomes higher but that value of "varnish only" can hardly be observed. Conclusion: When using fluoride topical application on the enamel surface, it was highly recommended that fluoride varnish be used directly after fluoride iontphoresis rather than fluoride iontphoresis only or fluoride varnish by itself. The new method is more effective and does not need repeated application.

Effect of fluoride varnishes on the surface hardness of bovine teeth under demineralization/remineralization cycling

Ju-Lee Son,Yoon-Jeong Shin,Geon-Hee Jeong,Shin-Jae Choi,Seunghan Oh,Ji-Myung Bae 대한치과의사협회 2020 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.58 No.6

We investigated whether fluoride varnishes recover the hardness of bovine teeth under 20 days of demineralization/remineralization cycling. The fluoride varnish groups (two commercial fluoride varnishes [V-varnish (Vericom, Korea) and CavityShield (3M ESPE, USA)] and an experimental fluoride varnish including 5 wt.% NaF were compared with a control group without fluoride varnish. Vickers hardness was measured at baseline, 3 days after immersion in caries-inducing solution, 24 hours after application of a fluoride varnish, and after 10 and 20 days of demineralization/remineralization cycling. Afterward, tooth surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscope. After fluoride varnish application and the cycling 10 and 20 days, the experimental varnish group showed the highest hardness, while the CavityShield and the control groups demonstrated the lowest hardness. The experimental varnish group recovered the hardness of the baseline at 24 hours after application of the varnish, while it was recovered after 20 days of the cycling in case of the V-varnish. However, the CavityShield and the control groups did not recover the hardness even after 20 days of the cycling. The experimental fluoride varnish with fast recovery in the hardness of the baseline can be used as an effective fluoride varnish to resist demineralization and to facilitate remineralization.

Chlorhexidine과 fluoride 성분의 varnish가 타액 내 mutans streptococci 수에 미치는 효과

서정아,김재곤,백병주,양연미,이용희,김상훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 대한소아치과학회지 Vol.31 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 chlorhexidine(Cervitec)과 fluoride(Fluor-protector) 성분을 각각 포함한 varnish를 치아에 적용하였을 때 타액내의 mutans streptococci의 수의 감소에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 전북대학교 치과대학생 40명을 대상으로 하여 mutans streptococci 균종 수를 평가하였으며, 이들을 무작위로 네 군으로 나누어 다음과 같이 varnish를 적용하였다; A) varnish를 적용하지 않은 군(n=10), B) chlorhexidine varnish 적용군(n=10), C) fluoride varnish 적용군(n=10), D) chlorhexidine과 fluoride varnish를 모두 적용한 군(n=10), Mutans streptococci 수 측정에는 Orion diagnostica 사의 Dentocult SM을 사용하였다. Varnish를 적용하지 않은 상태에서 1차로 Mutans streptococci 수를 측정한 후 각각의 varnish를 적용하였으며, varnish 적용 12주 후 다시 측정하여 기록하였다. 모든 실험군(group B, C, D)에서 12주 후에 측정한 Mutans streptococci 수가 감소한 개체가 증가한 개체보다 많았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 실험에 사용된 어떠한 varnish도 적용 12주 후에 타액 내 mutans streptococci 수에 통계적으로 유의할 만한 변화를 주지는 못하는 것으로 나타났다(p>0.05). The objective of the present prospective trial was to compare the efficacy of chlorhexidine(Cervitec), Fluoride(Fluorprotector) and combination of chlorhexdine and fluoride varnishes in decreasing the level of salivary mutans streptococci. Forty healthy students of school of dentistry, Chonbuk national university were investigated to evaluate mutans streptococci(MS) counts and randomized into four groups to treat with the experimental varnishes: A) untreated group(n=10), B) chlorhexidine group(n=10), C) fluoride group(n=10), D) chlorhexidine and fluoride group(n=10). Dentocult SM^(�)(Orion Diagnostica) strip method was used for measurement of the level of mutans streptococci in saliva. Stimulated saliva were collected at baseline for mutans streptococci counts evaluation(ms1), 12 weeks later the completion of each varnish treatment, mutans streptococci counts were re-evaluated. In varnish group with chlorhexidine, fluoride and combination of chlorhexidine and fluoride, the level of mutans streptococci was lower after 12 weeks than at baseline, but there were no significant differences in saliva(p>0.05), when compared with baseline. After 12 weeks, a remarkable reduction was still found in the subjects with high level of mutans streptococci at baseline, but not different in the low and moderate level of mutans streptococci(p>0.05).

