정조(正祖)의 「상림십경(上林十景)」으로 본 동궐(東闕) 후원에 펼쳐진 위정(爲政)과 감흥(感興)의 이념경관

노재현,김홍균,정푸름 국립문화유산연구원 2024 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.57 No.4

본 연구는 조선 22대 왕인 정조가 동궐 후원의 아름다운 경관 10곳을 추려 지은 칠언절구의 한시 「상림십경」을 경관 텍스트로 하여 시에 담긴 경관의미와 상징성을 분석·해석한 것이다. 「상림십경」과 <동궐도>를 기본 텍스트로, 관련 도형 사료와의 비교 분석 및 고찰을 통해 표제어와 제영시의 내용을 검토하는 한편 정조의 「상림십경」 표제어와 제영시를 중심으로 숙종과 순조 그리고 익종의 그것과 비교 고찰하는 등 문헌 및 도형 사료와 현장 조사를 병행하는 방식으로 연구를 진행하였다. 「상림십경」에 묘사된 장소와 행위는 시대를 관통하는 위정과 감흥의 중층적 사고가 뚜렷이 투영되고 있음을 발견할 수 있었다. 「상림십경」에는 후원에서의 아름다운 정경과 사시가흥(四時佳興)이 담겨있을 뿐 아니라 군왕으로 마음가짐이나 위정자로서의 통치철학과 의지가 담겨있음을 발견할 수 있다. 「상림십경」은 통치행위의 일환으로 권농(勸農)과 친잠(親蠶), 사예(射藝), 시사(試士) 참관 등의 군신화합을 도모하기 위한 역동성 시적 언어로 충일하고 있으며 한편으로는 자연친화(自然親和)와 물아일체(物我一體)의 감흥 속에서 선왕에 대한 회고(懷古), 연꽃 감상(賞蓮), 유상곡수(流觴曲水), 관화(觀花), 선유(仙遊), 월경(月景)과 설경(雪景) 감상 등 군자다운 감흥의 시적 언어로 충만하다. 이는 왕 또는 왕위 계승권자의 일관성 있게 지니고 있는 정치·경제·사회·종교 등의 내면적 관념 행태와 의식 행태를 반영한 이데올로기적 경관 상징성과도 궤를 같이하고 있다. 「상림십경」이 형성되고 향유되는 과정에서의 의미 체계화는 특정 문화집단의 사회적 맥락에 따라 독특한 방식으로 이루어진다는 점을 상기할 때, 정조의 「상림십경」은 백성의 번영과 복지를 대변하는 동시에 군왕의 유흥과 감흥 그리고 수양을 지향한 왕실 이데올로기의 응축(凝縮)이다. 요컨대 「상림십경」은 조선시대 문화의 가치체계, 이상(理想)과 염원으로 문화의 집합적 의식, 그 저변을 형성하는 철학과 자기인식에 관한 의미에 충만한 이념적 경관으로 그 속에 담긴 경관은 물리적 표현뿐만 아니라 진정한 군왕으로서의 통치적 지향점과 염원을 담는 이념적 경관이라 할 만하다. This study analyzed and interpreted the landscape meaning and symbolism contained in the seven-character quatrain 「Sangnim Sipgyeong」 written by King Jeongjo, the 22nd king of the Joseon Dynasty, which selected ten beautiful landscapes in the rear garden of Donggwol. The study examined the contents of the title and the poem through comparative analysis and examination with related graphic materials using 「Sangnim Sipgyeong」 and <Donggwoldo> as the basic references. Then, it compared and examined the title and the poem of Jeongjo’s 「Sangnim Sipgyeong」 with those of Sukjong, Sunjo, and Ikjong, thereby conducting the research in a manner that parallels literature graphic materials and field investigations. The study reveals that the landscapes, settings, and activities described in 「Sangrim Sipgyeong」 vividly reflect the multi-dimensional thinking of governance and inspiration relevant to that era. The poem not only showcases the natural beauty and seasonal delights of the rear garden, but also reflects the king’s philosophical stance as a ruler. It encapsulates his governing principles and intentions. The dynamic poetic language of 「Sangrim Sipgyeong」 emphasizes the harmony between ruler and subjects, with references to activities such as farming, silkworm breeding, archery, and observing the civil service exam as essential aspects of governance. Simultaneously, the poem portrays refined emotions, including reminiscences of previous kings, admiration for lotus flowers, flower viewing, boating, and moonlit or snow-covered landscapes, all within the framework of natural affinity and unity with water. These representations align with the ideological landscape symbolism, reflecting the king’s internalized views and behavior across political, economic, social, and religious dimensions. The meaning derived from the formation and enjoyment of 「Sangrim Sipgyeong」 can be understood as a product of the social context unique to the cultural group it represents. King Jeongjo’s 「Sangrim Sipgyeong」 serves as a distillation of royal ideology, embodying the prosperity and welfare of the people while pursuing personal enjoyment, inspiration, and self-cultivation. In summary, 「Sangrim Sipgyeong」 serves as an ideological landscape, encapsulating the philosophy and self-awareness that shaped the collective consciousness of Joseon culture, built upon its value systems, ideals, and aspirations. The landscapes described in the poem transcend mere physical features, instead embodying an ideological cultural landscape that conveys the king’s vision for governance and the aspirations of a true ruler.

