톤 간섭하에서의 GMSK신호와 pi/4shift QPSK신호의 오율 특성

김순석 한국항공대학교 1991 국내석사

特許權의 國際的 保護에 관한 硏究 : TRIPs 協定을 中心으로

김순석 成均館大學校 大學院 1998 국내박사

사용자 프라이버시 보호를 위한 차세대 이동통신시스템과 전자상거래 지불 응용

김순석 中央大學校 2003 국내박사

음성이나 간단한 메세지를 교환하는 기존의 2세대 이동통신 시스템인 GSM과는 달리 전자문서나 전자상거래 데이터를 주고받는 차세대 무선 이동통신 환경에서는 보안 개념의 변화가 필요하다. 공중을 통하여 데이터 전송이 이루어짐에 따라서 무선 이동통신 환경에서는 사용자의 상호 인증이 가장 중요한 문제가 된다. 그러나, 사용자 인증을 강조하다 보면 사용자의 현재위치 파악이나 행적을 추적하는 것이 쉬어지고 프라이버시 침해 가능성이 높아진다. 따라서, 인증과 프라이버시 보호를 적절히 조화하여 해결할 수 있는 익명성 및 불추적성을 제공하는 시스템 개발이 필요하다. 본 논문은 차세대 이동통신 환경에서 익명 서비스를 위한 기반 연구 및 시스템을 개발하는 것이 주목적이고, 이를 달성하기 위하여, Samfat가 제시한 전 단계에 걸친 유연한 사용자 익명성 및 불추적성을 제공하기 위한 프로토콜을 설계하고 이를 위한 시스템을 개발하고자 한다. 또한, 익명성에 따른 역기능을 보완하기 위한 조건부 추적성을 지원하는 키 복구의 개념을 추가하며, 무선 이동통신 환경에서의 부가가치 서비스를 이용하는데 따른 요금 지불 등 전자상거래에 응용할 수 있는 지불 프로토콜도 아울러 설계코자 한다.

