安養 都心地 開發에 관한 硏究

최승원 弘益大學校 1985 국내석사

(A)mutation in ELA1, an age-dependent negative regulator of PAP1/MYB75, causes UV-and cold stress-tolerance in Arabidopsis thalinana seedlings

최승원 고려대학교 대학원 2009 국내석사

균형적 문자 지도 방법이 정신지체학생의 읽기와 쓰기에 미치는 효과 연구

최승원 강릉원주대학교 교육대학원 2010 국내석사

Reading and writing ability is important and an urgent problem to mentally retarded students because it is the foundation of learning and the medium of teaching-learning process. Educational activities and efforts to improve reading and writing ability of mentally retarded students are being done, but these works don't get results for the mentally retarded students' lack of cognitive function, concentration and experience. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect on syllables, words and sentence reading and writing ability by applying to illiterate mentally retarded students balanced teaching method and strategy in which pronunciation -centered teaching and meaning-centered teaching can be used properly depending on learners' individual necessities and situations. To approach the purpose of this study, simple words and sentence-centered program is reconstructed from Korea 2,3 textbooks and elementary textbooks, Reading 1-1, 1-2. In addition, step-by-step reading and writing teaching program focusing on the recognition of phonemes and re-learning is added and implemented 50 minutes six times a week repeatedly and intensively. The effects of program are measured with standardized test tool, KEDI-Individual Basic Learning Skills Test [ReadingⅠ], informal reading check test, [Oral Reading] and self-made words-sentences test [Reading]. The effects of writing are measured with KEDI-Individual Basic Learning Skills Test [Writing] and word-sentence test [writing]. The differences before and after tests are compared and translated into percentage and graphs. The conclusions are as follows : First, individual-variation-considered balanced letter teaching method is very effective for improving syllables, words and sentence reading ability of illiterate mentally retarded students. Although there are differences among students in which syllable, which word and which sentence they can read, all subjects show positive changes. Also, it is very efficient because teachers can adopt pronunciation-centered teaching and meaning-centered teaching appropriately according to learning materials and situations, individual reading levels and distinctive learning qualities. It proves that it is a very useful method because by supplying various materials systematically and reinforcing feedback, achievement desires and more concentrations of students can be enhanced and expecting learning effects can be obtained. Second, individual-variation-considered balanced letter teaching method is very effective for improving illiterate mentally retarded students' writing abilities. Considering two writing test results, the application of simplified program, the use of ICT and individual treatment teaching influence students meaningfully and positively. Also, individual, repeated writing teaching enhances memorization rate and is helpful to making students write letters orderly and correctly. There are additional effects that students realize dictation is important part of learning and correct the wrong spells themselves. The results of this research show that mentally retarded students, who are different levels in literacy and lack learning activities and functions which they need to perform tasks successfully, if they are provided with teaching methods and programs which are appropriate and interest them, can improve the level of reading and writing. It also shows that balanced teaching method and the application of simplified program promote student's concentrations and interests and are very helpful to students' literacy. Mentally retarded students who has developmental disabilities, if the motivation, learning-teaching programs and methods which consider psychological and emotional qualities and individual differences and various learning materials are offered properly, can reveal their potentials individual students have. This research indicates that by applying balanced letter teaching method to senior students from whom short-term radical learning changes are not expected, the possibility of their being literate increases. I am looking forward to continuing a lot of researches to improve mentally retarded students' reading and writing abilities.

Transient Response and Sensitivity of Film Casting Using a Two-Dimensional Viscoelastic, Nonisothermal Simulation Model in Various Experimental Process Conditions

최승원 고려대학교 대학원 2009 국내석사

Theoretical analyses of film casting instabilities have been carried out with two-dimensional viscoelastic iothermal/nonisothermal film casting simulations and compared with experimental observations using polyethylene resins, lab-scale extruder and film casting die. Effects of various process conditions and fluid viscoelasticity on three instabilities in film casting, e.g., neck-in, edge bead phenomena, and draw resonance, have been investigated with steady state and transient solutions. It has been confirmed that increasing drawdown ratio destabilizes the system and there exists optimal range of aspect ratio to make the system more stable. Also, the dichotomous behavior in the transient response using viscoelastic Phan-Thien and Tanner fluids has been elucidated. The temperature profiles affected by nonisothermal conditions have been additionally scrutinized as well as film casting instabilities. The sensitivity of two-dimensional isothermal film casting processes to the ongoing sinusoidal disturbances has been also examined using frequency response method with transient simulation techniques. Amplitude ratios of state variables such as cross-sectional area, film width and film thickness at the take-up position with respect to a sinusoidal disturbance show resonant peaks along the frequency domain, demonstrating the hyperbolic characteristics of the film casting. This frequency response method can be a useful tool to optimally design process systems for better processability and product quality. The rheological properties of metallocene catalyzed LLDPE have been analyzed and structure-property relationship especially focused on the effects of long chain branching has been scrutinized. The film casting profiles have been observed to investigate their processability and compared with those of LDPE. Since film casting processes are mainly governed by extensional flow rather than shear flow, extensional properties should be taken into the first consideration for assessment of the processability.