서거정의 '경주십이영(慶州十二詠)'의 의미와 폐허미학적 소통방식

노재현,Rho, Jae-Hyun 한국조경학회 2009 한국조경학회지 Vol.37 No.2

The poem 'Kyungjusipiyung(慶州十二詠)' written by Seo, Geo-jeong(徐居正) describes sentiments felt for the ruined historical and cultural landscape of Silla's capital city, Kyungju. It differs from the existing 'Eight Sceneries(八景)' as it conveys the strong metaphorical aesthetics of ruins as the episodes and figures are sung, as well as the myths and stories related to the representative holy places of the Silla culture: Gyelim(鷄林), Banwolseong(半月城), Najeong(蘿井), Oneung(五陵), Geumosan(金鰲山), the scenic beauty of deep placeness, Poseokjeong(鮑石亭), Mooncheon(蚊川), Cheomseongdae(瞻星臺), Boonhwangsa(芬皇寺), Youngmyosa(靈妙寺) and Grave of the General Kim Yu-Sin(金庾信墓). Compared with the former "Eight Sceneries" Poems, including Seo Geojeong's 'Kyungjusipiyung', there is a difference in the content of theme recitation, as well as in structure and form, especially with the deep impression of the classical features of the meanings and acts. The sequence of theme recitation seems to be composed of more than two visual corridors visited during trips that last longer than two days. The dominant emotions expresses in this poem, through written in the spring, are regret and sadness such as 'worn', 'broken and ruined', 'old and sad', without touching on the beauty of nature and the taste for life that is found in most of the Eight Sceneries Poems. Thus, the feelings of the reciter himself, Seo, Geo-jeong, about the described sceneries and their symbolism are more greatly emphasized than the beauty of form. The characteristic aspect of his experiences of ruins expressed from 'Kyungjusipiyung' is that the experiences were, first of all, qualitative of the aura conveyed; that is, the quality omnipresent throughout the culture of Silla as reflected in the twelve historical and cultural landscapes. In this poem, the cultural ruins of the invisible dimension such as the myths and legends are described by repetition, parallelism, juxtaposition, reflection and admiration from the antiphrases, as well as the civilized ruins of the visible dimension such as the various sceneries and features of Kyungju. This seems to be characteristic of the methods by which Seo, Geo-jeong appreciates 'Silla' in the poem 'Kyungjusipiyung'. Ruins as an Aesthetic Object imply the noble pride of Seo, Geo-jeong in identifying himself with the great nature of ruins. In 'Kyungjusipiyung', the images of the ruins of Silla and Kyungju are interspersed in spite of his positive recognition of 'the village of Kyungju' based on his records. However, though the concept of ruins has a pessimistic tone connoting the road of extinction and downfall, the aspect here seems to ambivalently contain the desire to recover and revive Kyungju through the Chosun Dynasty as adominant influence on the earlier Chosun's literary tide. The aesthetics of the scenery found in Seo, Geo-jeong's 'Kyungjusipiyung' contain the strongest of metaphor and symbolism by converting the experiences of the paradoxical ruins into the value of reflective experiences.