Fluoride varnish와 acidulated phosphate fluoride gel 이 인공우식 병소에 미치는 영향

김광현,한세현,김종철 대한소아치과학회 2001 대한소아치과학회지 Vol.28 No.1

치아우식의 예방을 목적으로 불소가 사용되어오고 있으며, 전문가 불소도포용으로 acidulated phosphate fluoride(APF) gel이 널리 사용되고 있다. 그러나 최근에는 fluoride varnish의 사용이 점차로 늘고 있으며, 이것은 유럽과 스칸디나비아에서 널리 사용되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 fluoride varnish와APF gel이 인공우식 병소에 미치는 영향을 비교연구하는 것이다. 소의 건전한 법랑질에 인공우식을 유발시킨 60개의 시편을 각 군당 20개씩, 세 군으로 나누었다. 1군은 대조군으로 어떠한 처치도 시행하지 않았다. 2군은 fluoride varnish를 도포후 1시간 후에 제거하였고, 3군은 APF gel을 도포후 1분 후에 제거하였다. 그리고나서 생체외에서 매일 인공우식 용액에 3시간씩, 그리고 인공타액에 21시간씩 시편을 담그고 재광화/탈회 순환(remineralization/demineralization cycling)을 시행한 후 각각 5일 후와 15일 후에 미세경도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다 1.5일 후에 미세경도를 측정한 결과 2군과 3군은 1군에 비해 통계학적으로 유의성 있게 높았다(p〈0.05). 그리고 15일 후에 측정한 결과도 2군과 3군이 1군에 비해 통계학적으로 유의성 있게 높았다(p〈0.05). 2.5일 후 2군과 3군의 미세경도를 비교시 각 군간 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 15일 후에도 각 군간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3.미세경도의 변화에 있어서 2군은 5일 후와 15일 후에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 3군에서도 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러나, 1군은 5일 후와 15일 후에 측정한 미세경도가 유의성 있게 감소하였다(p〈0.05). Fluoride has been used widely for the prevention of dental caries. Many dental professionals applicated acidulated phosphate fluoride(APF) gel for the purpose of prevention of dental caries in recent years. However, the topical application of fluoride varnish is growing and getting much recognition in many parts of Europe and Scandinavia. The main purpose of this study was to compare the effect of fluoride varnish and acidulated phosphate fluoride gel on artificial caries lesion. The artificial caries lesion was caused on the sound bovine enamel and divided 60 specimens into three groups each containing twenty for the purpose of study. No application was done on group 1, which acted as control group. Group 2 was treated with the topical application of fluoride varmish and removed after 1 hour. Group 3 was treated with APF gel and removed after o minute. The cycle of remineralization/demineralization went on in vitro and the microhardness was measured for the each group after 5 and 15days. The following results were obtained: 1. According to the results after 5 days, the microhardness of groups 2 and 3 were significantly higher than group 1, the control group(p<0.05). Similar results was also noticed after 15 days(p<0.05). 2. In comparison of microhardness between groups 2 and 3 after 5days, there were no significant differences between them. The results after 15 days was also similar. 3. Much difference in microhardness wasn't present in groups 2 and 3 after 5 and 15days. However, the microhardness of the group 1 dropped significantly in the result of 15days and 5days(p<0.05).

일부시판 불소바니쉬의 불소이온유리량 비교

김한나 ( Han Na Kim ),정명수 ( Myung Su Jeong ),김세연 ( Se Yeon Kim ),김진범 ( Jin Bom Kim ),정승화 ( Seung Hwa Jeong ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2014 대한구강보건학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the amount and rate of cumulative fluoride released over a period of 4 h from several varnishes marketed in Korea. Methods: The following six commercial products were studied: cavity shield (CS, 22,600 ppm F), V varnish (VV, 22,600 ppm F), enamel pro varnish (EP, 22,600 ppm F), MI varnish (MI, 22600 ppm F), fluorine care (FC, 22600 ppm F), and fluor protector N (FP, 7700 ppm F). Five samples were collected from each varnish. Further, 10 mg of each varnish were applied onto an acrylic surface (diameter, 5 mm) and then immersed in 20 mL of distilled water at 37oC. The fluoride concentration in each sample was then analyzed after 30 min, 1, 2, 3, and 4 h, and after 4 days of exposure. Results: The cumulative amount of fluoride released by FC (5.64±1.10 ppm) was significantly higher than that released by other products after 30 min. FC (8.55±1.85 ppm) and MI (8.21±0.81 ppm) released a significantly higher cumulative amount of fluoride after 4 h. The cumulative rate of fluoride released by FC (47.80±9.35%) was significantly higher than that of other products after 30 min. FC (72.44±15.68%) and MI (69.54±6.88%) showed a higher cumulative fluoride release rate after 4 h. MI sustainably released fluoride after 4 h and demonstrated a high fluoride release rate of 95.76%. Conclusions: The cumulative amount and rate of fluoride released by several varnishes were statistically significant at each time point. This data can be used by clinicians prior to selection of dental products.

불소바니쉬의 종류와 특성

김아진 대한치과의사협회 2023 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.61 No.7

The composition of fluoride varnish has changed over time. Current fluoride varnishes used have the following active ingredients: 5% NaF with a rosin and ethanol. There is also a fluoride varnish containing 7700 µg F/g NH4F in synthetic polymer varnish base and ethanol solvent. Recently, to enhance remineralization, calcium– phosphate compounds were added to some fluoride varnishes. Also, light-curable resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) varnishes were introduced into the market. In this study, we compared and analyzed the composition and characteristics of several types of fluoride varnish, differences in fluoride deposition amount as a function of fluorine content and fluorine emission, and the remineralization effects of fluoride varnishes that contain substances to promote remineralization. Additionally, we provide information that can be helpful when choosing fluoride varnish in clinical practice.