1990년대 후반 학생운동의 위기와 대응 : 새로운 참여자들과 운동의 변화

최승원 연세대학교 대학원 2008 국내석사

이 논문은 90년대 후반의 학생운동이 고립과 소멸의 길을 걷고 있었다는 일반적인 평가와 달리, 그가 침체 속에서도 새로운 활로를 모색함으로써 지속적인 재생산을 꾀하고 있었음을 밝히는데 그 목적이 있다.90년대 후반 학생운동의 새로운 지형을 파악하기 위해서 본 논문은 학생운동을 둘러싼 구조적이고 개인적인 맥락을 모두 분석하였다. 당시의 학생운동이 위치했던 사회적 정황을 살핌으로써 그가 운동과 그 참여자들에게 끼쳤던 영향을 확인했다. 아울러 심층면접을 실시함으로써 침체된 당시의 학생운동을 긍정적으로 극복하려 했던 참여자들의 의식과 실천을 보다 소상히 밝혀낼 수 있었다.사회적 환경 변화와 맞물려 나타났던 90년대 후반 학생운동의 위기는 크게 세 가지로 분류할 수 있다. 첫째, 1996년의 연세대 한총련 사태를 정점으로 한 학생운동의 과격화로 인해 운동의 정당성이 훼손되었다는 점이다. 둘째, 1997년의 IMF 구제금융 사태는 이념 지향적 행위자의 감소를 가져와 정치적 의제 중심의 학생운동에 관심을 쏟는 대학생들이 크게 감소하였다. 셋째, 90년대 후반부터 대학들이 도입한 학부제는 학과를 중심으로 하는 학생운동의 기존 동원방식을 무력화시킨 것이었다.90년대 후반 학생운동의 위기와 침체에도 불구하고 그에 참여하는 대학생들은 여전히 존재하고 있었다. 특히 당시의 학생운동에는 학생운동진영으로부터의 포섭과 의식화를 거친 전통적 유형의 참여자 외에 새로운 참여자 유형이 출현하기 시작했다. 그와 같은 새로운 참여자들은 학생운동에 진입하기 이전부터 그에 대한 동정적인 태도를 형성하고 있었다. 아울러 그들은 주체적이고 적극적으로 학생운동에 대한 탐색을 행했으며 합리적인 고려를 통해 참여를 결정하고 있었다. 또한 그들은 학생운동에 참여함으로써 개인의 이해 보전이나 자신을 둘러싼 공동체의 소멸 방지와 같은 현실적인 사안들에 공동으로 대응하고자 했다.현실감각과 유연함을 갖춘 새로운 참여자들을 중심으로 90년대 후반의 학생운동진영은 침체된 운동 상황을 극복하고자 노력하고 있었다. 그들은 학생대중들과 교류를 시작했고 그를 바탕으로 운동의 동원 방식과 문화, 의제의 영역에 걸쳐 다양한 변화를 주도했다. 새로운 학생운동 참여자들은 교조적이고 일방적인 방식으로 학생대중을 동원하기보다는, 상실된 운동의 정당성을 먼저 회복하면서 보다 유연하고 대상 존중적인 태도로 그들을 설득하려 했다. 조직 중심적이고 대중 괴리적이었던 운동문화 역시 쇄신의 대상이었다. 새로운 참여자들은 서로의 일상과 취향을 존중하면서 운동과 개인의 삶을 조화시키고자 했으며, 외부적으로는 대중문화 활용과 같은 대중화 전략을 통해 친근한 방식으로 학생들에게 다가서는 중이었다. 또한 정치 투쟁 일변도의 운동을 지양하면서 시대적·개인적 필요에 따른 다양한 의제들을 발굴하고 그를 위한 독립적이고 일상적인 실천을 모색하고 있었다. 그들의 운동 내·외부에 걸친 자아비판과 다양한 시도들은 가시적이고 즉각적인 반응을 이끌어내지는 못했지만, 침체된 90년대 후반의 학생운동에 활력을 더하고 한 단계 성숙해진 운동의 지형을 만들어 가는데 일조하는 것이었다. This study aims to clarify that the student movement has made a continuous attempt to maintain and advance its movement by finding a new way out under its downturn, as opposed to the common belief that the movement was isolated and disappearing in the late 1990s.To understand the new context of the student movement in the late 1990s, this study analyzed both the personal and structural systems surrounding the student movement. By investigating the circumstances surrounding the student movement at that time, this study verified how they affected the movement and its participants. In addition, in-depth interview clearly showed that a new consciousness and practice the participants have had to revive the depressed student movement.The crisis of the student movement in the late 1990s, corresponding to the changes in the social environment, can be divided into three parts. First of all, the student movement lost its justice since it went to extremes. The student movement maintained the violent and extreme form of demonstration in spite of the on-going process of democratization, and started to be criticized after the violent demonstration of the Hanchongnyon, the Korea Federation of University Student Councils, held at Yonsei University in 1996. Next, IMF’s emergency relief loan in 1997 reduced the number of the ideology seeking agents. As university students had to solve realistic problems such as increased competition for jobs, they seemed to become less interested in the student movement that was primarily concerned with political agendas. Further, the universities adopted the divisional system since the late 1990s and consequently incapacitated the existing mobilization system of student movement that was supported mainly by individual departments.Despite the crisis and downturn of the student movement in the late 1990s, there were students who still participated in it. In particular, new type of participants appeared in the student movement in that period. Traditionally, the participants have joined the student movement through internalizing its ideology by direct and indirect persuasion of the movement camp. However, the student movement in the late 1990s was trimmed in its size and capability and its negative side was also being public issues, and thus different traits in participants were observed. That is, they already had sympathetic attitude to student movement before they join it directly. In addition, they actively explored student movement for themselves and made decisions regarding their participation based on their own rational considerations. Furthermore, it was observed that they participated in the student movement with practical purposes such as the maintenance of personal interest or the prevention of extinction of community surrounding themselves.The student movement camp with a new type of participants in the late 1990s was trying to overcome the downturn of the movement. Initiating a full-scale negotiation with student publics, they led various changes in mobilization method, movement culture and movement proposal. The new participants of student movement were against the existing mobilization system that was one-sided and dogmatic. To persuade students, they tried to regain the justice of their movement that had been lost, and adopted a new method that is more flexible and respects individual subjects. The excessively group-oriented and public-exclusive movement culture was a subject to be reformed. The new participants intended to balance between movement and individual life by accepting different life styles and tastes of each. In addition, they were searching for various agendas for periodic and personal necessity with a great devotion to political campaign, and were promoting an independent practice for it. Although it did not derive a viable and prompt response, it seemed to lead the student movement to be revitalized gradually and improved qualitatively despite the reduction in its size and capability.