Estimation of thermodynamic properties of hydrogen isotopes and modeling of hydrogen isotope systems using Aspen Plus simulator

노재현,Alyssa Marie Fulgueras,Leah Jessica Sebastian,이현곤,김동선,조정호 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.46 No.-

Physical properties of hydrogen isotopes, hydrogen (H2), hydrogen-deuterium (HD), hydrogen-tritium(HT), deuterium (D2), deuterium-tritium (DT), and tritium (T2) were estimated through vapor pressureprediction, and validated by steady-state simulation of ITER isotope separation system (ISS). Peng–Robinson (PR) equation of state with Twu alpha function was selected for modelling which showedfavorable prediction from the experimental vapor pressures of each hydrogen isotopes. The steady-statesimulation of ITER ISS using Aspen Plus consists of four distillation columns and seven equilibriumreactors with four purified products: D2, T2, HD, and DT. Converged solution from simulation producedpotential scenario for actual ITER ISS process.

탐라십경과 탐라순력도를 통해 본 제주 승경의 전통

노재현,신병철,한상엽,Rho, Jae-Hyun,Shin, Byung-Chul,Han, Sang-Yub 한국조경학회 2009 한국조경학회지 Vol.37 No.3

This paper attempts to look at the identity of the traditional famous sceneries of Jeju Island by investigating the relationship between 'Yeoung Ju-Sipikyung(瀛州十二景)', which are the representative beautiful scenes of Jeju Island, and two paintings 'T'amna-Sipkyungtdo(耽羅十景圖)' and 'T'amna-Sullyokto(耽羅巡歷圖)' by a grasp of the contents and meanings of these two paintings. The following are the results of the study. In the 'T'amna-Sipkyung', which is the origin of today's 12 beautiful sceneries of Jeju Island, Baekrokdam and Youngsil are both symbolic places and the backdrops against which Jeju's myths were formed. Jocheonjin, Seogwijin and Myoungwoljin, located near the seashores, are strategic footholds in protecting the territory of the island and connotatively contain its culture and history. Seongsan Ilchulbong, Sanbangsan, Chwibyeongdam and Cheonjeyeon Pokpo are not only the quintessentially beautiful scenes of Jeju but also belong to 'YeoungJu-Sipikyung'. And 'T'amna-Sullyokto', which describes the Jeju horses and tangerines that were presented to the king as tribute, offers scenic elements with a strong political tone and is related to the five scene of 'T'amna-Sullyokto', showing that 'defense' and 'tribute' are motives in choosing the sceneries of people's daily lives here. Jeju's daily scenes in particular have been continuously transmitted: 'Idyllic lives with the background of a tangerine orchard' are shown in 'Kowon Panggo' and 'Kyullim P'ungak', and Jeju horses grazing on pastures or being ridden in hunting trips are presented in 'Sanjang Kuma' and 'Kyorae Taeryop'. Besides Baekrokdam and Youngsil, which do not belong to Sunyeok(巡歷) corridor of minister Lee Hyoungsang, 'Yeoung Ju-Sipikyung', directly related to 'T'amna-Sipkyung', has six beautiful sceneries: Seongsan of Seongsan Ilchulbong, Baekrokdam of Baekrokmanseol, Younggok of Youngsilgiam, Sanbang of Sanbanggulsa Chwibyeongdam of Yongyeonyabeom and Seogwiso of Seojinnoseong. The image of 'Gosumokma', the tenth landscape of 'Yeoung Ju-Sipikyung', was expressed as it is, through 'Udojeomma' and 'Sanjangguma'. The ten beautiful sceneries of 'T'amna-Sipkyung' were also especially described in 'T'amna-Sullyokto', besides Baekrokdam and Youngsil, which do not belong to Sunyeok corridor. As the places and landscapes emphasized on 'T'amna-Sipkyungto' and 'T'amna-Sullyokto' in common have been transmitted by the politicians and ancestors of Jeju Island, they have become established as today's 'Yeoung Ju-Sipikyung', passing through correction processes. When considering this process of development, 'Yeoung Ju-Sipikyung' are worthy of heritage and traditional landscapes accomplished in a long difficult period based on investigation into beautiful Jeju Island and the love of the island people for their home.