김순석 시 연구

최미란 韓國學中央硏究院 2007 국내석사

金淳石,作为北韩诗坛解放时代中具有代表性的诗人而引人注目。本文主要是 通过对金淳石创作活动最活跃的50年代北韩文学的时代背景及其文学观,而探究 40年代后半期到50年代后半期金淳石诗作品的特点,以及金淳石诗作品的文学史 意义。 战后,北韩为了战后重建掀起了‘千里马运动’。在建设国家的高昂的政治热情中 英雄主义和理想主义得以伸张,对文学创作的影响是不区分现实与展望, 把生活 主观化,从而导致了战后北韩文学的图式主义。 在图式主义创作倾向日趋严重的情况下,北韩文坛从1954年对无矛盾论和图式 主义进行抨击的同时,展开了活跃的讨论。此时,金淳石作为朝鲜作家代表团的 一员对苏联进行了三个月的访问。期间与苏联作家同盟诗文学部长什巴乔夫进行 了交谈,为当时普遍强调功利性机能的北韩文学创作提供了新的源泉。 因此,北韩文学从50年代中期为克服图式主义展开了活跃的美学性的讨论,而 且在文坛也开始出现了自主而有力的动向。特别是1956年10月召开的第二次作家 代表会议对图式主义进行了尖锐的批判。在大会中许多评论家、作家对图式主义 提出了各自的看法,金淳石也阐述了自己的主张。他坚决反对直接用党的政策来 代替具体文学作品中的主题和内容的“基本主题论”,并积极主张多样而有个性的 文学创作。 当然, 战后北韩曾先后出现过对林和、李泰俊、金蓝千等人文学思想对的批 判,洪淳哲、韩孝等人的对独断主义的批判,对安漠、徐万日等人的资产阶级唯美主义美学思想的批判等多次的思想斗争。思想斗争的频繁说明文坛具有强有力 的自主性的一个反证。也就是说北韩文坛并没有僵化,而是相当活跃的。这一时 期出现的忠实于事实主义原则的作品和多样的文学风格,以及体现作家独特个性 的许多文学作品恰好证实了这一点。其中,金淳石的作品最具有代表性。 以上是通过北韩文学时代背景中的金淳石的活动而探讨了他的个性特点。为了进一步说明金淳石的个性特点如何在他的作品中具体体现,笔者在第三章对其诗 的特点进行了全面而详细的剖析。 首先话者存在于诗中,话者是确定诗的特点的决定性的因素。因此话者的性格 不仅对诗的语调而且对主题的方向也起着决定性作用。从话者的表现形式来看, 金淳石诗中所表现出的话者的特点是自始至终贯穿着乡土爱和民族爱。他对本民 族文学,特别是诗文学比任何人都体现无限的骄傲和强烈的自豪感。特别是诗人 对故乡的山川和人民的热爱贯穿于诗人的所有作品中,从而在追求乡土和民族境 地的同时表现出了美的感觉和形象的表现力。因此笔者在话者的表现形式上 将其 以具有对斗争中取得的自信和肯定现实的话者和具有感情情绪而且升华到民族性 的话者进行了论述。 其次是论证主题为了向读者传更具达鲜明而强烈说服力的表现材料,在题材选 择的角度上考察了诗人质朴的经验世界。