Nested Mobile Network에서 OLSR을 적용한 경로최적화 방안에 관한 연구

최승원 건국대학교 2006 국내석사

영문초록 :As interest towards Nested NEMO(NEtwork MObility) has been increasing due to a long years of research of Wireless network mobility technology, it has lead to many active ongoing research for RO(Route Optimization) technology for Nested NEMO.Aim of this thesis is to propose a method, combining BU(Binding Update) which MN(Mobile Node) sends out with OLSR(Optimized Link State Routing protocol) to produce Nested Internal Topology that can be sent to CR(Correspondent Router) via TLMR(Top-Level Mobile Router) thus utilizing CR's PR(Proxy Route) function which should in turn provide RO, which undoubtedly covers the current disadvantage which surfaces when two protocols, ORC(Optimized Route Cache protocol) and OLSR scheme in Nested Mobile Network, are used together as ORC cannot support Nested situation

경증 두부 손상 후 발생한 지연성 악화에 대한 임상 분석

崔勝源 忠南大學校 1998 국내석사

We retrospectively studied 366 consecutive patients during 3-year period who presented with mild head injury(GCS score in the 13 to 15 range). Of 51(13.9%) patients with delayed deterioration, 13 died(25.5%), 38(74.5%) had favorable outcome. Statistically correlated factors with delayed deterioration were age, initial symptom or sign, laboratory finding including coagulopathy, electrolyte imbalance, hyperglycemia, and presence of subdural hematoma in initial brain CT. 28(54.9%) of patients with delayed deterioration underwent neurosurgical intervention and 229(72.1%) of patients without delayed deterioration were treated conservatively. Sex, GCS score on deterioration and characteristics or site of new lesion in subsequent brain CT on deterioration were statistically correlated with prognosis of delayed deteriorated patients.

제품보완성과 브랜드의 신호력이 제휴한 후발 브랜드에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향