독립적 생활이 가능한 뇌졸중 환자에서 환경적 요소가 이동장애에 미치는 영향

노재현,도기철,김준연,김동협,김철현,이양수,정태두 대한재활의학회 2008 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.32 No.4

Objective: To investigate the effect of environmental factors on the ability of mobility in subjects with chronic stroke who can perform nearly independent activities of daily living (ADL). Method: Sixty one patients were divided into three groups (superior, middle, and inferior) by the degree of independent walking. Modified self-administered questionnaire was completed to report how well the patients encountered the environmental elements faced in community mobility. In addition, all patients were assessed to find out the difference of ADL performance, Berg balance scale (BBS), 10 m walking time (10 mWT) and patterns of ‘going out' among the three groups. Results: The group 1 (superior group) had shown better performance than group 2 (middle group) and group 3 (inferior group) in performance of ADL, BBS, 10 mWT. Secondly, the group 1 visited more places or destinations per day than the group 2 and 3, and they used more various transportation systems than other groups. Finally, there were significant differences in the distance dimension, the temporal dimension, terrain dimension (except for a ‘getting on a elevator' component), and density dimension among the groups. Conclusion: Environmental factors as well as functional abilities could affect the mobility of subjects with chronic stroke. This result suggests that any kinds of compensation and the supports of social institutions are needed even in subjects of nearly independent ADL for their improvement of mobility and convenience. Objective: To investigate the effect of environmental factors on the ability of mobility in subjects with chronic stroke who can perform nearly independent activities of daily living (ADL). Method: Sixty one patients were divided into three groups (superior, middle, and inferior) by the degree of independent walking. Modified self-administered questionnaire was completed to report how well the patients encountered the environmental elements faced in community mobility. In addition, all patients were assessed to find out the difference of ADL performance, Berg balance scale (BBS), 10 m walking time (10 mWT) and patterns of ‘going out' among the three groups. Results: The group 1 (superior group) had shown better performance than group 2 (middle group) and group 3 (inferior group) in performance of ADL, BBS, 10 mWT. Secondly, the group 1 visited more places or destinations per day than the group 2 and 3, and they used more various transportation systems than other groups. Finally, there were significant differences in the distance dimension, the temporal dimension, terrain dimension (except for a ‘getting on a elevator' component), and density dimension among the groups. Conclusion: Environmental factors as well as functional abilities could affect the mobility of subjects with chronic stroke. This result suggests that any kinds of compensation and the supports of social institutions are needed even in subjects of nearly independent ADL for their improvement of mobility and convenience.

경관의미에 대한 정보전달이 경관선호에 미치는 영향

노재현 한국조경학회 1999 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.26 No.4

The objective of this study is to test the influence of the landscape meaning illustrated to subjects on their landscape preference and to investigate the difference of the response(Influence Value;IV) between cultural landscape and natural landscape. For this, color-slide surrogates for cultural and natural landscape are shown to Experimental Group(EG) and Control Group(CG)(between-subject design). And Experimental Group is divided into meaning illustrated Before and After Group(within-subject design). For given 45 slide scenes of cultural and natural landscape, the subjects were asked to measure their preference on ten point scale. The results are as follows; 1. The influence of value illustration is positive in the preference. Specifically, this effect was more powerful for the low beauty landscape than for the high beauty landscape. 2. The relation between the IV and the preference of non illustrated group was deeply correlated. And IV of cultural landscape was higher than that of natural landscape. 3. It is identified that the meaning illustration about high naturalness landscape such as the swamp and alpine landscape is more effective than other natural landscape. 4. Also, the preference was more influenced by the personal task associated with landscape experience. But the statistical significance between the preference and experience about landscape didn't exist. Accordingly, it was suggested by this study that the illustrated meanings of landscape and perceived landscape form were also major influential factors on the landscape preference.