诗人的故乡仿佛像一幅水彩画:弯弯曲 曲的河流,清新的泥土味,碧蓝的天空,经受住战争残酷考验的故乡人民是勇敢 而动人的存在。如此秀丽而优雅的自然环境使得诗人的心情无比的澎湃和激动。而且与渔郎人民长期相处的过程中扎下了深深的乡土爱和民族爱。1954年访问苏 联期间,歌颂异国牧歌式的自然环境的过程中,所产生的对故乡的怀念可以充分 的升华到强烈的民族爱。因此质朴的经验世界可以将诗分为以农村题材,自然景 物题材,异国体验为题材的诗而加以论述。 最后文体论的特点是着重从诗的语言和文章进行了考察。语言和文章的特点研 究者无法用直观的方法来了解,因此笔者借助电脑的统计分析对金淳石诗中使用 的所有单词进行了概数和频度的统计。通过统计可以看出金淳石主要使用名词的 同时也大量使用了形容词。在名词中使用频度最多的依次是“心情、故乡、祖国、 土地”等单词,从而可以得出乡土爱和祖国爱在他的诗中占据重要的位置。而且金淳石主要使用了明亮的单词从而可以看出他对解放的喜悦,对新生活的满足,并 且沉浸在对美好未来的期待中。另外金淳石较多的使用了‘我们’这一单词从而可以 看出其较强的民族共同体意识和集体意识。 通过上述的研究对金淳石诗作品的文学史意义可以得出以下几点: 第一,诗人金淳石是在50年代北韩诗坛上大胆摆脱政治效果的框架,而积极主 张 文 学 本 质 --美 的 特 性 的 诗 人 。 他 在 50年 代 初 苏 联 进 行 的 思 想 解 放 运 动 的 影 响 下,坚决反对用党的政策来代替具体文学作品中的主题和内容的教条主义“基本主 题论”,并积极主张多样而有个性的文学创作。他自己也是主要通过“黄金土地”和 50年代后半期的其他作品以民族的传统情绪和乡土性为基础,直面地勾勒出了他 追求文学的纯粹艺术性的一贯主张。从这个意义上可以说,50年代的北韩文学因 为有像金淳石一样的诗人,所以可以 说当时的北韩文学并僵化 ,反而是相当活 跃。 第二,金淳石的诗作品有助于我们寻找南北韩的民族同质性,把南北韩的文学 视为民族整体性文学的可能性。他的诗以情感的自然流露为基调把民族普遍的情 绪升华到艺术的高度。从而体现了美学意义上的纯粹性乃至民族 层次上的纯粹 性。因此可以说处在南北民族分裂和对峙状态的民族史现阶段,金淳石的诗作品为民族的融合和统一,为凝聚民族共同体意识,确认民族的整体性作出了贡献。 笔者认为本文的不足之处和今后需要进一步补充和研究的课题是:首先在本文 中作为初步性探索的统计分析需要更深层次的研究,并且应对金淳石诗作品中所 体现的艺术性成果,即对诗的结构,比喻性特征等进行研究。并且对北韩文学进 行历史分期,更深入地研究各时期作家的特点,以及对尚不为人知的作家加以研 究,从而进一步完善对北韩文学史体系。

