Depilatory creams increase the number of hair follicles, and dermal fibroblasts expressing interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and tumor necrosis factor-β in mouse skin

Pi-Fen Tsai,Fen-Pi Chou,Ting-Shuan Yu,Huei-Jane Lee,Chun-Tang Chiu 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.25 No.6

Besides using for hair removal, depilatory agents have been considered to be used as a penetration enhancer for transepidermal drug delivery. To examine the effect in hair follicles (HFs), two commercially available depilatory creams were tested on the dorsal skin of mice to monitor the effect deep into the skin structure. Fifteen male BALB/c mice were used in this study. Depilatory creams were applied to the dorsal skin of the same animal using shaved and untouched treatments as controls to minimize individual differences. Skin samples were collected at three days, one week and two weeks (n = 5 for each) after the treatment, and subjected for hematoxylin-eosin staining, and immunohistochemical analysis for proinflammatory cytokines. The morphological examination showed an increase in the thickness of epidermal layer of the depilatory cream-treated skin at early time points and in the subcutis at two weeks. Depilatory cream promoted entry of anagen phase and increased the number of hair follicles in the subcutis at one and two weeks. Immunohistochemistry showed elevated percentages of dermal fibroblasts expressing interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and tumor necrosis factor-β. Shaving process increased the thickness of epidermis and dermis as depilatory creams did, but did neither induce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the dermal fibroblasts nor the number of HFs. The results suggested that the commercially available depilatory creams caused a transient minor inflammatory response of the skin and increased the levels of cytokines that might subsequently affect hair growth.

Parameter optimization of electromagnetic pulse compaction driven by aluminum tube for tungsten copper powder

Fen-Qiang Li,Juehao Ding,Miao Zheng,Jianlin Xu,Xiaohong Ge,Hui Li,Jun Zhao 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.7

A combination of multi-physics numerical simulation and experiment was conducted to study the magnetic pulse compaction technology driven by two aluminum tubes of tungsten copper powder. Then, the effects of different process parameters on the density and uniformity of the compact were studied by tuning the thickness of the pack and driver tubes and the gap between them. Results show that the density of compact is the highest when the thickness of the driver tube is 1.0 mm. More energy is consumed for force conduction as the thickness of the pack tube increases. Thus, the density of the compact is the highest when the thickness of the packer tube is 0.8 mm. The speed of the driver tube impacting the pack tube also increases with the rise in the gap. Accordingly, the compaction density with the gap of 1.5 mm is the highest under the same other parameters.

Experimental study and numerical simulation on springback of Ti-6Al-4V alloy under hot U-bending

Fen-Qiang Li,Jishuai Jiang,Juemei Wang,Jinguo Wang,Xinyu Chen 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.7

In this study, springback of Ti-6Al-4V sheet subjected to hot bending was investigated experimentally and by numerical simulation. The experiment determined the relative effects of forming temperature, forming speed and holding time on springback during hot bending of the alloy sheet. Distribution of temperature and equivalent stress fields experienced during hot bending were predicted by thermal-mechanical coupling numerical simulation. Analysis of the mutual influence of deformation and temperature was conducted using finite element modeling in DYNAFORM software. The results indicated that increased forming temperature, forming speed and holding time each reduced springback to a degree. Forming temperature had the greatest influence in limiting springback, followed by forming speed and holding time, the latter of which was of minor significance. The thermomechanical coupling numerical model is reliable and the predicted temperature field distribution was confirmed.

Design of Smart Tourism Data Mining Technology Based on Optimized Apriori Association Rule

Fen Ma Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Eng 2025 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.19 No.3

With the widespread application of information technology, smart tourism has emerged as an important direction for the development of the tourism industry. To improve the technological level of the smart tourism industry, a technology based on optimized Apriori association rule mining algorithm is designed. The Spark in-memory computing framework is chosen as the distributed programming framework to store elastic distributed datasets in distributed memory. The support is used to measure the probability of two scenic spots appearing simultaneously, and the order of tourists visiting the scenic spots is considered. A complete data mining process is designed. In the test of the association rules, the research method generated 4,271 association rules at a confidence level of 0.056. When the minimum support threshold of the research method was 30%, the number of invalid frequent itemsets generated was only 831. In the analysis of operational accuracy, the research method maintained an accuracy of over 98.8% when analyzing a data volume of 10,000. This indicates that the research method has good data mining performance and faster computation speed during runtime. The research method can provide good technical support for smart tourism.

Evaluating optimum tilt angle for PV modules using solar radiation models in Wuhan, China

Fen. Li,Nianjun. Ma,Jinbin. Zhao,Keqing. Qu,Xingwu. Yang,Zhenghong. Chen 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6

Four models are used to estimate the hourly solar radiation on 15 pieces of different tilted photovoltaic (PV) modules in Wuhan, China based on power and solar radiation data during a whole year. The optimum tilt angle (OTA) in Wuhan for yearly and semi-yearly adjustment was determined. Then it was determined that the best mode is the tilt angle of PV module adjusted every half a year. In semi-yearly adjustment, OTA in semi-year of winter and summer is found as 45°, 15°, respectively. Experimental results verify the theoretical calculated values of the OTA with high precision. Energy radio (ER) reveals PV modules with adjustment of tilt angle twice a year has a capability to improve nearly 7% in comparison with fixed type. The best model was chosen based on test results from statistical indicators. The statistical results demonstrate that among the studied models, Liu&Jordan model is the most accurate.

