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반편견 교육활동이 장애에 대한 유아의 태도 및 상호작용에 미치는 영향
신용희 중앙대학교 교육대학원 2006 국내석사
본 연구의 목적은 반편견 교육활동이 장애에 대한 유아의 태도 및 상호작용에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 있다. 본 연구의 목적에 따른 연구 문제는 다음과 같다. 연구문제 1: 반편견 교육활동의 실시 여부에 따라 유아들의 장애에 대한 태도는 변화하는가? 연구문제 2: 반편견 교육활동의 실시 여부에 따라 장애유아와 일반유아의 상호작용은 변화하는가? 위와 같은 연구문제를 검증하기 위해 경기도 안양시에 위치한 A유치원의 만 4세 유아 42명(실험집단 21명, 비교집단 21명)을 대상으로 연구를 실시하였다. 본 연구에서는 장애유아에 대한 태도를 증진시키기 위해 실험집단에 반편견 교육활동을 실시하였다. 또한 장애유아와 일반유아와의 상호작용의 변화를 알아보기 위해 실험집단에 반편견 교육활동을 실시하면서 동시에 자유선택활동 30분 동안 장애유아를 통합하여 교육하였다. 활동실시 여부에 따른 차이를 알아보기 위해 Favazza와 Odom(1995)이 제작한 「유아용 수용척도」(Acceptance Scale for Kindergartners : ASK) 와 Esposito와 Pesch(1983)의 Primary Student Survey of Handicapped Persons(PSSHP)을 참고로 하여 김현정(1997)이 수정.첨삭하여 제작한 질문지를 다시 수정.보완하여 폐쇄형 질문과 유아들의 사고의 변화를 자세히 알기 위한 개방형 질문들을 사전검사와 사후검사에 사용하였다. 장애유아와 일반유아의 상호작용의 변화를 알아보기 위해 실험집단을 대상으로 장애유아와의 상호작용을 관찰한 뒤 HolloWay와 Reichhart-Erichkson(1988)의 관찰목록표 중 ‘또래와의 상호작용’항목을 기록하였다. 본 연구에서 설정한 연구문제를 검증하기 위하여 사후검사 결과에 대한 실험집단과 비교집단의 평균치와 표준편차를 토대로 두 집단 간의 차이를 t검증하였고, 분석 결과는 SPSS로 전산처리 하였다. 이러한 연구과정을 거쳐 이루어진 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 반편견 교육활동은 장애유아에 대한 일반유아의 장애수용태도 변화에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 장애유아에 대한 태도의 하위요인인 장애개념, 장애친구와의 상호작용의도, 장애친구에 대한 인식 모두에서 높은 점수를 받았다. 그러므로 반편견 교육활동이 일반유아의 장애유아에 대한 수용태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다고 볼 수 있다. 둘째, 반편견 교육활동의 실시 여부에 따른 장애유아와 일반유아의 상호작용의 변화를 살펴본 결과 반편견 교육활동을 실시함에 따라 장애유아와 일반유아의 상호작용에는 긍정적인 변화가 나타났다. 일반유아와 장애유아 모두 실험 초기에는 부정적 상호작용의 발생빈도가 높았으나 실험후기로 갈수록 친사회적 행동이나 대화하기, 미소.웃음보이기, 제안하기의 긍정적 상호작용이 많이 나타났고 계속 지속되었다.
