Implementation of functional expansion tally method and order selection strategy in Monte Carlo code RMC

Wang, Zhenyu,Liu, Shichang,She, Ding,Su, Yang,Chen, Yixue Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.2

The spatial distribution of neutron flux or reaction rate was calculated by cell or mesh tally in traditional Monte Carlo simulation. However, either cell or mesh tally leads to the increase of memory consumption and simulation time. In this paper, the function expansion tally (FET) method was developed in Reactor Monte Carlo code RMC to solve this problem. The FET method was applied to the tallies of neutron flux distributions of uranium block and PWR fuel rod models. Legendre polynomials were used in the axial direction, while Zernike polynomials were used in the radial direction. The results of flux, calculation time and memory consumption of different expansion orders were investigated, and compared with the mesh tally. Results showed that the continuous distribution of flux can be obtained by FET method. The flux distributions were consistent with that of mesh tally, while the memory consumption and simulation time can be effectively reduced. Finally, the convergence analysis of coefficients of polynomials were performed, and the selection strategy of FET order was proposed based on the statistics uncertainty of the coefficients. The proposed method can help to determine the order of FET, which was meaningful for the efficiency and accuracy of FET method.

고대 동아시아의 使臣 왕래와 符節 - 韓·中 관계를 중심으로 -

송진 숭실대학교 역사문물연구소 2018 숭실사학 Vol.0 No.40

This paper focuses on the symbols of the King’s authority in the possession of diplomatic envoys visiting China from the Korean Peninsula from the 3rd to the 6th centuries. In particular, I analyze the tallies that diplomatic envoys used to prove their identities. During the Warring States period in China, diplomatic envoys carried these tallies symbolizing their status as the king’s representatives, which were the sole means of bestowing diplomatic and military rights on them. Even after the establishment of the Qin and Han empires, the diplomatic envoys and generals under the command of the emperor carried them. The form of tallies changed little by little between the 3rd and 6th centuries, but their meaning as the symbol of the emperor’s authority persisted. Tallies were also accepted in Goguryeo and other states on the Korean peninsula prior to the 7th century. The ‘Copper Tiger Tallies’(銅虎符) that the Yae(濊) and Baekje kings received from the Chinese dynasties are good examples. Historical records are also constitute evidence that the King of Baekje received such tallies from the Chinese emperor. Nevertheless, these tallies were not used by the envoys dispatched to China from the Korean peninsula to prove their identities. Upon the founding of the Tang Empire, the system controlling the entry of diplomatic envoys from neighboring countries was improved relative to the system which prevailed during the previous period. For example, in countries that regularly sent envoys, such as Silla, ‘Copper Fish Tallies’(銅魚符) were issued and used according to the month. Therefore, the tallies used for the identification of foreign envoys in the Tang Dynasty were supplied only to neighboring countries that had established regular diplomatic contacts with the dynasty.

감정평가사의 경매평가시 목적물범위의 통일적 해석 -소유권의 범위확정제도(부합, 종물 등)의 관계를 중심으로-

윤동건,양재모 한양대학교 법학연구소 2008 법학논총 Vol.25 No.3

Our auction act have upset price system, is evaluated by appraiser, in our public auction procedure. On valuation, appraiser consider that the objective is the simple, the complex or the concentration. and which is accessory thing or tally. If appraiser add another thing’s value to appraisement. party interested file a protest against upset price. The Supreme Court’s precedent show what is accessory thing, what is tally in some case. but as an example, for all tree is tally in legal system, some appraiser do not appraise tree’s value. other appraiser do appraise tree’s value. It is caused by the nonexistence of appraisal standard. accessory thing theory is about the reach of ownership. but appraisal is about exchangeable value, nothing but market price. we propose that appraisal standard is need in upset price valuation as compensation standard in the government’s Land Expropriation.

사법 : 감정평가사의 경매평가시 목적물범위의 통일적 해석 -소유권의 범위확정제도(부합, 종물 등)의 관계를 중심으로-

윤동건 ( Dong Gun Yoon ),양재모 ( Jae Mo Yang ) 한양대학교 법학연구소 2008 법학논총 Vol.25 No.3

Our auction act have upset price system, is evaluated by appraiser, in our public auction procedure. On valuation, appraiser consider that the objective is the simple, the complex or the concentration. and which is accessory thing or tally. If appraiser add another thing`s value to appraisement. party interested file a protest against upset price. The Supreme Court`s precedent show what is accessory thing, what is tally in some case. but as an example, for all tree is tally in legal system, some appraiser do not appraise tree`s value. other appraiser do appraise tree`s value. It is caused by the nonexistence of appraisal standard. accessory thing theory is about the reach of ownership. but appraisal is about exchangeable value, nothing but market price. We propose that appraisal standard is need in upset price valuation as compensation standard in the government`s Land Expropriation.