재난에 대비한 지방자치단체 전자기록물의 재해복구시스템 구축 방안 : 온나라시스템, 표준기록관시스템 중심

김순석 중부대학교 2018 국내석사

현재 우리나라는 예전에 비해 대규모 집중호우와 태풍, 지진과 같은 자연재해가 자주 발생하고, 테러, 화재, 폭발뿐만 아니라 해커에 의한 사이버공격으로 인해 국가기반시설의 기능이 마비되는 등 인적재해가 자주 발생하고 있어 종합적인 재난관리가 요구되다. 재난에 대비해 재해복구센터를 구축에 대한 필요성은 모두가 인식하고 있으나, 구축비용 및 유지비용의 문제로 인해 지방자치단체에서는 도입이 전혀 이루어지지 않고 있는 실정이다. 현재 대부분의 지방자치단체에서는 단순 백업위주로 재해문제에 대해 대처하고 있으나 이 방식은 재해발생 시 정상적인 운영이 불가능하고, 전자기록물을 완전히 복구하지 못하거나 복구를 하더라도 대민서비스가 안 되는 문제가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 대구지역 구청들의 재해복구시스템 도입 실태를 조사한 후 대구 N구청의 사례 분석을 통해 지방자치단체에 적합한 방식을 제안하였다. 대부분의 대구시 산하 구청들의 재해를 대비한 시스템은 원격지에 단순 백업위주로 되어 있었고, 대구 N구청 1곳만 재해복구시스템을 도입한 상태이다. 대구 N구청은 재해복구시스템을 온나라시스템에 적용하여 활용하고 있었으며, 기록관리시스템에는 아직 도입되지 않고 있는 상태였다. 대구 N구청에서 사용하고 있는 재해복구시스템은 다양한 구축 방식 중 네트워크를 이용한 비동기 방식이며, 이 방식은 온나라시스템 뿐만 아니라 표준기록관리시스템에도 적용이 가능한 방식이다. 이 방식에 IP Replication과 같은 솔루션을 적용하면 별도의 장비 추가 없이, 두 대의 스토리지로 데이터 복제 구성이 가능하였다. 네트워크 비동기 방식에 IP Replication 솔루션을 적용한 재해복구시스템은 기존 시스템과 동일한 형태로 복제를 함으로서 업무의 연속성을 보장할 수 있고, 가격이 저렴하여 예산이 부족한 지방자치단체 기록관리시스템의 재해복구에 적합한 시스템이라 할 수 있다. In Korea, there are frequent natural disasters such as heavy rainfall, typhoons and earthquakes, and human accidents such as terrorism, fire and explosion as well as paralysis of the functions of the national infrastructure due to cyber attacks by hackers and comprehensive disaster management is required. Everyone recognizes the necessity of establishing a disaster recovery center in preparation for a disaster. However, as the problems of construction cost and maintenance cost, local autonomous entities are not introduced at all. Currently, most municipalities are dealing with disaster problems mainly in simple backups. However, this method can not be operated normally in the event of a disaster, and even if the electronic records can not be fully recovered or recovered, there is a problem that the service can not be provided. Therefore, this studying is investigated the introduction of disaster recovery system of Daegu district offices and suggested a method suitable for local autonomy through the case analysis of Daegu N ward office. Most of the Daegu City ward offices have a simple backup system for the disaster, and the only one Daegu N ward has introduced a disaster recovery system. The Daegu N ward office applied the disaster recovery system to the whole country system, and it was not introduced into the records management system yet. Asynchronous method using network used in Daegu N ward office can be applied to standard recording management system among many kinds of disaster recovery system establishment methods. By applying solution such as IP replication to this method, Data replication configuration was almost using possible. The network asynchronous method is a system suitable for the disaster recovery system of the local municipal in which can guarantee the continuity of working by replicating in the same form as the existing system, including the budget is cheaper than the others.