소상팔경(瀟湘八景), 전통경관 텍스트로서의 의미와 결속구조

노재현,Rho, Jae-Hyun 한국조경학회 2009 한국조경학회지 Vol.37 No.1

Sosang Pal-Kyung(瀟湘八景), which originated in China and means eight scenes of So River and Sang River, greatly influenced the poems and the pictures in East Asia for a long time and became a cultural phenomenon leading the stereotype of the traditional landscapes in Korea and Japan. Studies on 'Kyung(a scene)' such as 'Pal-Kyung(八景)', have been made continuously until now, but there are no results of a study intensively focusing on the meaning and the form of Sosang Pal-Kyung, which is the origin of the domestic Pal-Kyung culture. The goal of this study is to investigate the typical form observed in Sosang Pal-Kyung-Ga(瀟湘八景歌) and Sosang Pal-Kyung-Do(瀟湘八景圖), as a text of a cultural landscape, and to clear up the coherence structure between a recognition system and a way of thinking that existed in the cultural phenomenon of Sosang Pal-Kyung. In this study, the symbolism of Pal(八) was summarized and the surface structure and the correlation of each Kyung of Sosang Pal-Kyung was explained in light of semiotics through segmenting and disjointing the lexeme of a landscape while the coherence structure and the meaning of Sosang Pal-Kyung-Ga and Sosang Pal-Kyung-Do as a text were investigated. Sosang Pal-Kyung is based on the view of the Sun and the Moon(or Positive and Negative) and the Eight Trigrams(八卦) for divination and is a linguistic symbol in which human life and the principle of circulation and conversion of nature are expressed as characters and picture texts. Its structure has strong coherence and cohesion, which attempt to move the abstruse truth of nature into human consciousness by developing and corresponding the grammatical structure and form of the sentences and the implicative languages emphasizing the symbolism of the words to the characteristics of similarities and contrast. In addition, Sosang Pal-Kyung expresses human life, the processes of birth and death of nature and the mutual response dialectically by putting various factors of the landscape in the frame of regular formality and structure. It is considered that the image signs in Sosang Pal-Kyung emphasize the theory of circulation of human life and nature are narrative scenery, which one looks at with a contemplative view in the circulation system of the time and the season. The cultural phenomena of Sosang Pal-Kyung in the Joseon Dynasty, which had been handed down from the Goryeo Dynasty, had become the driving force of leading aesthetics of Joseon's art and literature by adding the scenery of the point of view of Sung Confucianism. Its coherence structure was changed, but its cohesion was handed down continuously so that it became not only the basic text of the traditional and cultural landscape but also, the typical Korean-style stereotype of a landscape.

공원녹지내 사화직물 출현실태 분석에 관한 연구

노재현 한국조경학회 1998 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.26 No.3

The purpose of this study is on identifying real condition of naturalized plants in urban green space. For this, Chollabak-do region was selected for case study. The occurring frequency and distribution status was investigated by field survey. The area of green open space, level of management and passed years after construction etc, were analized to identify the influence on occurrence of naturalized plants. The result is as follows: 1. In 18 sites, 145 taxa as weed species including naturalized plants were occurred. Average No. of occurring taxa is 22.7. Two families of plants, Graminae and compositae charged the most part. Also the rate of naturalized plant among them is 29.7%. 2. Naturalized species showing high occurring rate are 14 taxa of compositae, 5 taxa of Gramineae, Leguminosae and 4 taxa of cruciferae. These plants of previous four somatic polymorphism among all the naturalized plants. 3. The taxa number of naturalized plants were reducedby intensive management. But the rate of naturalized plants in extensively managed area was relatively lower than intensively managed one. Naturalizd plants were widely distributed in most of urban green space with being cognitioned as whole weed. 4. In origin of naturalized plants, the taxa from north America were 16 and the taxa from Europe were 16. Therefore the rate originated from north America and Europe charged high part as 68.2%. The rate of Annual, Biennial and Perennial were each 78.7%, 21.3%. The alternative of management for control aganist disturbance by Annual & Biennial required. 5. Multi-relations analysis shows 0.81 which is the relatively high interralation between the number of emerged axa and that of naturalized ones. 6. The number of naturalized species has no relation to the lapse of years after construction of open-space. Especially it was identified that weed control in the beginning of construction is very important. On the other hand the relation between Ys and Xp was Ys=1.784Xp+4.646.

수구(水口)를 중심으로 분석한 중국 소주고전원림(蘇州古典園林)의 수경관 연출기법

노재현,려원 국립문화유산연구원 2024 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.57 No.3