불소바니시 5종의 불소이온용출량 비교: 실험실 연구

김지수 ( Ji-soo Kim ),변민지 ( Min-ji Byon ),남용태 ( Yong-tae Nam ),김진범 ( Jin-bom Kim ),정승화 ( Seung-hwa Jeong ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2019 대한구강보건학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives: This study aims to compare the fluoride-release between different fluorine varnish under in vitro experimental conditions. Methods: In this study, 5 fluoride varnish products distributed in Korea were selected. V-varnishTM (Vericom, Korea: VV), CavityShieldTM (3M ESPE, USA: CS), ClinproTM White varnishTM (3M ESPE, USA: CP), MI VarnishTM (GC, Japan: MI), and Fluor Protector (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein: FP). For the in vitro study, 10 mg of each fluoride varnish was thinly applied to the same area of the specimen. The specimen was then immersed in 3 ml of distilled water at consistent intervals to confirm fluoride release. Nine specimens per group were used. Fluoride ion electrodes were used to measure the fluoride concentration of the solution. The Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test was performed to compare between each experimental group, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank nonparametric test was performed to compare experimental groups over time. The significance level for a Type I error was set at 0.05. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA). Results: In vitro experiments showed that the amount of fluoride released from MI was higher than the other groups during the first 12 hours after application. However, the amount of fluoride released from CP and CS was higher than MI as the immersion time increased over 12 and 20 hours, respectively. The fluoride release from FP was the lowest at all measurement points. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the remaining fluoride effect from rosin type fluoride varnishes was higher than liquid type fluoride varnishes. There were differences in the residual fluoride concentrations despite each fluoride varnish having the same fluoride content.

불소 바니쉬와 클로르헥시딘 바니쉬의 항우식 효과

이숙희,김재문,김신,정태성 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 대한소아치과학회지 Vol.35 No.1

치아 우식증은 구강 내 세균, 식이(음식물), 치아 및 타액 등의 숙주 요인이 복합적으로 작용하여 발생한다. 이 중 치아의 탈회에 대한 저항성을 높이거나, 구강 내 세균의 산생성능을 낮춤으로써 치아우식을 예방할 수 있는 대표적인 약제로 불소와 클로르헥시딘이 있다. 이 약제의 구강 내 적용방법으로 치아에 대한 부착력이 뛰어나고 환자의 협조의존도가 비교적 적은 바니쉬 형태가 최근 들어 널리 이용되고 있다. 본 연구는 불소와 클로르헥시딘 바니쉬의 항우식 효과를 생체 내에서 비교 평가하기 위하여, 구강 내 가철성 장치에 우치 시편을 식립하고 불소 바니쉬와 클로르헥시딘 바니쉬를 각각 도포하였다. 치태축적을 유도하여 법랑질 탈회를 통한 우식 유발 환경을 만들고 바니쉬 제제가 구강 내에서 우치 법랑질의 우식 예방에 미치는 효과를 평가하였다. 전자 현미분석 장치와 편광현미경을 사용하여 법랑질 표면의 Ca, P에 대한 정량적 변화를 분석하고 조직학적 관찰을 시행하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 인공 우식병소에 대한 편광현미경 관찰 결과, 불소 및 클로르헥시딘 바니쉬 를 도포한 군에서 대조군에 비해 법랑질 병소가 경미하게 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다. 2. 우식을 유발한 경우 Ca와 P의 감소량은 대조군에서 가장 높게 나타났고(P<0.05), 불소 바니쉬군에서는 Ca와 P의 유의한 감소가 나타나지 않았으며 클로르헥시딘 바니쉬군에서는 P만 유의한 감소를 보였다(P<0.05). 이상의 결과로 보아 불소 및 클로르헥시딘 바니쉬 제제의 사용이 항우식 효과를 나타낸 것으로 판단되나, 불소 바니쉬가 좀 더 우수한 효과를 나타낸 것으로 보인다. Dental caries which is one of the most common chronic disease complexly developed by the action of oral bacteria, diet, and host factor. Various prevention program enhance resistance of demineralization and reduce the acidogenecity of oral bacteria have been introduced, representative material is fluoride and chlorhexidine. The purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare effectiveness of fluoride varnish and chlorhexidine varnish in vivo. Bovine tooth specimens were implanted in the lower space maintainers and applied with fluoride varnish and chlorhexidine varnish. After seven days in oral environment, metal mesh was covered to make similar condition of plaque accumulation and induce caries. All specimens were analysed by EPMA to evaluate quantitative change of Ca, P and by polarized microscope to identify histological changes. The results were as follows : After initial artificial caries induction in the mouth, there were remarkable enamel caries lesion in the control group under polarized light microscopy. The highest amount of mineral decrease were showed in control group. No statistically significant mineral decrease were showed in fluoride varnish group, while chlorhexidine varnish group showed only significant decrease of P(P<0.05). In conclusion both fluoride varnish and chlorhexidine varnish seemed to be effective for protecting enamel surface from caries activity, although fluoride varnish has more anticariogenic effect than chlorhexidine varnish.