소설 「페테르부르그」의 라이트모티프 연구

이현숙 서울대학교 러시아연구소 2006 러시아연구 Vol.16 No.1

А. БеJIый развивает смысл 'символа', ВКJПOчая в себе понятие 'спирали'. По Белому, спираль представляет собой истинное движение времени. Так, Белый воплщает идею спирали в своем романе «Петербург». Описание пейзажа в романе Белого «Петербург» развивается лейтмотивами воды, камня и цветной символики, Так, вода в романе относится к климатическим элементам, как Нева, болото, туман, дождь и др, В пейзаже города Петербурга мотив воды варьируется на 'мокрый', 'туманный', 'изморось' и т,д, Этилейтмотивы климата переносятся в бользнь, из-за которой петербуржцы страдают лихорадкой, Эта болезнь имеет смысл греха в Петербурге, Так, мотивводы развивается на разных уровнях, имея образ стихии, которая угрожает само существо Петерубрга. В романе «Петербург» камень является феноменом не природы, а культуры. В искусственном городе Петербурге камень символизирует российскую империю. Мотив камня сочетается с мотивом статуи, и становится символом зла Петербурга, которое давит островскую бедноту, Однако, 'каменный бородач' в учреждении ассоцируется с Петром I, и при этом Белый дает ему образ вечности, В цветовой символике Петербурга, цвет зеленый связывается с историей Петербурга до Петера, и имеет образ болота, как неисчерпанной силы стихии. ивет желтый - это цвет города Петербурга, с одной стороны, а является символом панмонголизма, с другой, Красный цвет относится к революции, потом связывается с безумием в романе, Серый-черный описывает мрачную атмосферу Петербурга и мертвые лица его жителей. Так, все эти лейтмотивы воды, камня и цветов в романе рзавиваются, варьируются и сливаются в одну тему - мертвенность и призрачность Петербурга, при этом показывается эсхатологический образ города. В «Петербурге» лейтмотив как прием повествования имеет значение в том,что этот прием воплощает идею спирали, с одной, и дает понятию символа смысл движения, с другой. в символе Белого сочетается форма с движением, и теперь символу можно преодолеть нигилизм 'вечного возвращения'. Так, Белый создает новое понятие символа как миропонимания, с котором можно создать жизнь.

莖頂培養 천궁유묘의 器內발근과 포장정식기별 根莖生育

정재동,이현숙,김창길 慶北大學校農業科學技術硏究所 1997 慶北大農學誌 Vol.15 No.-

주요 藥用作物中의 하나로 울릉도와 영양등 경북 북부지역에서 많이 재배되고 있는 일천궁의 種根生産을 목적으로 莖頂培養 幼苗에 있어서 단기간내의 器內發根 배지구명과 포장정식 시기에 따른 지상부 및 근경생육을 알아보기 위하여 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 莖頂培養을 통해 생산된 유묘의 효과적인 發根培地는 IBA 1.0 mg/L와 BA 0.05 mg/L를 혼용처리한 것이 배양 30일 후 81%가 발근하여 가장 좋았으며 根數가 9개 이상인 배양묘를 기외이식하고 75% 차광하에 두었을때 생존율이 67%로 높았다. 포장 정식시기를 4月 20日, 5月 5日, 6月 10日, 7月 5日로 하여 정식하였을 때 5月 5日 정식한 幼苗가 生存率 72%, 초장 33cm, 줄기수 47개로 지상부 생육이 가장 좋았고, 지하부의 근경생육은 5월 5일로 정수록 根莖形成率은 높은 편이었으나 根莖數와 무게는 다소 적었다. This studies were conducted to improve the root formation of plantlet derived from shoot tip culture and to evaluate the optium transplanting date of Cnidium officinale Makino in field. The rooting rate of shoot-tip derived plantlets was 81% on media containing 1.0 mg/L IBA and 0.05 mg/L BA within 30 days after culture. Upon transfer into potting soil, the seedling grown well under 75% shading. Optimal transplanting date on taking roots and rhizome growth was May 5 in field.