This study quantitatively explored the interrelationship between water features and surrounding waterscape elements through a literature review and observational study targeting nine waterscapes of Suzhou Classical Garden in Jiangsu Province, China, which is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The purpose was to understand the objective characteristics of classical Chinese gardens and seek a basis for their differences from Korean gardens. The average area of water space in Suzhou gardens was 1,680.7㎡, which accounted for 21.3% of the total garden area, showing large variation by garden. Most of the Suzhou Gardens use springs and wells as their water sources. The Surging Waves Pavillion uses surface water, and Retreat & Reflection Garden uses seasonal water as its water source. The water pipes in Suzhou Garden are divided into a water outlet and a water outlet(water holes). Of these, the water outlet is a water outlet that imitates the water outlet just to induce a visual effect, and focuses on the meaning of the water system. It is judged to have been combined with the trend of Suzhou gardens. In addition, it was confirmed that, semantically, the arrangement of the water polo in Suzhou Garden is based on the traditional ‘Gamyeo(堪輿) theory’. Meanwhile, there are five types of methods for bringing water to Suzhou Garden: Jiginbeop(直引法), Myeonggeobeop(明渠法), Invasionbeop(滲透法), Gwandobeop(管道法), and Chakjeongbeop(鑿井法). Suzhou Classical Garden mainly applies the infiltration method and the irrigation method as a method of securing water in the garden, which can be classified and defined as the water catchment method(集水法) and the water pulling method(引水法) in the domestic classification method. Among the watering techniques in Korean traditional gardens, watering methods such as‘suspension waterfall(懸瀑)’, ‘flying waterfall(飛瀑)’ and water eluted(湧出), have not been found, and it is believed that they mainly ‘rely on hide with dignity(姿逸)’ and ‘submerged current(潛流)’ techniques. As for the watering technique, no watering technique was found that uses a Muneomi, which is applied in traditional Korean gardens. As this was applied, the seal method, penetration method, and Gwandobeop were also used in water extraction techniques. And at the inlet and outlet of Suzhou Garden, the main static water bodies were lakes, swamps, and dams. While the eastern water bodies are classified into streams, waterfalls, and springs, the water spaces in the three gardens reflect the centrifugal distributed arrangement, and the water spaces in the six places reflect the water landscape effect due to the centripetal concentrated arrangement. And as a water space landscape design technique, the techniques of ‘Gyeok(隔)’ and ‘Pa(破)’ were mainly applied at the inlet, and the techniques of ‘Eom(隔)’ and‘Pa(破)’ were mainly applied at the outlet. For example, most bridges were built around the inlet, and sa(榭), heon(軒), gak(閣), pavilion(亭), and corridor(廊) were built, and the outlet was concealed with a stone wall. Therefore, it is understood to have embodied Suzhou Garden's idea of water(理水), which says, “Although it was created by humans, it is as if the sky is mine(雖由人作,宛自天開).” A trend was detected. Lastly, as a result of analyzing the degree of concealment and exposure in the visual composition of the inlet and outlet, it was confirmed that the water outlet was exposed only at the Eobijeong and Mountain Villa with Embracing Beauty view points of The Surging Waves Pavillion and the water outlet was hidden at other view points. Looking at these results, the ‘Hyang-Hyang-Ba-Mi-Bob(向向發微法)’from the perspective of left-orientation theory of Feng Shui, which is applied in Korean traditional gardens in classical Chinese garden water management,“makes water visible as it comes in, but invisible as it goes out.” It is judged that the technique was barely matched. 본 연구는 유네스코 세계문화유산인 중국 강소성(江蘇省) 소재 소주고전원림(蘇州古典園林) 수경관(水景觀)을 조명한 결과이다. 문헌조사 및 현장조사를 통해 입수구와 출수구 그리고 주변 수경요소 간의 상호관련성을 정량적으로 탐색으로써 중국 고전원림 수구(水口) 고유의 객관적 특성을 파악하는 한편, 한국 전통원림과의 차이점을 준거할 수 있는 기초자료를 모색하고자 한 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 소주고전원림의 수공간 평균 면적은 1,680.7㎡로 계상되었는데 이는 전체 원림면적의 21.3%를 차지하는 것으로 원림별 큰 편차를 보였다. 원림 대부분은 샘물과 우물을 수원(水源)으로 삼았으나 창랑정은 지표수를, 퇴사원은 계절수를 수원으로 하였다. 한편 원림의 수구는 정수구(正水口)와 가수구(假水口)로 구분되는바 가수구는 단지 의경(意景) 효과를 유도하기 위한 모방수구로, 수체계상의 의미를 중시하는 소주고전원림의 경향과 결착(結著)된 것으로 보임에 따라 궁극적으로 원림의 수구 배치는 전통 ‘감여이론(堪輿理論)ʼ이 작동되고 있음이 확인되었다. 그리고 소주고전원림의 인수(引水) 방식은 직인법(直引法), 명거법(明渠法), 침투법(滲透法), 관도법(管道法), 착정법(鑿井法) 등 5가지 유형이 적용되었다. 이중 직인법, 침투법, 관도법은 출수기법에서도 활용되었는 바 소주고전원림에서의 보편적인 물확보 수법인 침투법과 관도법은 국내 구분 방식으로는 집수법(集水法)과 인수법(引水法)에 비견(比肩)된다고 판단하였다. 그러나 한국 전통정원에서 보이는 현폭(懸瀑)과 비폭(飛瀑) 등의 입수기법은 발견되지 않으며 단지 자일(恣逸)과 잠류(潛流) 그리고 용출(湧出) 기법에 의존한 입수기법이 주로 적용되었고, 무너미를 통한 출수기법은 소주고전원림에서는 발견되지 않았다. 한편 소주고전원림의 입수구와 출수구에서 정태 수체는 호수, 소(沼)와 담(潭)이 주류를 이루었으며. 동태 수체는 계류, 폭포와 샘으로 분류되는 가운데 3개 원림의 수공간은 원심적 분산배치를, 6개소의 수공간은 구심적 집중배치에 따른 수경관 효과가 반영되었다. 그리고 수경관 연출기법으로 입수구에서는 ‘격(隔)ʼ과 ‘파(破)ʼ의 기법이, 출수구에서는 ‘엄(掩)ʼ과 ‘파(破)ʼ의 기법이 주로 적용되었다. 예컨대 입수구 주변에는 대부분 교량이 건립되고 사(榭), 헌(軒), 각(閣), 정(亭), 랑(廊) 등이 조성되었으며 첩석박안(疊石駁岸)으로 수구를 은폐한 경향이 감지됨에 따라 “비록 인간이 만들었지만 마치 하늘이 내린 것 같다(雖由人作,宛自天開)”라는 소주원림의 이수사상(理水思想)을 구현한 것으로 이해된다. 마지막으로 입수구와 출수구의 시각구성상 은폐 및 노출 정도를 분석한 결과, 창랑정의 어비정과 환수산장 문천정 조망점에서만 수구가 노출될 뿐 다른 조망점에서는 수구가 가려져 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과를 볼 때 소주고전원림 수구에서는 한국 전통정원에서 적용되고 있는“물이 들어오는 것은 보이나, 나가는 것은 보이지 않게 한다”는 풍수좌향론 관점에서의‘향향팔미법(向向發微法)’기법은 거의 적용되지 않은 것으로 판단된다.