Development and verification of transport and tally capabilities based on unstructured mesh in Reactor Monte Carlo code RMC

Li Jie,Shen Pengfei,Liu Zhaoyuan,Li Qing,Wang Kan 한국원자력학회 2025 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.57 No.6

The transport and tally capabilities based on unstructured mesh (UM) offer significant advantages in representing complex geometry and producing precise tally results over Constructive Solid Geometry(CSG) and Direct Accelerated Geometry Monte Carlo (DAGMC), which can enhance Monte Carlo applications in high-fidelity multi-physics coupling. In this paper, two new capabilities of tally and particle transport based on UM have been studied and implemented in the Reactor Monte Carlo code (RMC). First, a tally capability based on UM under CSG or DAGMC transport framework has been researched, implemented, and verified in RMC, demonstrating considerable tally efficiency in the KRUSTY application. Next, particle transport and tally directly on UM have also been implemented and verified in RMC. In comparison to DAGMC for the irregular Stanford Bunny model, the calculation speed is 8.63 times faster. Additionally, a practical Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR) model has been calculated with RMC’s new transport and tally capabilities, showcasing RMC’s ability to handle complex geometries and produce precise tally results in real irregular reactor application.

당대의 중앙-지방 통신체계와 동어부

김선민 ( Kim Seon Min ) 중국사학회 2003 중국사연구 Vol.25 No.-

In ancient China that the technology of communication were not like today, central government had to dispatch an envoy to give orders or directions to local organizations. But someone who had intention of rebellion against the government could represent himself as an official envoy and the letters which he took might be a forgery. too. Moreover, if the forgery letters were about military affairs, that could cause serious problems. Thus the administrators made an institutional device the so-called Copper Tiger Tally(銅??符) or Copper Fish Tally(銅魚符) system.The tally was made up of copper, which was divided into two pieces, right and left one. It was shaped like a fish in T`ang dynasty, but a tiger in more early times. The right was given to local governors and military commanders. the left being kept in administrative office of central government. For example, when the central government would give an order local military commanders to move their troops, the authority ought to issue an left tally, which was sealed throughly. The envoy took the left tally with an official notes and started for his destination. When the envoy arrived at there, the military commander brought his own right tally which he took over on the day of proceeding to his new post. Then he joined the right and left together. Only in the case the two things fitted tightly together the commander read the official notes and carried out the orders or directions written in it. After that procedures. the left tally had to be returned to the central administrative office where it was. The communication between central government and local governors or military commanders was proceeded in this way. In ancient times. this system was the best way to secure the exact and secret delivery of official letters.

부산항 검수업의 발전과 활성화방안에 관한 연구

조찬혁 한국해양비즈니스학회 2018 해양비즈니스 Vol.- No.41

The role and economic value of the port-related industry have been emphasized in various ways, but the importance of the port-related industry(otherwise called as port-root industry), such as the tally business of the port, has not been sufficiently investigated. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the enhancement of the added value of ports in Korea by examining the realities, current situation, and difficulties of the tally business in Busan, which is one of representative port industry in Korea. In order for the tally industry to basically strengthen its bargaining power and increase its competitiveness, it needs stronger economy of scale than anything else. And the most urgent issue is solving the problem of limiting the access of foreign terminal operators to some tally companies. Further, there is virtually no legal ground to use assistant tally examiners in the port. By solving this issue quickly, we must make sure that the problem is handled smoothly in the field. The issue of minimum wage is in fact a difficult problem to solve. As mentioned above, in order to increase bargaining power and strengthen competitiveness, a stronger economy of scale than the present one is needed. It is inevitable for the industry to find a larger, more efficient, and more inter-company cooperation plan in the future.

아치형 재배 시설장미에서 점박이응애의 이항표본조사법 개발

Kijong Cho,Jung Joon Park,Heungsun Park,Yong Heon Kim 한국응용곤충학회 1998 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.37 No.2

