국내 고려인 귀환동포의 공간형성에 따른 에스닉 비즈니스 창업전략과 정체성의 특성 고찰-월곡동 고려인마을을 중심으로

임영언 조선대학교 국제문화연구원 2026 국제문화연구 Vol.19 No.1

The purpose of this study is to provide implications by analyzing the Korean language skills and identities of Koryeoin living in Wolgok-dong, Gwangsan-gu, through the process of formation of a Koryeoin village in Wolgok-dong and their living conditions. This study focuses on the Koryeoin who started to migrate to Korea after the 1990’s. The reason is that before and after the 1990’s, before moving to Korea, Koryeoins were placed in a situation in which they had to choose the identity of Russian-Koryeoin, and after moving to and living in Korea, they had to choose the identity of Koryeoin-Korean. The results of the study are as follows. First, the concentration of early Koryoin in Wolgok-dong occurred as they began to gather in the area due to its favorable opportunity structure, relatively low rental costs, and conditions suited to the characteristics of the group. This concentration facilitated the establishment of ethnic businesses and contributed to the expansion of the Koryoin village.Second, as a result of analyzing the Korean proficiency and demographic characteristics of Koryeoin, it was found that there were differences according to age, education level, number of years of residence, marital status, residence visa, and use of Russia. Third, as a result of analyzing the identity of Koryeoin according to demographic characteristics, it was found that there were significant differences according to age, place of birth, marital status, and number of resident families. Fourth, as a result of the analysis of Koryeoin identity, it was found that Koryeoin had a strong character of pursuing Korean identity while claiming that they were Koryeoin. This is also a very interesting part of how the expansion of the visible community in the Koryeoin village and the establishment of the invisible identity among the Koryeoin will emerge in the future. In conclusion, since this survey has many limitations, such as the number of samples and case studies, it is expected that detailed research on the identity change and existence method through confirmation of the accurate number of Koryeoin residents, gender and age-specific sampling will be conducted for the development of the Koryeoin village in the future.

재일코리안의 정체성 기반의 상징문화: 2 8독립선언과 6 25전쟁 참전 기념비를 중심으로

임영언 조선대학교 국제문화연구원 2015 국제문화연구 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study is to defines Japanese-Korean society's identity formation through historically significant meaning about 6 25 participation in war monument building with 2 8 Declaration of Independence monument. Method of this study is utilized of paper conducting interview investigation to bibliographic data and Japan-Korean student volunteer army survivors collecting at Japanese. This study finding are as follows. First, basic of spiritual base of Japanese-Korean society was formed in 2 8 independence movement and 6 25 participation in war. Second, these memorial became fetters of Japanese Korean nation's identity establishment inheriting 2 8 independent spirit. As a result, building of these monument strengthened relation with Japanese-Korean society and South Korea. This is thought that result from continuous the veterans diplomacy of the Korean Government.