Zebrafish 배발생에서 히드라 단백질과 히드라 펩티드를 이용한 Nano Ag-PVP의 독성저감

김순석 경희대학교 대학원 2019 국내석사

본 연구는 환경에 방출된, 사용 후 나노물질의 독성과 기존의 화학적 처리법의 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 새로운 생물유래 소재를 조사했다. 사용 후 생태계에 방출된 나노물질에 대한 관리는 거의 이루어지지 않고 있다. 나노물질이 생물체에 독성을 일으킨다는 다수의 연구로 볼 때 이를 효과적으로 관리할 수 있는 방안이 필요하다. 생물종에 따라 나노독성의 민감도가 다른데, 특히 히드라는 나노독성에 대한 민감도가 낮은 생물로 자포동물의 면역계 특성에 기인한 것으로 보인다. 이러한 히드라의 생물학적인 특성에 착안하여 연구를 수행하였다. 우리는 이전 연구를 통해 은 나노물질의 독성에 대한 Hydra magnapillata의 낮은 민감도와 hydra 추출물과 은 나노물질의 혼합물에서 나노독성 저감 효과를 확인했다. 특히 히드라 기저부위가 방어와 면역작용에 연관이 있어, zebrafish (Danio rerio)의 배아 발생(embryogenesis) 중 hydra protein (HP)와 기저부위의 hydra peptide (Hym176)을 사용해 Nano-Ag-polyvinylpyrrolidone (N-Ag-PVP) 노출에 따른 독성 저감 및 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사했다. Zebrafish 배아에 N-Ag-PVP (1 mg/L), HP (4 mg/L), N-Ag-PVP+HP (1, 4 mg/L), Hym176 (4 mg/L) 그리고 N-Ag-PVP+Hym176 (1, 4 mg/L)를 노출했다. N-Ag-PVP 노출군의 낮은 부화율(41.7 ± 2.9%)과 높은 이상률(27.8 ± 4.8%)의 결과는 꼬리, 염증 및 부종 등의 생태독성을 나타냈다. 하지만 N-Ag-PVP+HP 노출군은 정전기적 결합으로 200 nm이상의 응집체를 형성해 독성을 저감하는 작용을 했다. 유전자에 미치는 영향에 대해 mRNA seq 분석을 수행한 결과, N-Ag-PVP, N-Ag-PVP+HP, Hym176 및 N-Ag-PVP+Hym176 노출군의 유전자 발현 양상에 대한 프로파일은 HP 노출군과 전혀 다른 양상을 보임에 따라 나노독성에 의한 결과로 추측된다. 다른 한편, N-Ag-PVP는 배아의 초기 발생 과정 중 중요 기관(심장, 눈 신경 등)를 형태 형성(morphogenesis) 및 발달(development)에 관여하는 다수의 gene ontology (GO)에 영향을 미쳤고, 이는 치어의 비이상적 외형 및 질병에 직접적인 영향을 줄 수 있다. 또한 N-Ag-PVP는 tight junction, Forkhead box O (FOXO) 신호전달 경로, Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) 신호전달 경로 및 G 단백질 결합 수용체(G Protein-Coupled Receptors, GPCRs)에 연관된 여러 유전자의 상향 또는 하향 조절을 유도해, 세포주기(cell cycle) 전반에 걸쳐 영향을 주었다. 결과적으로 HP는 자체적인 독성이 없고, N-Ag-PVP의 생태독성 및 유전적 영향을 줄여주는 경향을 보여 나노물질의 독성을 저감하는 생물유래 소재로써의 가능성을 보였다. This study investigated new biomaterials as a method for solving the toxicity of post - use nanomaterials released into the environment and the problem of sewage treatment of nanomaterials using existing chemicals. Control of nanomaterials released into the ecosystem after use is scarce. Many studies suggest that nanomaterials are toxic to living organisms and need to be managed effectively. Sensitivity of nano-toxicity varies according to the species. Especially hydra appears to be due to the nature of the immune system of Nappy animal, which is less susceptible to nano-toxicity. The study was conducted focusing on the biological characteristics of hydra. Previous studies have confirmed the low sensitivity of Hydra magnapillata to the toxicity of silver nanomaterials and the reduction of nanotoxicity in mixtures of hydra extracts and silver nanomaterials. In particular, the hydra basal disk is associated with defense and immune function, and hydra protein (HP) and basal disk hydra peptide (Hym176) of embryogenesis of zebrafish (Danio rerio) were used to induce Nano-Ag-polyvinylpyrrolidone N-Ag-PVP) on toxicity reduction and gene expression. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to N-Ag-PVP (1 mg/L), HP (4 mg/L), N-Ag-PVP + HP(1, 4 mg/L), Hym176 (4 mg/L) and N-Ag-PVP + Hym176 (1, 4 mg/L). The results of the low hatching rate (41.7 ± 2.9%) and high abnormal rate (27.8 ± 4.8%) of N-Ag-PVP exposed group showed ecotoxicity such as tail, inflammation and edema. However, the N-Ag-PVP + HP exposed group formed an aggregate of 200 nm or more by electrostatic bonding, thereby reducing toxicity. The results of mRNA seq analysis for the effect on genes showed that the profile of gene expression patterns in N-Ag-PVP, N-Ag-PVP+HP, Hym176 and N-Ag-PVP+Hym176 considered to be a result of nanotoxicity as it differs completely from HP exposure group. On the other hand, N-Ag-PVP influenced many gene ontologies involved in morphogenesis and development of important organs (heart, eye nerves, etc.) during the early developmental process of the embryo. And then this can directly affect the non-ideal appearance and disease of the larva. In addition, N-Ag-PVP is induced up-regulation or down-regulation of several genes involved in tight junctions, Forkhead box O (FOXO) signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and affected throughout the cell cycle. As a result, HP did not have its own toxicity, showed a tendency to reduce the ecotoxicity and genetic effects of N-Ag-PVP and showed potential as biomaterial to reduce the toxicity of nanomaterials.

