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한대 공예품의 유익사자(有翼獅子) 도상을 통해 본 페르시아 미술의 동점
이송란 ( Lee Songran ) 덕성여자대학교 인문과학연구소 2020 인문과학연구 Vol.30 No.-
In craftwork like metal crafts and jade crafts during the Han Dynasty in the 1st Century B.C., including copper kegs in Ancient Tomb No. 9 in Seogam-ri, Lelang, an exotic motif of a lion with a hawk or eagle’s wings, a mixed animal, Yuiksaja is expressed, which draws attention. The lion is a subject matter often used in West Asia, meaning the emperor’s authority and courage. Assyrian lion iconography led to Achaemenid Persia that emerged as the largest monarchy in the ancient Near East in the 6th century B.C. Studies focused on the negotiations between Rome and Central Asia on the Oasis Road of the Silk Road established during the Han Dynasty and sea routes while no light has been shed on the relationship of the negotiation between the Persian cultural area with the Han culture. Thus, this study discussed the process of accepting Persian art in art during the Han Dynasty through the iconography of the lion with wings. Especially, this study examined the relationship with the Persian cultural area with the medium of the lion with wings because a mixed animal, the lion with wings was often used in Saka or Xiongnu metalwork or textile craft. For this, northern nomadic tribes played a role in the process of the eastward spread of the Persian culture. Research has been conducted on the process in which Saka and Xiongnu master craftsmen influenced by the Persian craft were incorporated into the workshops of Han. The lion with wings accepted by art during the Han Dynasty was newly perceived in the way of thinking in the Chinese people. The lion with wings-type exorcism guarding the tombs during the Han Dynasty plays a role in eliminating the evil beings that disturb the soul of the tomb owners from entering the fairyland. The lion that came from the countries bordering on Western China became a being that could drive out an evil spirit, an object of fear. Moreover, by adding wings to the lion, it was upgraded to a being with the fantastic divine power from an animal existing in reality and was born again as an animal having the ability to ascend the owner of the tomb to ascend to the fairyland. The lion with wings was born again as exorcism, a totally different concept from Persia, and it is interesting that it is a new cultural transformation according to the negotiation between the east and the west.
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