일 대학 병원 마취 · 회복실 간호사의 간호활동 분석

강윤경,김경미,김연이,박혜옥,서광희,송숙녀,이현숙,조의영 대한간호행정학회 2006 간호행정학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Purpose: This study was aimed to specify roles of nurses from the anesthesia and recovery room by analyzing nursing activities as well as anesthesia nursing during surgery. Method: The objects were 12 RNs working in the recovery room of a university hospital located in Incheon. Self-report was performed by measuring stop-watch for five days from May 17th to May 21st in 2004. Research method was designed to record the time and frequency of the nursing activity from anesthesia and recovery room based on nurses' statement and other references for five days. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and t-test via SPSS Win 10.0 program. Result: Nursing activities in anesthesia recovery room were classified into two different characteristics such as direct and indirect nursing activity. The activities consisted of 11 direct nursing areas and 39 nursing activities in anesthesia preparation room. The indirect nursing was classified into 8 nursing areas and 32 nursing activities. The direct nursing was classified into 12 nursing areas and 55 nursing activity. Also, the indirect nursing was classified into 7 nursing areas and 21 nursing activities in recovery room. In terms of prevalence of nursing activities in the anesthesia preparation room, observation and cooperation of anesthesia was the most prevalent activity, drug and eqipment management the second prevalent, and drug administration the third. On the other hand, in the recovery room, the most prevalent activity was vital sign checking and observation, the second most prevalent activity informative activity, and the third body temperature control. Nursing activity time was recorded according to the nursing characteristics. In the anesthesia preparation room, the direct nursing spent for 8092.20 minutes was larger than the indirect nursing spent for 7198.50 minutes. Also, in the recovery room, the direct nursing spent for 2361.16 minutes was larger than the indirect nursing spent for 1134.13 minutes. 4. Nursing activity time was compared to duty shifts. In the anesthesia preparation room, the direct nursing was more prevalent on day shift and the indirect nursing was prevalent on evening shift. However, in the recovery room, both direct and indirect nursing activities were prevalent on day shift. Conclusion: The role of anesthesia and recovery room nurses was analysed according to the time, frequency, and its characteristics.

시스템 다이내믹스를 이용한 간호단위별 간호인력 산정에 관한 연구

김문실,성영희,권경자,김도형,김정아,신덕신,유인자,유재국,이현숙 병원간호사회 2006 임상간호연구 Vol.11 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to forecast manpower by building the nursing manpower-staffing model(surgical-medical nursing unite). Method: The system dynamics approach was adapted to build a simulation model for calculating medical-surgical nursing manpower-staffing. The model was built up on Venism 5.0b DSS. Result: The results in the basic circumstance are in following. The level of nursing service quality, patientsatisfaction, and nurse job satisfaction maintains higher at medical-surgical nursing unit of the tertiary hospitals with the ratio of bed to nurse 2.5:1-3.0:1 than at any other situations. The level of nursing service quality, patient satisfaction, and nurse job satisfaction maintains higher at madical nursing unit of the secontary hospotals with the ratio of bed to nurse 3.0:1 and at surgical nursing unit of the secondary hospitals with the ratio of bed to nurse 3.0:1-3.5:1 than at any other situations in the fundamental from. The results in the simulation circumstance are in following, As author raises the operating rate of bed into 95-100%, and cut skilled nursing staff down, the level of nursing-service quality, patient satisfaction, and nurse job satisfaction drops slightly. Conclusion: In terms of economic efficiency on tertiary hospotals, the ratio of bed to nurse for the best reasonable medical-surgical nursing manpower-staffing is 3.0:1. In terms of economic efficiency on secondary hospitals, the ratio of bed to nurse for the best reasonable medical nursing manpower-staffing is 3.0:1 and surgical nursing manpower-staffing is 3.5:1