노인학대의 실태와 대책에 관한 연구 : 대전광역시를 중심으로
신용희 한남대학교 지역개발대학원 2002 국내석사
학대유형별로 노인학대의 실태를 파악하고, 노인의 일반적 특성에 따른 노인학대의 차이를 알아봄으로써 노인학대의 대처방안을 마련하고자 한다. 이를 통해 노인의 삶의 질을 제고시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 하는데 목적이 있다.2478811 따라서 대전광역시 소재의 경로당 및 복지관, 노인정을 이용하는 65세 이상 남녀노인 288명을 무작위 표본 추출한 결과를 분석해 보았다. 분석 결과 첫째, 유형별 학대경험은 정신적 학대가 49.3%로 가장 많았으며 다음으로 방임 48.6%, 경제적 학대 47.2%, 언어적 학대 44.1%, 신체적 학대가 9.4%로 나타났으며, 노인들의 노인보호시설 입소의향은 62.2%로 나타났다. 둘째, 신체적 학대의 형태는 물건으로 때리거나 때리는 것처럼 위협을 한다가 44.4%, 손으로 밀어 넘어뜨리다가 18.5%로 신체적 학대의 주류를 이루고 있었으며, 결혼상태, 경제상태에서 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 정신적 학대의 형태는 가족들로부터 함께 살기를 싫어하는 느낌을 받았다는 응답이 26.8%로 가장 많았고 다음이 가족들로부터 소외당하는 느낌을 받는 적이 있다가 23.2%로 조사되었으며, 결혼상태, 경제상태, 학력, 종교별 유의미한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 경제적 학대의 형태는 돈에 대해서는 언급하지 않는다가 39.0%로 가장 많았고 다음이 용돈을 주지 않거나 너무 적게 준다가 27.9%로 나타났으며, 혼인상태, 경제상태, 학력별에서 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 언어적 학대의 형태는 뒤에서 나에 대한 흉을 본다가 44.9%로 가장 많았고 다음이 심한 말로 자존심을 건드린다가 41.7%로 나타났으며, 경제상태, 결혼상태, 학력별과 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 여섯째, 방임의 형태는 무슨 일을 하든지 모른 척 한다가 46.4% 어르신의 의사와 무관하게 집안 일을 결정한다가 27.1%로 나타났고, 경제상태, 성별, 결혼상태, 종교와 유의미한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면, 신체적 학대를 제외한 모든 유형의 학대에서 공통적으로 경제상태가 좋지 않았고, 건강상태가 나쁠수록, 학력이 무학일수록, 결혼상태가 좋지 않을수록, 가족관계가 나쁠수록 학대경험이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 학대 경험시에 남자 74.8%, 여자 69.4% 신고할 의향이 있고, 대상은 사회복지사가 22.2%로 가장 많은 비중을 차지하였으며, 그 다음으로는 행정기관에 20.5%로, 가족 19.1%, 성직자 17.0% 순으로 나타났다. 이는 동사무소, 복지관, 경로당에 있는 사회복지사들의 역할을 말해 주고있으며, 인지도가 높아졌음을 알 수 있다. 또한 노인보호시설에 입소할 의향이 있는 노인이 62.2%로 가장 많았으며, 다음으로는 잘 모르겠다 23.6%, 입소하지 않겠다 14.2% 순으로 나타났다. 신체적 학대경험이 있는 노인이 입소하겠다 70.4%로 가장 많았고, 다음으로는 방임학대 노인이 65.7%, 경제적 학대 노인이 64.7%, 언어적 학대 노인이 64.6%, 정신적 학대 노인이 61.3%로 나타났다. The present study attempts to examine the conditions of elder abuse by its patterns; investigate the differences in the abuse dependent on the general characteristics of the individual aged person, and; consider measures to counter elder abuse. The purpose is to propose plans to enhance the quality of aged people's life based on these considerations. For this purpose, a survey was conducted to 288 randomly sampled male/female elders above 65 years of age who use recreational halls, social halls, and welfare institutions for the aged located in Daejeon metropolitan city. And, then, the survey result was analyzed. The result of the analysis is as follows: 1) Experiences of Abuse by its Patterns: The highest number of them experienced emotional abuse (49.3%), and the next frequent abuses are neglect (48.6%), financial abuse (47.2%), verbal abuse (44.1%), and physical abuse (9.4%). 62.2% of the respondents wanted to live in the care centers for the aged. 2) The Forms of Physical Abuse: The major forms of physical abuse are beating with an abject, or intimidating by pretending to beat (44.4%), and pushing down with hands (18.5%). There are significant differences in the forms of physical abuse dependent on the respondent's marriage conditions, and finacial ability. 3) The Forms of Emotional Abuse: 26.8% of the aged responded that they felt the rest of the family didn't want to live with them. 23.2% said they had felt they were alienated by the family. There are significant differences in the forms of emotional abuse dependent on the respondent's marriage conditions, financial ability, education, and religion. 4) The Forms of Financial Abuse: Never mentioning about money was the method of financial abuse reported by 39.0% of the respondents. Not giving money or giving too little money was the next frequent answer (27.9%). There seems to be significant differences in the forms of financial abuse dependent on the respondent's marriage conditions, financial ability, and education. 