충남부여에 위치한 임업화훼단지내의 유리온실에서 아치형재배(Arching method)장미에 피해를 주는 점박이응애(Tetranychus urticae Koch)의밀도를 엽당 응애수로 조사하였다. 이항표본 조사법은 엽당 점박이응애의 평균밀도(m)와 점박이응애가 T 개체보다 많이 존재하는 엽의 비율()과의 관계를 기본으로 하며, T는 경험적 이항분포모형(ln(m)=+1n(-1n(1-)))에서의 tally threshold 로서, 본 실험에서는 1, 3, 5, 7, 9를 사용하였다. 일반적으로 표본단위 수의증가는 T와 상관없이 이항분포 모형의 정확도에 영향을 거의 주지 않게 된다. 본 실험에서는 상이한 T에 따라 이항분포모형의 정확도가 차이가 났으며 T가 증가할수록 정확도가 높아졌다. 본 실험결과 점박이응애의 밀도추정을 위한 이항분포모형의 정확도를 비교한 결과, T=7인 경우가 최적의 tally threshold인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이항분포조사법의 검정을 위하여, 동일한 포장의 독립적인 표본을 추출, 조사하였다. 본 실험결과 이항표본조사법을 이용한 상업적 유리온실의 아치형재배 장미해충인 점박이응애 평균밀도 추정에는 T=7인 경우가 가장 적절한 것으로 사료된다. Infestations of two spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch, on glasshouse rose (Rosa sp.) grown by an arching method, were determined by counts of the number of TSSM per leaflet in Buyeo, Chungnam Province, for a 2-yr period. Binomial sampling plans were developed based on the relationship between mean density per leaflet (m), and proportion of leaflets infested with ( T mites (PT), according to the empirical model In (m) = a+p In (-ln (1 -PT)). T was defined as tally threshold, and set to 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 mites per leaflet. Increasing sample size had little effects on the precision of the binomial sampling plan, regardless of tally threshold. However, the precision increased with higher tally thresholds. There was a negligible improvement in precision with T ) 7 mites per leaflet. T= 7 was chosen as the best tally threshold for estimating densities of TSSM based on the precision of the model. Independent data set was used to evaluate the model. The binomial model with T= 7 provided reliable predictions of mean densities of TSSM observed on the commercial glasshouse roses.

국내 검수업의 현황 분석 및 개선방안

이면수(Myoun Soo Lee),김성수(Sung Soo Kim),한여남(Yu Nam Han),곽규석(Kyu Seok Kwak) 한국항해항만학회 2006 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.1 No.-

세계항만.해운 시장은 역동적으로 변화하고 있으며, 현재 9.000TEU급 선박이 취항하여 정기 서비스를 시작하고 있으며 이러한 환경속에 세계항만들은 선도적인 위치를 차지하기 위하여 엄청난 자금을 투입하고, 법.제도 등의 규제를 완화하고 있다. 이러한 큰 물결속에 항만물류산업의 중요성이 커지고 있으며, 이는 항만선택 시 고려되는 서비스질의 향상과도 깊은 관련이 있다. 항만물류산업의 한 분야라고 할 수 있는 검수는 없어서는 안되는 중요한 요소이나 그 중요성이 간과되고 있는 실정이다. 또한 아직 검수에 대한 논문이나 보고서 등을 찾아볼 수 없는 현 상황에서 본 논문은 현재 국내 검수에 대한 현황조사 및 설문을 통한 분석을 실시하고 향후 국내 검수업이 나아가야 할 방향을 제시해 보고자 한다. World port and shipping market are changing dynamically, now 9,000TEU vessel made a maiden voyage and served liner service. So world ports try to occupy leading position and they are changing their regulations and law. Because port logistics industry's importance is bigger than before and when shipping companies select port, it is related with improvement of service quality. Tally is indispensable element in port logistics industry but overlooking its importance. Also, now we can't find any papers or reports about tally, so this paper suggests the direction that go forward about domestic tally guideline through present condition through investigation and question's analysis.

Memory-efficient calculations of adjoint-weighted tallies by the Monte Carlo Wielandt method

Choi, Sung Hoon,Shim, Hyung Jin Pergamon Press 2016 Annals of nuclear energy Vol.96 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The current Monte Carlo (MC) adjoint-weighted tally techniques based on the iterated fission probability (IFP) concept require a memory amount which is proportional to the numbers of the adjoint-weighted tallies and histories per cycle to store history-wise tally estimates during the convergence of the adjoint flux. Especially the conventional MC adjoint-weighted perturbation (AWP) calculations for the nuclear data sensitivity and uncertainty (S/U) analysis suffer from the huge memory consumption to realize the IFP concept. In order to reduce the memory requirement drastically, we present a new adjoint estimation method in which the memory usage is irrelevant to the numbers of histories per cycle by applying the IFP concept for the MC Wielandt calculations. The new algorithms for the adjoint-weighted kinetics parameter estimation and the AWP calculations in the MC Wielandt method are implemented in a Seoul National University MC code, McCARD and its validity is demonstrated in critical facility problems. From the comparison of the nuclear data S/U analyses, it is demonstrated that the memory amounts to store the sensitivity estimates in the proposed method become negligibly small.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The MC Wielandt method is applied to reduce memory for the adjoint estimation. </LI> <LI> The adjoint-weighted kinetics parameters are estimated in the MC Wielandt calculations. </LI> <LI> The MC S/U analyses are conducted in the MC Wielandt calculations. </LI> </UL> </P>