『完營日錄』 國譯 硏究

김순석 조선대학교 2015 국내박사

ABSTRACT A Study on the Korean translation of 『Wanyoungilrok』 Kim,Soonsuk Advisor : Associate Professor Kim,Kyeongsook Major in Translation of Sino-Korean Classics Graduate School of Chosun University 'A Study on the Korean translation of 『Wanyoungilrok』' is an analysis of documents listed in the 『Wanyoungilrok』, which was written by the Jeolla Gwanchalsa Seo Yu-gu during his 21-month tenure from 10 April 1833 to 30 December 1834.『Wanyoungilrok』, written by the Jeolla Gwanchalsa Seo yu-gu, was a work of eight volumes, but it has been photoprinted into three volumes by SKK. University in 2002. This Korean translation of『Wanyoungilrok』is that of the first out of the three photoprinted volumes. The purpose of the Korean translation of『Wanyoungilrok』is to understand the characteristics of official documents of the Jeolla Gwanchalsa, and to identify the flow of these documents. Furthermore, it is to clarify the grounds on which ancient official documents were based on in the systems of the Chosun Dynasty. Ancient documents can be classified roughly into three groups: ‘up-documents’,‘equal-documents’,‘down-documents’accordingly by the『Gyeongguk daejeon』.It defined the flow of official documents and their forms based on article Yejeon(禮典). Documents presented to the king are called up-documents, those sent to fellow officers are called equal-documents, and those sent to lower officers are called down-documents. First, we studied the flow of official documents and the three group of documents listed in the 『Wanyoungilrok』, based on article Yejeon within 『Gyeongguk daejeon』. Secondly, on『Wanyoungilrok』is listed 1,070 documents that are composed of 13 types of documents. So we studied 6 most frequently encountered types of documents such as 'Janggye(狀啓)’,‘Cheopjeong(牒呈)’,‘Gwanmun(關文)’,‘Jey(題)’,‘Gamgyeol(甘結)’,‘Hache(下帖)’. Thirdly, when translating Chinese characters to Korean we can find the 'Yidu(吏讀)' as verb endings of a word, which we suggest that it can perhaps be translated into 3 different types such as 'honorific titles', 'mutual respect', 'imperative mood', in correspondence with the three groups of documents‘up-documents’, ‘equal-documents’ and‘down-documents’. However, the study of 'Yidu(吏讀)' we postpone to a more opportune moment. Keywords : ancient documents, 『Wanyoung ilrok(完營日錄)』, Jeolla Gwanchalsa, Seo, yu-gu, Official documents, up-documents, equal-documents, down-documents, 『Gyeongguk daejeon(經國大典)』, Yejeon(禮典), Janggye(狀啓), Cheopjeong(牒呈), Ganmun(關文), Jey(題), Gamgyeol(甘結), Hache(下帖), Yidu(吏讀).