단종애사(端宗哀史)의 후광효과를 적용한 영월팔경의 스토리탤링 전략

노재현,Rho, Jae-Hyun 한국조경학회 2008 한국조경학회지 Vol.36 No.3

With the awareness that Sinyeongwol Sipgyeong(ten scenic spots in Yeongwol) were designed too hastily and only for PR purposes after the change in the tourism environment, this paper indicates that most tourism and culture sources in Yeongwol are related to King Danjong, the sixth king of the Joseon Dynasty. This study proposes a 'Storytelling Plan' for the landscape content called 'Cultural Landscapes - Yeongwol Palgyeong(eight scenic spots in Yeongwol)' after reviewing types and content of Yeongwol Palgyeong through the halo effect of the well-known sad history of King Danjong and the cultural value of Yeongwol. The significance of the unity of the historic site and neighboring landscape is focused on by investigating the anaphoric relations between cultural landscape texts('Yeongwol Palgyeong') and historic content(the sad history of King Danjong). For this, the cultural lnddscape of Yeongwol has been framed and layered to make spatial texts. To emphasize the 'Telling' as well as the 'Story,' interesting episodes have been reviewed to discover a motive. To diversify the 'Telling' methods, absorptive landscape factors have been classified as 'Place,' 'Object' and 'Visual Point.' In addition the storytelling of Yeongwol Palgyeong was examined in consideration of the story and background of 'Yeongwol Palgyeong - Sad Story of King Danjong' and the interaction of a variety of cultural content by suggesting micro-content such as infotainment and edutainment as absorptive landscape factors. In order to make the storytelling plan available in practice as an alternative plan for Yeongwol Tourism, a visual point should be properly set to make the landscape look sufficiently dynamic. In addition, real landscape routes and narration scenarios should be prepared as well. Professional landscape interpreters who are well informed of the natural features of Yeongwol and the history of King Danjong should be brought into the project, and Internet and digital technology-based strategies should be developed.