5) The Forms of Verbal Abuse: Speaking ill of the aged when they were not there (44.9%) and hurting their self-respect using abusive language (41.7%) were the major forms of verbal abuse. There seems to be significant differences in the forms of verbal abuse dependent on the respondent's financial ability, marriage conditions, and education. 6) The Forms of Neglect: Ignoring whatever they were doing (46.4%), and making family decisions without having their opinions (27.1%) were the major forms of neglect. There are significant differences in the forms of neglect dependent on their financial ability, gender, marriage conditions, and religion. In summary, the survey result shows that in all the patterns of abuse, except for physical one, the respondents have more experiences of abuse as they don't have much financial ability; aren't healthy; don't have education; have an unhappy marriage, and; have bad family relationships. At the time of abuse, the respondents have an intention to report it (74.8% of male, and 69.4% of female respondents). The person or institution, to whom they want to report the case of elder abuse is a welfare worker (22.2%), an administrative agency (20.5%), the family (19.1%), and a priest (17.0%). This response reveals the roles of social welfare workers working in dong offices, welfare institutions, and recreational halls for the aged, and shows that they now have a high recognition of the welfare workers, Additionally, to the questions asking about their intention to live in care facilities for the aged, 62.2% of the respondents said they would; 23.6% said they didn't know, and; 14.2% said they wouldn't. 70.4% of the aged who had experienced a physical abuse wanted to live in the facility. The residental care in those facilities was favored by 65.7% of those who experienced a neglect abuse; 64.7%, a financial abuse; 64.6%, a verbal abuse, and; 61.3%, an emotional abuse.
롤투롤 스퍼터를 이용하여 성막한 비정질 ISO 기반 ISO/Ag/ISO 다층 투명 전극의 특성 연구
신용희 경희대학교 일반대학원 2014 국내석사
In this thesis, we have investigated the electrical, optical, structural properties of amorphous ISO-based ISO/Ag/ISO multilayer electrodes grown by Roll-to-Roll(RTR) sputtering system. Before fabrication of ISO/Ag/ISO multilayer, we optimized the ISO film on PET substrate. It was found that electrical and optical properties of the flexible ISO films were critically dependent on the direct current power applied to the ISO target during RTR sputtering. We obtained optimized flexible ISO film with a sheet resistance of 144.4 Ω/square and an optical transparency of 81.21 % at a wavelength of 550 nm. At optimized condition, we fabricated ISO/Ag/ISO multilayer on flexible PET substrate. Due to the anti-reflection effect, the ISO/Ag/ISO/PET exhibited a high transmittance of 86.33 % at the 550 nm wavelength region and a resistivity of 3.679 × 10^-5 Ω-cm, even though the ISO/Ag/ISO multi-layer electrode was prepared at room temperature. The metallic conductivity of the ISO/Ag/ISO electrode indicates that its electrical conductivity is dominated by the nano-scale Ag metal layer. In addition, flexible OSCs fabricated on optimized ISO/Ag/ISO multi-layer electrodes with Ag thicknesses of 10 nm and ISO thickness of 40 nm showed power conversion efficiency (3.294 %). This result indicates that the amorphous ISO based ISO/Ag/ISO films is a promising transparent amorphous anode material apt for flexible OSCs. Second, the effects of Ar ion beam treatment on the electrical, optical, and mechanical properties of flexible Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) films grown on colorless polyimide by RTR sputtering was investigated. Effective Ar ion beam treatment on ITO films led to the reduction of sheet resistance without degradation of optical transmittance of ITO films even though they were prepared at room temperature. In addition, Ar ion beam treatment resulted in crystallization of the RTR-sputtered ITO films without intentional substrate heating. At optimized conditions, the Ar ion beam treated ITO film showed a sheet resistance of 54.6 Ω/square and an optical transmittance of 80.1% . 