Comparative study of the microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheets under quasi-static and high-velocity bulging

Fen-Qiang Li,Jun Zhao,Jian-Hua Mo,Jian-Jun Li,Liang Huang 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.3

In order to reveal the high-velocity deformation mechanisms of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheets, the dynamic deformation behavior and the microstructure evolutions were compared with those under quasi-static case employing Scanning electron microscopy/Electron back-scattered diffraction (SEM/EBSD) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated that the distribution of microhardness was uneven. The cause was determined to be the non-uniform material flow and dynamic loading. The grain sizes of the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheet were nearly the same under two conditions, but the grains were elongated under the dynamic loading compared with that observed in quasi-static forming. In high-velocity bulging, dislocation slip was the principle mechanism of plastic deformation of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy when deformation was small. As the strain increased, the twinning phenomenon was activated in addition to the dislocation cell structure. The twinning plane was determined to be the (10 11) plane.

Optimization of the Field Shaper Parameters in Electromagnetic Pulse Crimping of Cable

Fen-Qiang Li,Jishuai Jiang,Hongsong Cheng,Jianling Xu,Xiaohong Ge,Hui Li,Jun Zhao,Yang Ran 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.10

Crimping of wires to achieve a secure connection is one of the most critical challenges in fabrication of electronic circuit boards, automobiles, aviation, satellite and communication components. The electromagnetic pulse crimping process offers great potential to successfully address these challenges. In this paper, ANSYS/Multi physical software was used to first determine the electromagnetic force distribution on the terminal lug by analyzing the magnetic field in the electromagnetic pulse crimping process. The electromagnetic force was then imported into the ABAQUS/Explicit software as the boundary condition to calculate the deformation behavior of the terminal lug barrel and cable according to the stress–strain curve of the terminal material under high strain rate. The calculated deformation result was subsequently verified by experimental data. Three main parameters of the field shaper were analyzed to determine their influence on the crimping result; slit position, the inner diameter vertical dimension and the position relationship between the terminal lug and field shaper. Then using the empirical formula we calculated and verified the inner diameter vertical dimension of the field shaper. The model proved to be reliable. Deformation of the terminal was determined to be uneven along the circumference in the crimping area. For the type of terminal lug studied, an inner diameter vertical dimension of 10 mm proved to be optimum for increased strength of the crimped terminal connection. Allowing the terminal to protrude 1 mm from the field shaper resulted in a flatter crimped area and significant improvement in the quality of the crimped barrel surface. The empirical formula for calculating the inner diameter vertical dimension of the field shaper is reasonable and reliable, and the calculated measurement resulted in improved connection strength. The results of this research can be used to guide the electromagnetic pulse crimping of other terminal lug and cable types.

How Soil Erosion Affects Soil Quality and Corn Yield in the Mollisol Region of Northeast China

Fenli Zheng,Juan An,Xiaocun Zhang 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Domestic violence in Taiwan:

Fen-ling Chen 한국여성정책연구원(구 한국여성개발원) 2016 한국여성정책연구원 연구보고서 Vol.2016 No.6

Privacy-Preserving Key-Updatable Public Key Encryption with Keyword Search Supporting Ciphertext Sharing Function

( Fen Wang ),( Yang Lu ),( Zhongqi Wang ),( Jinmei Tian ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2022 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.16 No.1

Public key encryption with keyword search (PEKS) allows a user to make search on ciphertexts without disclosing the information of encrypted messages and keywords. In practice, cryptographic operations often occur on insecure devices or mobile devices. But, these devices face the risk of being lost or stolen. Therefore, the secret keys stored on these devices are likely to be exposed. To handle the key exposure problem in PEKS, the notion of key-updatable PEKS (KU-PEKS) was proposed recently. In KU-PEKS, the users’ keys can be updated as the system runs. Nevertheless, the existing KU-PEKS framework has some weaknesses. Firstly, it can’t update the keyword ciphertexts on the storage server without leaking keyword information. Secondly, it needs to send the search tokens to the storage server by secure channels. Thirdly, it does not consider the search token security. In this work, a new PEKS framework named key-updatable and ciphertext-sharable PEKS (KU-CS-PEKS) is devised. This novel framework effectively overcomes the weaknesses in KU-PEKS and has the ciphertext sharing function which is not supported by KU-PEKS. The security notions for KU-CS-PEKS are formally defined and then a concrete KU-CS-PEKS scheme is proposed. The security proofs demonstrate that the KU-CS-PEKS scheme guarantees both the keyword ciphertext privacy and the search token privacy. The experimental results and comparisons bear out that the proposed scheme is practicable.