최승원 서강대학교 대학원 2000 국내석사

브랜드 제휴는 시장에 초기 진입하는 후발 브랜드가 지각된 품질(perceived quality)를 높이고 호의적인 태도를 형성하게 된다. 본 연구는 브랜드 제휴에 있어서 제품보완성과 상대브랜드의 신호력이 소비자의 후발 브랜드에 대한 태도를 형성하는데 미치는 영향과 제품군에 대한 지식수준(product knowledge)에 따라 이러한 영향이 어떻게 달라지는가를 연구하였다. 본 연구의 구체적인 목적은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 후발 브랜드가 브랜드 제휴를 할 때, 제품보완성과 상대브랜드의 신호력이라는 변수들이 소비자의 후발 브랜드에 대한 태도형성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 둘째, 이들 변수들은 후발 브랜드에 대한 태도에 동일하게 영향을 주지 않으며, 제품보완성보다 상대브랜드의 신호력이 더 크게 영향을 줌을 파악하는데 목적이 있다. 셋째, 소비자 특성변수(consumer's variables)인 제품군에 대한 지식수준이 변수들간의 영향의 차이를 조절하는 매개변수(mediating variables)의 역할을 함에 따라 어떻게 달라지는가를 살펴보는데 목적이 있다 이러한 연구의 목적을 실현하기 위해서 문헌검토를 통해 가설을 설정하고, 실험을 실시한 후, t-test, 분산분석(ANOVA) 등을 이용하여 가설을 검정하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 브랜드 제휴라는 것이 전반적으로 소비자의 후발 브랜드에 대한 태도에 영향을 미침으로써, 소비자들은 같은 품질의 제품이라도 제휴한 제품군과 제휴상대에 따라 다르게 평가하고, 다른 태도를 형성함을 보여주었다. 둘째, 제휴한 제품군과의 보완성은 소비자가 후발 브랜드에 대한 태도를 형성하는데 영향을 주게 됨을 파악하였다. 제품보완성이 높은 브랜드와의 제휴는 소비자로 하여금 공유속성(common attributes)에 대한 인식을 유발시키고 쉽게 연상되어지게 함으로써, 지각된 품질 및 호의적인 태도를 형성하게 한다는 것을 입증하였다. 셋째, 제휴한 상대브랜드의 신호력이 소비자의 후발 브랜드에 대한 태도에 영향을 미친다는 것을 파악하였다. 신호력이 높은 브랜드와의 제휴는 이미 브랜드에 대해 높게 형성된 품질지각과 호의적인 태도를 연상시킴으로써, 제휴한 후발 브랜드를 긍정적으로 평가하게 하는 효과를 가져온다는 것을 입증하였다. 넷째, 소비자의 후발 브랜드에 대한 태도는 제품보완성이 높은 브랜드와의 제휴보다 신호력이 높은 브랜드와의 제휴에 더욱 호의적으로 형성된다는 것을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 제품보완성이 높다는 것보다 신호력이 높다는 것이 소비자들에게는 더욱 진단적인(diagnostic) 정보로 작용한다는 것을 입증하였다. 다섯째, 전문가(expert)는 제품속성 자체에 대한 평가가 우선시되어 브랜드 제휴의 영향을 덜 받지만, 초심자(novice)는 브랜드 제휴의 영향을 많이 받으며, 특히 제품보완성보다 브랜드의 신호력에 의해 더 큰 영향을 받는다는 것을 입증하였다. 이상의 결과에 비추어 본 연구는 다음과 같은 이론적인 시사점을 제시하고 있다. 첫째, 제품보완성과 브랜드의 신호력 중 한 변수만의 영향을 살펴보는 기존 연구의 한계점을 벗어났다는 것이다. 두 변수를 동시에 고려하여 살펴보고 이들 변수들이 태도에 주는 영향의 차이를 살펴봄으로써, 보다 폭넓게 브랜드 제휴의 효과를 살펴볼 수 있는 이론적 토대를 마련했다는 것이다. 둘째, 소비자 개인특성변수인 제품군에 대한 지식수준이 브랜드의 신호력에 영향을 주고, 브랜드 제휴로 인해 형성되는 태도 및 브랜드 제휴의 효과에 간접적으로 영향을 줄 수 있음을 살펴보았으며, 특히 지식수준이 낮은 소비자가 영향을 크게 받음을 입증하였다는 것이다. 한편 본 연구가 기업의 마케터들에게 주는 실무적 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 브랜드 제휴는 혼자서 할 수 없는 품질보증(quality guaranty)을 해주는 역할을 해줄 수 있으므로, 이를 적극적으로 활용하는 것이 브랜드의 지각된 품질을 향상시켜 호의적인 태도를 유발하는 효과적인 전략방안(strategic method)이 된다는 것이다. 둘째, 모든 브랜드 제휴가 호의적인 태도를 유발하는 것이 아니며, 제품보완성과 상대브랜드의 신호력이 낮은 브랜드와의 제휴는 오히려 제품품질에 대한 평가 및 호의적 태도를 감소시킬 수도 있다는 것이다. 또한 이러한 경향은 전문가보다 초심자에게서 더 크게 나타남을 염두해 두어야 한다. 셋째, 지각된 품질을 향상시키고 호의적인 태도를 유발하기 위해서는 제품보완성보다 상대브랜드의 신호력을 우선시 하는 것이 좋다는 것이다. 넷째, 제품군에 대한 지식수준이라는 소비자 특성변수에 따라 브랜드 제휴의 효과가 다르기 때문에, 후발 브랜드는 표적집단(target consumers)을 제품군에 대한 지식수준이 낮은 초심자집단으로 하고 이들에게 신호력이 높은 브랜드와 제휴한 것을 적극적으로 보여줌으로써, 태도를 형성하게 하는 것이 효과적이라는 것을 시사해준다. 이상의 시사점에 덧붙여서 본 연구는 단일제품군만을 연구한 점, 브랜드 특유의 효과를 고려하지 못한 점, 표본의 한정 등으로 인한 한계점을 가지고 있다. Brand alliances improve the perceived quality of the later brand and form the positive attitude. This study is about the influence of the product complementarity and the partner brand's signaling power and the effect of the level of the product knowledge. The purposes of this concrete study are as follows. Frist purpose is to investigate on variables of product complementarity and partner bands signaling power in influence of attitude formulation of customers of the later brand. Second, those variables would not have the same degree of influence; partner brand's signaling power has greater influence than product complementarity. Third, this study will look around how the consumer's attitude for the later brand changes, as the product knowledge about the product group which is consumer's variables plays roles of mediating variables which controls the difference of the effects between variables. To complete the purposes, I made a hypothesis through documents, experimented, approved the hypothesis through t-test and ANOVA. The results of the investigation is following. First, the consumers may have different estimation and attitude on the identical quality products dependant on alliance product group and alliance partner as brand alliances generally influence on the attitudes of the later brand's consumers. Second, the study found that product complementarity of alliances product group influences the attitude formation of the later brand's consumers. The product complementarity initiate recognition which is common attributes of the consumers. The recognition forms perceived quality and the positive attitude. Third, allianced partner brand's signaling power influences the attitude of the later brand's consumers. The alliances with the higher signaling power remind the positive attitude and the higher formed quality. Therefore, the alliances improve positively the estimation of the allianced later brand. Forth, the attitudes of the later brand's consumers is formed dependent more greatly on high signaling power than alliances with high level of product complementarity. This will eventually provide more diagnostic information to the consumers. Finally, the brand alliances influence novices to the greater extent than experts; especially brand signaling power effects novices more greatly than product complementarity. This study proposes some theoretical points as follows considering followed results. First, this study exceeded the limitation existing had which deal with the influence of one variable of product complementarity and brand's signaling power and also this study made the theoretical fundamental which examine the effect of brand alliances much broadly with examining the result considering two variables at once and the difference of the influence that these variables mae in attitude. Second, this study examines that recognition about products which is consumer's variables makes some effects on brand's signaling power and on the attitude make by the brand alliances and the effect of the brand alliances in the second hand, and especially the result proved that the lower comprehension on the product made more effect. On the other side, this study provides following practical view points to the marketers. First, brand alliances improve the quality guaranty which the later brand can do by itself.; therefore, it is an effective strategic method to take advantage of the quality guaranty. Second, every brand alliances would not cause the positive attitude; brand alliances with relatively low parter brand's signaling power may reduce the positive attitude. In addition, this tendency has greater influence on the novices than experts. Third, it is more effective to give more importance on the partner's signaling power than product complementarity in order to improve the perceive quality and initiate positive attitude. Finally, because the effect of the brand alliance is different as the level of knowledge of consumers, it is more efficient for later brand to get the target consumers as novices who has low product knowledge, and show the alliance with the highly signaling-powered brand to them actively. In addition to these, some limitations which this study has are single product group basis, disregarding the brand's own effects, and limitation of specimen etc..