Study on Sleep Disorders and Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease Using Danio rerio Larvae: Method validation and Case study

김순석 과학기술연합대학원대학교 안전성평가연구소(KITOX) 2025 국내박사

This dissertation demonstrates the role and potential of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) larva model as an effective model for studying sleep disorders and drug-induced liver diseases. Both research topics have traditionally relied on mammalian models. As a new model for human health and disease, the zebrafish larva model is useful for studying complex biological phenomena, from neurotoxicity-induced sleep disorders to steatotic liver diseases resulting from lipid metabolism disorders, as it is similar to humans in that 80% of the genetic and neurological genes are conserved. In addition, the optical transparency of the larvae makes it suitable for high-throughput drug screening. First, sleep disorders have a wide range of health effects and are influenced by many factors. The number of patients is steadily increasing, yet the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study demonstrates that the zebrafish larva model can bridge the gap between nocturnal rodent models and humans in the field of sleep research, as it has similar sleep patterns and transcriptome changes to humans. By analyzing melatonin-induced sleep patterns and the effects of consumer chemicals such as phthalates, I uncover a novel mechanism linking chemicals, circadian rhythm disruption, and neurotoxicity. These findings highlight the vulnerability of sleep regulation to chemical exposures and suggest that zebrafish can be used to screen for sleep disruptors. Second, I extend the utility of the zebrafish model to studies of metabolic dysfunction-related steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Lipotoxicity due to excessive triglycerides plays a central role in liver injury, and drug-exposed zebrafish larvae exhibit metabolic dysfunction, including dose-dependent lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and ER stress. Interestingly, the newly discovered hepatotoxic compounds metyrapone and mifepristone exhibit similar effects to those of known hepatotoxic drugs, further enhancing the potential of zebrafish as a high-throughput screening tool for assessing hepatotoxicity. These two findings reinforce the importance of zebrafish larvae as an important platform for assessing the disease mechanisms of chemical and drug-related factors affecting human health. From basic acute toxicity assessments to biomedical research such as genetics and neurophysiology, the wide range of applications of zebrafish larvae and their ability to provide sensing capabilities at early developmental stages can accelerate drug discovery and toxicity assessment of chemicals, bridging the gap between experimental results and human health applications. This presents a possible alternative to more ethical animal testing using existing mammalian models. 본 학위논문은 수면 장애와 약물 유발 간 질환 연구를 위한 효과적인 모델로서 제브라피쉬 (Danio rerio) 유생 모델의 역할과 잠재력을 제시합니다. 두 연구 주제는 모두 전통적으로 포유류 모델에 의존해 왔습니다. 인간 건강과 질환에 대한 새로운 모델로서, 제브라피쉬 유생 모델은 유전 및 신경 유전자의 80%가 보존되어 있기 때문에 신경독성 유발 수면 장애부터 대사 기능 장애 관련 지방간 질환에 이르기까지 복잡한 생물학적 현상을 연구하는 데 유용합니다. 또한, 유생의 광학적 투명성은 고처리량 약물 스크리닝에 적합합니다. 첫째, 수면 장애는 여러 요인으로 인해 광범위한 건강 영향을 미치며 환자 수는 꾸준히 증가하고 있지만, 그 기전은 아직 잘 밝혀지지 않았습니다. 본 연구는 제브라피쉬 유생 모델이 인간과 유사한 수면 패턴과 전사체 변화를 보이기 때문에 수면 연구 분야에서 야행성 설치류 모델과 인간 사이의 간극을 메울 수 있음을 보여줍니다. 멜라토닌 유도 수면 패턴과 프탈레이트와 같은 생활화학물질의 영향을 분석함으로써, 생활 습관 관련 화학물질, 일주기 리듬 교란, 그리고 신경독성을 연결하는 새로운 메커니즘을 밝혀냈습니다. 이러한 연구 결과는 수면 조절이 화학물질 노출에 취약함을 보여주고, 제브라피쉬가 수면 교란 물질을 선별하는 데 사용될 수 있음을 시사합니다. 둘째, 제브라피쉬 모델의 유용성을 대사 기능 장애 관련 지방간 질환 연구까지 확장한다. 과도한 중성지방으로 인한 지방독성은 간 손상에 중요한 역할을 하며, 약물에 노출된 제브라피쉬 유생은 용량 의존적인 지질 축적, 산화 스트레스, 그리고 ER 스트레스를 포함한 대사 기능 장애를 보입니다. 흥미롭게도, 새롭게 발견된 간독성 화합물인 메티라폰과 미페프리스톤은 기존 간독성 약물과 유사한 효과를 나타내어, 간독성 평가를 위한 고처리량 스크리닝 도구로서 제브라피쉬의 잠재력을 더욱 강화합니다. 이 두 가지 연구 결과는 제브라피쉬 유생이 인간 건강에 영향을 미치는 화학 및 약물 관련 요인의 질병 기전을 평가하는 중요한 플랫폼으로서의 중요성을 다시 한번 강조합니다. 기본적인 급성 독성 평가부터 유전학 및 신경생리학과 같은 생물의학 연구에 이르기까지, 제브라피쉬 유생의 광범위한 응용 분야와 초기 발생 단계에서 감지 능력을 제공하는 능력은 신약 개발 및 화학물질 독성 평가를 가속화하여 실험 결과와 인간 건강 응용 분야 간의 간극을 메울 수 있습니다. 이는 기존 포유류 모델에 대한 보다 윤리적인 동물 실험에 대한 잠재적인 대안을 제시합니다.