본 연구에서는 연속성막이 가능한 Roll-to-Roll(RTR) 스퍼터를 이용하여 성막한 고투과 저저항의 플렉시블 광전 소자 적용이 가능한 비정질 ISO 단일막과 ISO/Ag/ISO 다층 투명 전극을 개발하였다. 이러한 RTR 스퍼터 장치를 이용하여 ISO 단일막과 ISO/Ag/ISO 다층 투명 전극의 전기적, 광학적, 구조적, 표면적 특성을 최적화 하여 고품위 플렉시블 광전 소자에 적용이 가능한 고품위 플렉시블 투명 전극 성막 공정을 진행하였다. 본 연구를 통해 비정질 ISO 단일막의 경우 상온에서 별도의 열처리 없이 144.4 Ω/square, 81.21 %의 높은 전기적, 광학적 특성을 가지는 우수한 투명 전극을 제작하는데 성공하였으며 최적화된 단일막을 기반으로 ISO/Ag/ISO 다층 투명 전극을 제작하여 최적 조건에서 5.256 Ω/square의 낮은 저항과 86.33 %의 높은 투과도를 가지는 Oxide/Metal/Oxide구조의 다층 박막을 성막할 수 있었다. ISO/Ag/ISO 다층 투명 전극은 삽입된 Ag층에 의해 면저항과 비저항이 단일 ISO에 비해 매우 낮은 값을 나타내었고, 금속 Ag가 삽입되었음에도 불구하고 가시광선 영역에서 85% 이상의 우수한 투과도를 나타내었으며 Ag층의 두께가 증가함에 따라 면저항과 비저항은 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 뿐만 아니라 개발된 다층 구조의 투명 전극은 산화물에 비하여 높은 Strain failure를 가진 금속에 삽입으로 인해 반복적인 기판 휨 특성 평가에도 저항에 변화가 없는 매우 우수한 Flexibility 특성을 나타내었다. 최종적으로 개발된 플렉시블 투명 전극의 유기 태양전지 적용을 통해 본 실험을 통해 최적화 된 다층 투명 전극이 차세대 플렉시블 광전 소자용 투명 전극으로써의 높은 활용 가능성을 확인하였다. 다음으로 플렉시블 투명 전극을 구현하기 위하여 연속 성막이 가능한 RTR 스퍼터 시스템을 이용하여 고분자 CPI 기판상에 ITO 투명 전극을 성막하고 열처리 없이 이온 건을 이용하여 In-situ로 Ar 이온 빔을 조사하여 Micro-crystalline 구조의 ITO 성막 실험을 진행하였다. XRS 분석을 통하여 Ar 이온 빔에 의한 ITO의 결정성이 증가하는 것을 확인하였고 이로 인하여 전기적 특성이 이온 빔 처리를 하지 않은 ITO의 경우 114.2 Ω/square의 면저항에서 최적 조건인 이온 건에 100 W의 파워를 인가하였을 때 54.6 Ω/square의 면저항을 나타내었다. 또한 플렉시블 유기 태양전지에 적용하여 그 성능을 평가하였으며 플렉시블 광전 소자로의 활용 가능성을 확인하였다.
지역사회 사회적 자본이 노인의 우울감에 미치는 영향 연구
A Study on the Influence of Community Social Capital on the Elderly Depression Shin, Yong-Hee Dept. of Public Administration Graduate School, Daejeon University (Directed by Prof. Kwak, Hyon Kun, Ph. D) This thesis is to identify influential factors related to community social capital on the elderly depression beyond social support of the families and friends, and investigate residential factors to influence community social capital. For it, it carries out literature review and empirical analysis. For an empirical analysis, a questionnaire survey was implemented for the old residents in Daejeon Metropolitan City and Borung City. The screened 321 data were used for final analysis including factor analysis and multiple regression model. The factor analysis shows community social capital as independent variable on the elderly depression is classified four dimensions such as participation on community organization, participation on public elderly facilities, ties with neighbors, neighborhood attachment. In terms of social support, multiple regression result shows that family and friend support have statistically significant influence on the elderly depression. It also appears that ties with neighbors and participation on public elderly facilities significantly affect the elderly depression. In terms of residence-related variables to explain community social capital, home ownership and length of stay in neighborhood appear to influence participation on public elderly facilities. On the other hand, home ownership, residential type and length of stay in neighborhood turn out to have statistically significant influence on ties with neighbors. Based on the above results, policy implications are provided such as expansion of public elderly facilities, investment for residential stability of the elderly, connection of the role of old people in neighborhood with community building effort, and strengthening social support of families and friends. The limitation of the study and future study direction are provided as conclusion.