신경세포에서 CoCl2 처리로 유도된 Hypoxia를 통한 소포체 스트레스 반응 및 Apoptosis

최승원 충남대학교 대학원 2009 국내박사

Cobalt (II) chloride is the chemical compound with the formula CoCl2, and has been widely used in the treatment of anemia. It is also a chemical agent which induces hypoxia in cell culture and is known to activate hypoxic signaling. However, excessive exposure to cobalt is associated with several clinical conditions, including asthma, pneumonia, and hematological abnormalities, and can lead to tissue and cellular toxicity. It is also known to induce apoptosis. There was the question whether CoCl2 could induce apoptosis via ER (endopalsmic reticulum) stress in neurons. To address this question, I measured the level of DNA fragmentation to assay apoptotic rates using CoCl2 with neuron PC12 cells. After confirmation of apoptosis inductions, under the same conditions, the expression level of ER stress associated factors [ER chaperones Bip, calnexin, ERp72, ERp29, PDI and ER membrane kinases (IRE1, ATF6, PERK)] were examined by RT-PCR and Western blotting. These results indicated that apoptosis is induced through the activation of ER membrane kinases via ER stress. In conclusion, during the induction of apoptosis through the CoCl2-induced hypoxia in the neuron PC12 cells, ER membrane kinase of IRE1 is dominantly up-expressed and consecutively, TRAF2, suggested as one of the links connecting apoptosis and ER stress, was also strongly up-expressed.