재일청년 학도의용군 6・25전쟁 참전과정 분석과 보훈선양 방안 연구

임영언,박갑룡 한국보훈학회 2015 한국보훈논총 Vol.14 No.1

6․25전쟁 당시 조국을 구하고자 참전했던 재일동포 청년학도의 실상은 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구는 6․25전쟁에 참여한 재일청년 학도의용군의 참전과정을 분석하고, 이들에 대한 보훈선양 방안을 제시하는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 국내외 출간 자료들에 대한 내용분석을 시도하여, 재일청년 학도의용군의 모집과 참전과정, 귀환문제, 보훈과 선양사업을 역사학적인 관점에서 해석코자 하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 6․25전쟁 발발 당시 재일동포 사회는 극도의 혼란 속에 전쟁에 대한 시각이 민단과 총련(조련), 그리고 일본 내 공산당간 크게 달랐던 것으로 나타났다. 민단은 조국에 대한 위기의식, 총련은 축제 분위기로 북한의 승리를 예측하였다. 둘째, 6․25전쟁 발발 직후 재일동포 단체들은 조국을 전쟁의 위기에서 구하고자 한국정부-미군과 협의하여 재일청년 학도의용군을 모집하여 참전시켰다. 그러나 미군과의 사전협의 부족으로 전쟁 직후 재학군은 일본 귀환자와 미귀환자로 양분되었다. 이 문제는 미일 샌프란시스코 강화조약에 따른 한일 간 국적문제로 빚어진 또 하나의 비극이었고 오늘날까지 미해결 과제로 남아 있다. 셋째, 6․25전쟁 이후 한․일 양국에서 재일청년 학도의용군동지회가 결성되어 이후 보훈과 선양사업을 주도한 것으로 나타났다. 일본 귀환자의 경우 재일코리안 사회의 지도자가 되어 재일동포 사회의 정신적인 버팀목 역할을 담당하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구는 현재 고령화에 돌입한 재일청년 학도의용군에 대한 6․25전쟁 참전 기록물의 보존, 관리, 수집 연구의 긴급성을 제시하였다. 동시에 재일청년 학도의용군의 보훈과 선양사업 관련 몇 가지 방안에 대해 논의하였다. The Korean War broke out in the Korea Peninsula 64 years ago, but it is not known well to Korea society about history of Japanese-Korean students participants in the war. The purpose of this study is to grasp the Korean War tendency of Japanese-Korean and problem of participation in the war of Japanese-Korean Student Volunteer Force during the Korean War (JKSVF). The results of this study are as following: First, Japanese-Korean society Mindan, Chongryon, Japan Communist Party were in different confused situation during the korean War. Especially, positions and correspondence were complicated. Second, Japanese-Korean Student Volunteer Force during the Korean War(JKSVF) decided participation in war without hesitation for motherland that is confronted with crisis through the nation distinction that is no country from Japanese colonialism. Also, Japanese-Korean Student Volunteer Force during the Korean War (JKSVF) is divided into returnee and nonrepairate and remains by unresolved state until today after the Korean War. Third, Japanese-Korean Student Volunteer Force during the Korean War (JKSVF) organized the association after the war and took charge of spiritual leader's role of Japanese-Korean society. There are two outcomings of this study, first of all the lack of proper interest of Korean society on Japanese-Korean Student Volunteer Force and secondly, their spiritual inheritance succession is still insufficient.

日本政府の移民政策と母国帰還政策による日系人ネットワークの特殊性に関する研究

임영언,허성태 조선대학교 국제문화연구원 2013 국제문화연구 Vol.6 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate corporal punishment result whether had made some effect in plan of network building who person's cooperation live in Japan according to return policy enforcement that is Japanese government's plan after 1990. Japanese government have unfolded policy to replace because Japanese government flows in foreign workers expedient to solve labor shortage by low birthrate and aging populations society. But Japanese government revised Immigration Control Law in the 1990s and accepted labor power accommodation and an employment of simplicity function manpower field giving Nikkeijin domiciliation capacity. As a result, a plan is appeared that in JAPAN Nikkeijin community formed home beggar area that make limit laying stress on factory area and generates a lot of problems in network formation between them. This study finding are as follows. First, it is plan by policy of government and company and demand accepted most by factory labor, residential district is bounded factory labor’s area that much needed auto-component assembly factory, electronic goods assembly factory, musical instrument industry are massed. Second, Nikkeijin network was formed and was not spreaded to ethnic company according to residential district, because most were Dekkaseki factory labors moving according to Japanese government's demand. This study may be large to demonstrate in Korean society proceeding to multicultural society by analyzing whether make effect that is some in Japanese government's emigration accommodation for policy minority groups' house beggar and community formation conclusively. Hereafter, research task in plan as human work and same substances church network appear that may handle about the role of church on Nikkeijin society.