노우하우(Know-How)契約에 관한 硏究

김순석 成均館大學校 1989 국내석사

경찰조직내 직속상관의 영향력행사 유형과 조직시민행동간의 관계에 관한 연구

김순석 동국대학교 2008 국내박사

This research is about the relationship between the patterns of exercise of influence by direct superiors within police organization and each factor of organizational citizenship behavior(OCB). Especially, it targets on the pattern of exercise of influence where the direct superior can observe the subordinates from the closest range and mutual response is intimately fulfilled. Besides, it also intends to test 「organizational commitment」, 「subordinate's trust on one's superior」 and 「communication」as the factors mediating this kind of relationship. Related literatures were reviewed for the collection of primary data related to the theme of research as the research's execution method in order to efficiently achieve the research's objectives, and quantitative method through questionnaire survey was performed for the collection of secondary data. First, in the research of literatures, based on existing local & overseas literatures and research results, opinions of various scholars on the definition of the concept of influence, patterns of exercise of influence and OCB are reviewed, and based on these, the research's analytical model was established. In the empirical analysis research, based on the theoretical background shown in literature studies, the correlation between the patterns of influence by direct superiors within police organization and OCB were compared and analyzed. Also, in order to achieve the research's objectives and raise the questionnaire's feasibility and reliability, a preliminary research was performed targeting at 100 police officers(Mapo, Gwangjin and Pocheon police stations) below the rank of police superintendent from 3 metropolitan area police stations over 12 days from 14 to 26 January 2008 prior to this survey. Based on these preliminary studies, going through questionnaire structuring and scale adjustment(7→5 point scale), actual questionnaire survey was performed over 10 days from 20 to 29 February 2008. For the subjects of research, combat/compulsory police officers with unfaithful responses and lacking reliability were excluded through preliminary research, and the survey was performed at 450 officers below the rank of police inspector subject to basic training of police training institution(Police Comprehensive Academy) with relatively abundant job experience and faithfully responding to questionnaires. Frequency analysis was performed in order to calculate the number of persons per specimen's sociodemographic characteristics, descriptive analysis was performed in order to obtain the average and standard deviation of key variables, Cronbach's α value was calculated through the reality analysis to test the reliability of measuring tools, and confirmatory factor analysis was performed for each scale to test the inspecting tool's feasibility. Also, in order to review the convergence and judgment feasibility of observed variables, the correlation coefficients of all research units included in research model were analyzed, and accordingly, correlation analysis was performed that presented correlation coefficient matrix of observed & potential variables. For this kind of statistical analysis, the structural equation model was applied using SPSS WIN 14.0 and LISREL Ver8.5, and analysis of covariance structures was performed on the hypotheses for each factor corresponding to dependent variable based on the established research analysis tools. Based on these results, following is the summary of hypotheses test results on organizational commitment, reliability and communication's mediation effect on how the patterns of exercise of influence by direct superiors affect OCB. <Summary of Hypotheses Test Results> <표 원문 참조> Based on these hypotheses test results, following research significance can be obtained between the patterns of exercise of influence by direct superiors within police organization and OCB. First, while research on OCB has been carried out with fragmented studies on its concept and constituents during the past, this study presents a research model based on objectivity and reliability by performing an empirical study on OCB targeting at police officers and measuring the frequency between each constituent through data analysis of preceding studies. Second, this study presents the methods of exercise of influence useful between superior and subordinate police officers, a fact being neglected considering the rank related characteristics of the police organization. Third, as research on OCB within organization has been mainly focused on business administration targeting at general corporations during the past, research on public sector has been insufficient. At this point, this study can be meaningful in being an empirical study targeting at police officers. Other than these values of research, significant results were obtained on several hypotheses to be proven in this research. Above all, as a fact different from other studies on OCB, by distinguishing the parameters(reliability, communication) corresponding to the understanding on the relationship between superiors and subordinates, from parameters(organizational commitment) related to the understanding on the relationship between the organization and individual, this study presents which parameters more significantly work in the independent variables in affecting dependent variables. As a result, while reliability and communication as a parameter has an insignificant degree in mediating superior's exercise of influence to OCB, organizational commitment draws attention as it shows very clear degree of intermediation. That is, in affecting each factor of OCB depending on the type of superior's exercise of influence in relation to the special characteristics of police organization, understanding on organization such as organizational commitment affects in larger extent than understanding on one's superior as individual. Also when observing the results of path analysis between the type of superior's exercise of influence and relationship between OCB through structural equation analytical model, among 5 types of superior's exercise of influence, it was shown that especially the compensational & standard types of exercise of influence positively affects majority of OCB factors . Despite this significance of present research, there are some limitations to this research. The first one is about selection of specimen targets. Specimen selected from this research targeted at officers below the rank of police superintendent under training at Police Comprehensive Academy excluding combat/compulsory police officers. Despite careful consideration was given in terms of research methodology such as the type and arrangement of questions due to the characteristics of police organization where there's concern of responding rather as a formality to questionnaires on superior's exercise of influence, possible lack of reliability is a fact that should be recognized. Second is the issue on the expression of questionnaires. As the majority of questions have already been tested and used overseas, there's uncertainty whether their intended meanings have been fully reflected during the course of translation. While efforts were made to raise the reliability of questions posing problems in their descriptiveness through modification and complementation through preliminary research, there are somewhat restrictions in identifying the understanding of respondents with limited number of questions. Thirdly, there's the ambiguity in the definition of exercise of influence. As previously described in the theoretical background, the term ‘influence’ is being confused with the existing term ‘power’, and this thesis also defines them as identical concepts. However, considering there's no clear local definition of ‘influence’ so far, the fact of having used it through generalization is something to be complemented in future studies. Lastly, this thesis uses path analysis, a social science research methodology that mainly describes causal effect between variable factors. However, while path analysis has an advantage in showing all causal relations between each variable factor, this research has somewhat large number of variables. Therefore, the fact of having selected the method of describing causal relations by each parameter can be seen as a limitation to this research. In future research, improvements should be made in somewhat simplifying the number of variables to describe the causal relations between variables in more detail.