집권초기 박정희의 “조국 근대화”구상 연구 : 그의 연설문과 저술을 중심으로

최승원 韓國學中央硏究院 韓國學大學院 2017 국내석사

본 논문은 집권 초기, “박정희의 언어와 자기해석”으로 표현된 박정희의 “조국 근대화” 구상에 대한 연구이다. 이 연구는 정윤재의 정치리더십 분석틀인 의학적 분석기법 (비전, 진단, 처방)을 적용하여, 1961년부터 1963년까지, 박정희가 설정한 국가적 목표와 방향은 어떠한 것이었는가, (비전), 시대적 상황을 어떻게 진단하고, 무엇을 “조국근대화”를 위한 국가적 과제로 규정했으며, 과제를 실행하기 위해 어떠한 전략을 구상했는가, (진단과 처방)를 검토했다. 이 연구는 박정희에 대한 역사적 평가에 있어서, 민주정치 발전의 관점에 경도되어 소홀히 다루어졌던 국가 최고 지도자의 시대적 과제를 해결하기 위한 기획과 실행 능력 및 성과를 고찰함으로써, 박정희 시대에 대한 균형 잡힌 이해와 평가를 도모하는데 기여할 것이다. 박정희는 “민주주의에 기반 한 통일된 복지국가”를 국가비전으로 선포했다. 박정희는 자유, 평등, 복지의 민주주의적 가치를 인정했으며, 인간의 존엄성에 기반 한민주주의가 공산주의보다 우월한 체제라고 평가했다. 복지국가는 누구나 잘 사는 나라를 의미하며, 모든 국민이 최저생활을 유지하는 데에 있어서는 평등을 누려야 한다는 사회복지의 개념을 포함한 것이다. 통일은 반공을 국시로 하되, 경제력과 국방력이 북한을 압도할 때 남한 주도의 평화적 통일이 가능할 것이라는 승공의 개념을 구상하고 발전시켜 나갔다. 박정희는 조국근대화를 성취해낼 사회적 추진력을 국난을 극복해 낸 우리의 역사적, 민족적 전통에서 찾았다. “조국근대화”와 “민족중흥”은 국가의 근대화 과제를 역사적인 맥락에서 해석하여 비전화한 것이다. 박정희는 극복해야 할 시대적 상황을 빈곤의 문제, 정치사회적 혼란, 북한의 직·간접 침략 등 세 가지로 진단했다. 이들은 각기 독립적인 문제이면서 서로 영향을 주고받는 상호 연관성을 가졌으므로, 이에 대한 처방은 순차적이 아니라, 동시에 해결해나가야 하는 것이었다. 또한 박정희는 문제의 근원을 추적한 끝에 결국 사람들이 먼저 변화해야 나라가 근대화될 수 있다고 판단했다. 상황진단에 따른 첫 번째 처방은 5.16쿠데타를 통해 자신이 구상한 방향으로 조국 근대화를 진행시킬 수 있는 권력을 확보하는 것이었다. 박정희는 혁명과업이 실패하면 다시는 기회가 주어지지 않을 것이라는 역사의식을 동반한 긴박감을 갖고 있었다. 또한 “5.16혁명은 국민혁명을 위한 하나의 발전적 계기”를 만들어주었을 뿐이고, 그 성공은 국민들의 적극적인 참여에 달렸다고 보았다. 박정희가 5.16쿠데타와 같은 특단의 조치를 취한 것은 정치논리에 의해 국민들이 사분오열되는 것을 막고, 국력을 집결시켜 조국의 근대화를 단시간 내에 성취할 수 있는 계기를 만들기 위한 것이었다. 박정희는 차별화된 통치철학과 국정운영방식을 보였으며, 이는 과거 정권들과 비슷한 여건에서 전혀 다른 성과를 올릴 수 있었던 결정적인 요인이었다. 박정희는 유능하고 실행력을 갖춘 일하는 정부, 일하는 정치인으로 상징되는 새로운 정치의 가능성을 증명했다. 박정희의 강력한 지도력은 헌신과 소통, 명확한 목표와 전략의 제시, 조직력과 실행능력, 그리고 목표 추구에 있어서 일관성과 집중력을 유지한 데서 나온 것이다. 박정희는 경제, 사회, 안보, 외교, 문화 등 전 영역에 걸친 근대화 계획을 기획에서 실행 단계까지 참여하고 이끌었으며 헌신적인 노력을 기울였 다. 이러한 국가최고지도자의 헌신은 정부, 기업과 국민들을 단합시키고 행동하게 했던 중요한 동인(動因)이었다. 박정희는 조국근대화의 최종 목적은 인간의 근대화에 있다고 판단했다. 그는 새로운 사회 질서를 확립하기 위해서, 낡은 습관을 제거하고, 새로운 가치를 정착시키는 방식으로 정신혁명을 주도해 나갔다. 정신혁명의 목표는 전 국민을 대상으로 의식구조의 변화를 일으킴으로써, 무기력에서 벗어나 행동하며, 국익을 우선적으로 생각하는 공민(公民)을 키우는 것이었다. 박정희는 지도자와 국민이 민족주의를 바탕으로 한 “차원 높은 방향감각”을 지니고, 현실대화를 통한 긴밀한 유대관계가 형성될 때 조국 근대화에 필요한 사회적 추진력이 생길 것으로 보았다. 더 나아가, 국민정신의 힘의 원천을 국난을 극복해낸 선조들의 정신력에서 도출해냈다. 박정희는 진정한 민주주의를 운영할 역량을 모든 국민들이 갖추어야 한다고 믿었으며, 이에 따라 국민교육기회를 정책적으로 확대해 나갔다. 이러한 정신적 개혁은 산업화가 진행되면서 점진적인 개인의 의식 변화를 유도한 것이 아니라, 본격적인 산업화가 시작되기 전에 정부 주도하에 국민 의식을 먼저 근대화하려는 정책이 기획되고 시행되었다는 것이 특징적인 요소이다. 박정희는 국가의 백년대계를 포함한 종합적인 청사진을 가지고 경제개발 5개년 계획을 수립했다. 이 계획은 대대적인 경제구조의 재편과 재정체계를 재정비하는데서 출발했다. 궁극적인 목표는 공업화와 수출이었으며, 빈곤과 후진성의 근원이던 농촌개발을 동시에 진행시켰다. 경제계획은 단계별, 연도별 목표와 전략이 포함되어 있었고, 이러한 목표는 수치화되어 국민들에게 사전 고지되었다. 산업개발은 국가의 생산력과 사회간접자본을 확충하는데서 출발했으며, 수출은 국가를 고속성장과 발전의 궤도로 올려놓기 위한 중요한 정책으로 채택되었다. 농업은 식량자립을 위한 다각도의 정책들을 수립하고, 공무원, 연구원, 농민과 농협 등 전국적인 조직을 갖추고 체계적으로 시행되었다. 박정희는 개방적이고 적극적인 국방 및 경제외교를 구상했다. 경제개발에 소요되는 외자유치를 위해 자신이 직접 경제외교에 나섰으 며, 기업가들도 민자 유치를 할 수 있도록 국가가 지원했다. 경제개발은 국가최고 지도자, 공무원, 기업, 국민들이 단합하여 커다란 성과를 이끌어내는 방식으로 구상되었다. 박정희는 반공을 국시로 정하고 반공사상과 체제를 강화하는 노력을 기울였다. 그는 공산주의자의 속성에 대해 정확히 파악하고, 침략을 물리칠 수 있는 자체적인 힘을 기르는 것을 중요하게 생각했다. 박정희는 60만 국군의 유지, 국방비에 대한 미국 원조 유지, 북한침략에 대한 경계태세 강화, 자유우방과의 유대강화를 위한 적극적인 외교노력을 통해 국방에 만전을 기하고자 했다. 박정희의 통일전략은 국방력과 경제력의 우위를 확보함으로써 주도적인 평화통일을 성취하는 승공통일을 지향했다. 국방력을 강화하면서도 전쟁을 통한 통일을 구상하지 않은 것은 동족상 잔의 비극은 다시는 없어야 한다는 그의 신념에서 비롯된 것이다. 박정희의 조국 근대화 구상은 국민과 국가의 모든 영역을 개혁하고 발전시키기 위한 치밀하고 종합적인 계획의 성격을 띤 것이었다. 박정희는 전 방위적인 국가개혁을 구상했고, 경제개발과 동시에 근대화의 주역이 될 국민의 정신개혁도 국가정책으로 시행해나갔다. 이 연구를 통해 얻은 교훈은 방향타를 쥔 국가최고지도자의 역량과 의지에 따라 얼마든지 어려운 시대적 상황이나 여건을 돌파해낼 수 있다는 것이며, 정부와 국민이 명확한 국가적 목표하에 단결하고 협력을 이룰 수 있다면 그것이 곧 강력한 국력을 의미한다는 것이다. 또한 어떠한 물질적 조건보다도, 국민들의 정신적인 힘이 국가의 미래를 긍정적으로 밝혀나가는데 중요한 요소라는 것을 알 수 있었다. This paper is a study of Park, Chung Hee's "Modernization of the Fatherland" concept, expressed by "Park's own language and self -interpretation". This research applied Chung, Yoon Jae’s leadership analysis tool of the medical approach to the political leadership i.e. "vision, diagnosis, and prescription" and probed on how the national goals and directions set by Park Jung-hee in the 1961-63 period (vision), what was defined as major national tasks to be implemented for "modernization of the country", and what strategies were envisioned to carry out the tasks (diagnosis and prescription). This study may contribute to bring in the