세계한상의 세대교체와 기업승계에 따른 차세대 한상대회 전망고찰

임영언,이장섭 한국동북아학회 2012 한국동북아논총 Vol.17 No.1

This study based on the questionnaire completed by participants of the 10th World Korean Business Convention from Nov. 2 to 4 in Bexco, Busan. It analyzed the current business succession status of the World Korean Businessmen, and tried to supply some implications for the future of the World Korean Business Convention. This study conducted two kinds of survey methods: field questionnaire and interview. The author participated in the 10th World Korean Business Convention directly, distributed the questionnaire to the participants of this convention and collected carefully. In order to grasp the business succession status of the overseas Korean society in the generation shift, more than 300 pieces of questionnaires were distributed, and around 100 pieces of them were collected to be analyzed. The regression results of this analysis are as follow: the age of these Overseas Korean Businessmen, the year of residing in the country and the year of starting the business which had a great influence on the decision of business succession, the process of business succession, the composition of the successor and the reason of changing business. In other words, the older Overseas Korean Businessmen who lived in the residing country for a long time and started their business for many years, they will take a great interest in deciding the successor, and the successor are usually their children or relatives. Meanwhile, they didn’t think about changing their business. This kind of survey result are mainly based on the 1st and 2nd generations of Overseas Korean Businessmen. With the shift of generation, the transition of business succession is becoming more and more significant, especially in the global era. It is expected to supply some implications for the entrance to the mainstream society and the limitation of ethnic business of the 3rd and the 4th Overseas Korean Businessmen. With the development of overseas Korean business during the generation shift, it will cause serious ethnic identity problems. If there are no solutions for these generation succession gap of overseas Koreans in the generation shift as well as the identity gap between the next generation and the home country, it is very possible that the World Korean Business Convention and the Korean Day will decline in ten years the same as the Overseas Japanese Business Convention that there are only small scale of fraternal communication communities. 이 연구는 2011년 부산 벡스코에서 열린 제10차 세계한상대회에 참가한 한상들을 대상으로 현장에서 설문조사를 실시하여 세계한상들의 세대교체에 따른 기업승계실태를 분석하여 차세대 한상대회 전망과 시사점을 제공하는데 있다. 이 연구의 조사방법론으로는 현지 설문조사와 면접조사를 실시하였다. 부산에서 열린 제10차 세계한상대회(World Korean Business Convention) 현장에서 직접 참여하여 세계한상들을 대상으로 설문조사표를 배포하고 현장에서 설문지에 기입하도록 부탁하여 수집하였다. 설문조사표는 동포사회의 세대교체 바람에 따라 차세대 한상(The Future Leaders of Global Koreans)들의 기업승계 실태를 파악하기 위해 한상대회 현장에서 총 300여부를 배포하여 약 100부가 수집되어 분석에 활용하였다. 이 연구의 회귀분석 결과를 제시하면 다음과 같다. 세계한상의 연령, 외국거주 연수, 기업의 창업연수는 기업승계의 결정, 기업승계 진척도, 후계자 구도, 업종 변경이유에 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 부연하면 세계한상의 경우 연령이 많고 현지거주국에서의 거주 햇수가 길며 창업한지 오래된 세계한상기업일수록 후계자의 결정에 많은 관심을 가지고 있고 후계자로서는 친척이나 자신의 자녀를 선택하는 경향이 강하며 향후 업종의 변경을 생각하고 있는 경우 세계한상의 자녀가 희망하지 않거나 후계자가 없기 때문이라고 응답하였다. 이러한 조사결과는 그동안 한인1세대와 한인2세대를 중심으로 한 세계한상들이 세대교체에 따른 기업승계의 전환기에 접어들었다는 것을 의미하며 글로벌 시대 한인3세대와 한인4세대들의 주류사회 편입과 급속한 사회변화에 적응하지 못하고 거주국에서 구시대적인 에스닉기업의 집중에 따른 제한된 업종에의 종사, 그리고 한상기업의 차세대 계승단절에 따른 심각한 민족정체성의 상실로 이어진다는 점을 시사하고 있다. 이러한 재외동포의 세대간 기업승계 단절, 그리고 차세대와 모국과의 정체성 단절의 근본적인 해결 없이 그대로 방치한다면 향후 10년 이내에 세계한상대회나 세계한인의 날은 일본의 일계인대회처럼 소규모 친목교류단체로 전락할 가능성이 상당히 클 것으로 전망된다.

日本における韓流文化の受容様相と経済的効果に関する研究

임영언,허성태 조선대학교 국제문화연구원 2012 국제문화연구 Vol.5 No.2

The purpose of this study was to overcome the limitations of previous studies on Korean wave, and tries to draw the evidence of Korean wave that affected on social and economic communication in Japanese society. The Korean wave in Japan that began in the late 1990s has entered different fields in many regions, cultural content diversified rapidly. The social and economic influence of Korean affected not only Japan but the whole world. The success of Korean cultural products in Japan was recognized as the economic and social value of Korea Wave. Therefore, not only the economic impact of Korean wave, but also its social value (social capital) are all the important factors, it is necessary to reassess the value of Korean wave. The results are as follows. First, because of the influence of Korean wave, it shows that the formation of Korean intimacy, Korean national image and the growing status of Korean Japanese. Second, this study shows that under the influence of Korean wave, there are many Japanese traveling to Korea, visiting to Korea and shopping in Korea. The survey in 2004 shows that before and after Korean wave, Japanese’s visiting to Korea was increasing steadily. Especially since 2005, Korean wave became popular in Japan, which caused Korean visiting increasing. Third, the results show that Korean wave has affected a lot in the social and economic fields of Japanese society. However, there is little influence in the political and historical as well as the Korean-Japanese problems, so late it is necessary to do some research and discussion in this field.