콘서트 觀覽티켓 購買意思決定要因과 觀覽客의 라이프스타일 分析硏究
In this study, I have tried to find out the interrelation of the behavioral characters among audiences listening to the concert focusing on their life styles in Busan area. First, I have tried to find out purchasing decision the concert tickets and facts of the purchasing decision according to the groups after analyzing the life styles of the audiences and then I have tried to research strategies of the culture marketing intended for the selected audiences. Moreover, I have compared the viewing characteristics of the concert of the audiences in the Busan area with those of the another areas after analyzing the concerts having been held at the concert halls around Busan in 2000. In the study, I have collected 217 data. The results of the analysis of the characteristics of the audiences' purchasing behavior and their different life styles were the conservative and cautious group and progressive and culture-oriented group. 38 percent of the respondents stood about 2 or 3 times per year, weekends were preferred according to the analysis of the respondents by days. Among respondents, some went to the concerts because of their love of music and others couldn't go the concert because of lack of time as a whole. They had various standards for their visiting the concert such as improvement of their knowledge in music, the list of the music being played and their preference. They gathered the information about the concert by the pamphlet and poster. They had nothing to do with the performers whether they were natives or foreigners. Vocal music and orchestra stood in their favorite music for about half of the concerts. Most of the respondents went to the concerts with their friends and they had considerably great in the concert. The result of the analysis were the conservative-cautious group and progressive and culture-oriented group according to their various life styles and the latter group was high in number. According to the result of analysis about the characteristics of the facts of the purchase decision, the case of 'no interest' and 'little interest' were high for the conservative-cautious group and the case of 'average' and 'high' were relatively high for the progressive and culture-oriented group. In the case of the frequency, 'almost never visit' for the conservative-cautious group and 'twice a month' for the progressive and culture-oriented group were most. In the case of visiting days, 'Monday and Wednesday' for the conservative-cautious group and 'Tuesday and Friday' for the progressive and culture-oriented group were most and 'Sunday' for the two group stood the almost equality. In the case of the reasons visiting the concert, 'vitality for life' and 'recommendation by friend' for the conservative-cautious group and 'having invitation ticket' and 'loving music' for the progressive and culture-oriented group stood high in number. In the case of not going concert, 'having no experience' for the conservative-cautious group and 'having no preference' and 'absence of the various program' for the progressive and culture-oriented group stood relatively high. In the case of companion, 'alone or with family' for the conservative-cautious group and 'with friend' or 'with friend' or 'with a sweetheart' for the progressive and culture-oriented group stood high. In the case of the standard of choice, the conservative-cautious group highly depended on 'popularity' and the progressive and culture-oriented group 'a musical program' and 'preference'. In the case of the route of the gathering information, 'friend' and ' pamphlet' for the conservative-cautious group and 'poster' for the progressive and culture-oriented group mainly. In the case of the kinds of the concerts, 'piano and instrumental music' for the conservative-cautious group and 'vocal music and orchestra' for the progressive and culture-oriented group stood high. In the case of performer-preference, 'foreigner' for the conservative-cautious group stood high but the progressive and culture-oriented group made no difference between foreigner and native. In the case of the preferred music, the conservative-cautious group had no interest in the kinds of the concerts but the progressive and culture-oriented group preferred both pure music and popular music relatively. According to the groups, in the case of the establishment of the concert hall and the incidental facilities, the progressive and culture-oriented group had relatively a great interest, in the case of the characteristics of population statistics, the progressive and culture-oriented group showed 'male' high and 'female' for the conservative-cautious group stood a little high in the distribution map of sex. In the case of the standard of education, the conservative-cautious group showed relatively low and the progressive and culture-oriented group high. In the case of the vocation, 'office worker' and 'homemaker' for the conservative-cautious group and 'student' and 'professional musician' for the progressive and culture-oriented group, according to the residential types 'a Korean-style house' for the conservative-cautious group and 'an apartment and a Western-style house for the progressive and culture-oriented group. Lastly, by the result of the analysis of the 426 concerts having been held in 2000 according to the contents, months, days and places, vocal music(chorus) and instrumental music(chamber music, trio, woodwind) stood high in number, October and May, Tuesday, Thursday and Friday, Busan Culture Center Main Hall, Busan Culture, Center Medium Hall and Garam Art Hall stood high in good order. In conclusion, on the basis of the actual proof of the study we can contrive activation of culture marketing by gathering the contents of the concerts according to the groups and by gathering differentiated positioning. Moreover, after making adequate marketing plans for the both groups and carrying out them, we can make form trust among a concert planner, concert performers and concert audiences, and through their partnership we can contrive activation of culture marketing. This will not only cause the public to be the base for the culture of the public performance but also solidify the footing of cultural industry through the extension of the cultural market for the public performance. As a result, cultural industry for the public performance will be enriched by the inflow with the high-leveled human resources into the market.