balanced understanding of the Park, Chung Hee era and to showcase the analysis & evaluation in the pragmatic review of Park’s planning and executional capability and performance to implement the national tasks, that has been neglected or over-looked in previous researches and historical evaluations, largely done with a focus on the perspective of democratic political development. Park, Chung Hee declared a national vision as a "unified welfare state based on democracy" which was seen as ideal in which the diagnosed problems were resolved. Park acknowledged democratic values of freedom, equality, and welfare, and regarded democracy as superior to communism in the sense of fully respecting human dignity. The welfare state in his opinion, means a country where everyone lives well and includes the concept of social security that all people should enjoy equality at least in maintaining the lowest living standards. Park had adopted anti-communism as a national policy and developed the theory of “Seungkong” or a victory over communists that the peaceful reunification of South and North Koreas would be possible when South’s economic power and defense forces overwhelmed those of North. Park, Chung Hee discovered a social driving force or a momentum to achieve the modernization of the country in the historical and ethnic traditions that Korean ancestors overcame many national crises in the past. The "modernization of the fatherland" and "the revival of the nation" were chosen as the nation’s ultimate visions set in the course of interpreting the national modernization tasks in the historical context. Park, Chung Hee diagnosed the situation of times to overcome in three ways: poverty, political and social disorder, and direct/indirect invasion of North Korea. Poverty was not only an economic problem, but also had a causal link between political, social confusion and national security crises. Hence, the prescriptions for the three recognized problems were not to be sequential but had to be resolved at the same time. Park pursued to identify the source of the problems as well and eventually reached to a conclusion that the people should change first to let the country be modernized. The first prescription for the situational diagnosis began with securing the power to carry out the modernization of the country in the direction he conceived through the 5.16 coup. Park had a sense of urgency with historical consciousness that no chance would be given again, if the revolutionary task failed. He also thought that "the 5.16 Revolution only made a developmental momentum for the national reform" and its success depended on the active participation of the people. Park, Jung Hee's unusual measures, such as the 5.16 coup d'etat, were to prevent the people from quarreling by the logic of politics and to create an opportunity to gather the national power and achieve the modernization of the country in a short time. Park, Jung Hee showed a differentiated philosophy of governance and state administration, which was a crucial factor in achieving a totally different outcomes under the same conditions as the previous regimes. Park proved the possibility of a new politics symbolized by a competent, capable working government and a working politician. Park's strong leadership came from dedication and communication, presentation of clear goals and strategies, organizational and executive abilities, and consistency and concentration in pursuit of goals. Park participated and led the modernization process in all areas including economy, society, security, diplomacy, and culture from planning to execution stages and devoted his efforts. Park's commitment was an important driver of government, business and people' s unity and action. Park decided that the ultimate goal of the modernization of the country was to modernize human beings. In order to establish a new social order, he led the consciousness or spiritual revolution in the way of removing old habits and setting new values. The consciousness revolution was to bring changes on people’s ways of thinking, to let them act out of helplessness, and to raise the citizens to take national interests first. Park