재일코리안 민족교육의 실태와 전망에 관한 고찰

임영언,김태영 한국일본문화학회 2014 日本文化學報 Vol.0 No.62

재일조선인의 정체성과 조선학교 북송운동의 전파 과정 고찰

임영언 전남대학교 글로벌디아스포라연구소 2017 전남대학교 세계한상문화연구단 국내학술회의 Vol.2017 No.12

디아스포라적 관점에서 본 북한-총련-일본 관계 연구

임영언,허성태 한국동북아학회 2013 한국동북아논총 Vol.18 No.1

In order to understand the global Diaspora in term of transnationalism, we shall pay attention to various experiences and political relationships on both home and host country. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the changes that Chongryeon (Chongryeon-North Korea-Japan) along a political economic situation of Diaspora is fluid, and to watch as a global era. The results of this study are as follows. First, from an issue in 1955, the key relations with Chongryeon and North Korea are ethnic education, return Japanese-Korean, North Korean Investment etc. Related main problems with North Korean and Japan has been carrying since 1990 until recent are Japanese violence by state relationship normalization, the Japanese kidnapping issue, nuclear weapons development suspicion, a missile discharge etc. As a result, Chongryeon were significantly withered and de-ethnification in Japan. Second, the most important variables for the related changes with Chongryeon-North Korea-Japan are ethnic education assistance and Japanese kidnapping issue. Finally, a global era, Chongryeon is put to an alternative situation called ethnic deviation by de-ethnification and trans-boundaries. Consequently, now it is necessary to general adjustment of an interest of the Korean government regarding Chongryeon and overseas Koreans’ policy. This study accepts it is essential of strategic re-evaluation of the Chongryeon to be able to share ethnic assets as Korean Diaspora. 초국적 글로벌시대 재일코리안 디아스포라를 정확히 이해하기 위해서는 그들의 정치적, 경제적, 사회적 주변화는 물론이고 모국과 거주지에서의 다양한 경험과 정치적 맥락에 주목할 필요가 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 재일코리안 디아스포라의 정치적 경제적 상황에 따른 총련(총련-북한-일본)의 유동적 변화에 주목하여 21세기 총련의 글로벌 위상을 정립하고자하는데 있다. 1955년 이후 총련과 북한과의 관계에 있어서 가장 밀접한 관련이 있는 핵심적인 사항은 민족교육지원, 북송문제, 합변투자문제 등을 들 수 있다. 북일 관계는 1990년 초기부터 최근까지 진행되어온 북일국교정상화교섭, 일본인 납치문제와 핵개발 의혹 및 미사일발사 등으로 인하여 총련사회 전체에 대한 일본인의 비난과 이지메사건 등으로 이어지게 되었다. 이에 따라 과거에 비해 동포사회에서 총련의 위상과 영향력이 추락하고 탈민족화 현상이 뚜렷한 것으로 나타났다. 이렇게 볼 때 큰 틀에서의 북한-총련-일본과의 관계 변화에 있어서 가장 중요한 변수는 민족교육지원 차원의 총련의 북한원조, 북한의 일본인 납치문제에 의한 총련의 위기의식 고조로 대변된다. 결론적으로 글로벌시대 총련은 형성과정과 단체의 특수성을 감안할 때 탈민족화와 탈경계화의 격랑에 휩싸여 ‘조국지향’과 ‘민족이탈’이라는 중간지대의 디아스포라적 상황에 처해있다. 1945년 해방 이후 한반도의 특수한 상황 속에서 줄곧 디아스포라적 위치에 천착해 온 총련에 대한 한국정부의 특별한 관심과 재외동포정책에 대한 전반적인 제고가 필요한 시점이다. 이 연구는 그동안 다소 소홀했던 총련과 북한(북한-총련-일본)과의 관계를 고찰했다는 점에서 의미가 있다. 하지만 일본 현지 자료수집과 분석상 어느 정도 한계를 지니고 있다. 향후 이러한 한계를 극복하는 연구를 통해 그들을 한민족디아스포라로서 포용하고 민족자산을 함께 공유할 수 있도록 총련의 글로벌 위상을 새롭게 정립해야 할 것으로 생각된다.

재일코리안 청소년의 민족 정체성 (Ethnic Identity)에 관한 연구

임영언,김태영 한국일본문화학회 2008 日本文化學報 Vol.0 No.36