Jung-hee believed that social cohesion needed for the modernization of the country would arise when leaders and citizens have a "higher sense of direction" based on nationalism, and when close ties between two groups are established through continued realistic dialogue. Furthermore, he identified the source of power in people’s mental strength from the ancestors who overcame the national crises in the past history. Park believed that every citizen should have the ability to run a genuine democracy, and thus expanded the opportunity for national education. It was a unique element that the government has planned and implemented policies for people’s consciousness reforms before the start of full-scale industrialization, rather than he waited to see that people’s way of thinking or habits started to change as the industrialization progressed. Park set up a 5-year economic development plan with a comprehensive blueprint for a national centurial scheme. The plan began with the full fledged reorganization of the economic structure and the financial system. The ultimate goal was industrialization and exports, and at the same time, the plan aimed at agricultural development, which was the source of poverty and backwardness. The economic plan included step-by-step, year-by-year goals and strategies, and these goals were quantified and pre-notified to the public. Industrial development started with the expansion of national productivity and social overhead capital, and exports were adopted as an important policy to put the country on the path of rapid growth and development. Agricultural development plan has been systematically implemented through the establishment of diverse policies for food self-sufficiency and by the nationwide organization of government officials, agricultural researchers, and the National Agricultural Cooperatives Federation. Park has envisioned an open and active defense and economic diplomacy. The national leader has started direct economic diplomacy to attract foreign investment for economic development, and the state has supported the entrepreneurs to attract private investors as well. Economic development was conceived in such a way that the nation's top leader, government officials, businesses and citizens united and led to great achievements. Park, Chung Hee set the anti-communism as a national policy and tried to strengthen anti-communism and system. He felt it important to know exactly what the communist nature was and to strengthen own national dense power to defeat any invasion. Park sought to maintain national defense power through the maintenance of 600,000 troops, the maintenance of US aid to defense expenditures, the strengthening of alertness against North Korean invasion, and active diplomatic efforts to strengthen ties with major allies worldwide. Park's unification strategy was aimed at achieving peaceful reunification led by South Korea by securing defense and economic superiority over North i.e. a policy to win North Korean communists (Seungkong). The reason for not envisioning unification through war while strengthening national defense power is derived from his belief that the tragedy of fratricidal war killing the same nation should never happen again. Park, Chung Hee's design for the modernization of the country was characterized by a elaborate and comprehensive plan to reform and develop all aspects of the people and the country. Park envisaged a full fledged national reforms and implemented the nation’s consciousness reforms as a national measure for the people who should take the leading role in the modernization of the country as well as moved the economic plan to actions for the development. The lesson learned from this study is that it is able to break through difficult times and conditions according to the capacity and will of the nation's leading leader who holds the rudder. If the government and the people can unite and cooperate with clear national goals, this literally means strong national power. It was also found that the spiritual power of the people is an important factor in making the future of the nation more positive and brighter, than any material conditions.