살모넬라에 존재하는 NADP+ 결합 단백질

김미희 전남대학교 대학원 2008 국내석사

NADP+(Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phospate)와 NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide)는 산화환원에 관여하는 세포내 주요 조효소(coenzyme)이다. NADP+와 NAD+는 세포내에서 전자들을 운반하는 공통적인 기능을 가지고 있지만, NADPH의 경우 거의 전적으로 환원적 생합성에 사용되고, NADH는 주로 ATP의 생성에 사용된다는 차이점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 친화성 크로마토그래피를 이용하여 살모넬라에 존재하는 NAD+와 NADP+ 결합단백질을 모으고, 이차원 정기영동으로 이 단백질들을 분리한 후에 질량분석기를 이용해서 분석하였다. 그 결과 NAD+에 결합하는 단백질은 83개가 동정되었다. 그 중에서 산화환원효소는 6개, nucleotide와 관련된 단백질은 36개, 가상적인 단백질은 5개, 나머지 단백질이 36개였다. NADP+에 결합하는 단백질은 106개가 동정되었다. 그 중에서 산화환원효소는 7개, nucleotide와 관련된 단백질은 44개, 가상적인 단백질은 12개, 나머지 단백질이 43개로 동정되었다. 이 중 32개의 단백질은 NAD+와 NADP+ 모두에 결합하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구에서는 NAD+와 NADP+결합 단백질을 LC/MS/MS를 이용하여 동정하였다. 그 결과 NAD+에 결합하는 단백질 82개가 동정되었다. 그 중에서 산화환원효소는 8개, nucleotide와 관련된 단백질은 46개, 가상적인 단백질은 5개, 나머지 단백질이 23개로 동정되었다. NADP+에 결합하는 단백질은 83개가 동정되었다. 그 중에서 산화환원효소는 10개, nucleotide와 관련된 단백질은 37개, 가상적인 단백질은 15개, 나머지 단백질이 21개로 동정되었다. 이 중 37개의 단백질은 NAD+와 NADP+ 모두에 결합하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그리고 NAD+에서는 24개의 단백질, NADP+에서는 20개의 단백질이 MALDI-TOF에서 동정된 단백질과 같은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구에 의해 동정된 가상적 단백질들은 기능이 한 번도 연구된 적이 없는 기능을 알지 못하는 단백질들로서 NAD+, NADP+를 기질로 사용하는 효소일 가능성이 크다고 생각할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 NAD+, NADP+에 결합하는 새로운 단백질들을 발굴함으로서 세포 내 새로운 반응 경로의 발견할 수 있을 것으로 기대하고 있다. 그리고 예상치 않게 NAD+, NADP+에 결합하는 것으로 조사된 단백질의 경우 그 단백질의 새로운 결합자리 존재여부와 그 기능에 대한 후속연구가 중요할 것이다. NADP+ is used in anabolic reactions, such as fatty acid and nucleic acid synthesis, which require NADPH as a reducing agent. NAD+ is a major electron carrier in the oxidation of fuel molecules. In this study, NAD+_ and NADP+-binding proteins from Salmonella typhimurium were obtained by affinity chromatographies using immobilized NAD+ or NADP+, and further separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Those separated proteins spots were identified by MALDI-TOF MS after trypsin digestion. Eighty three proteins which bound to NAD+ were identified. Among them, 6 were oxidoreductases utilizing NAD+, 36 were nucleotide-related enzymes, 17 were hypothetical proteins, and 36 were proteins which did not expected to bind to NAD+. One hundred and six proteins which bound to NADP+ were identified. Among them, 7 were oxidoreductases utilizing NADP+, 44 were nucleotide-related enzymes, 12 were hypothetical proteins, and 43 were proteins which did not expected to bind to NADP+. Thirty three proteins bound to both NAD+ and NADP+. NAD+-and NADP+-binding proteins were also analyzed by trypsin digestion and subsequent LC/MS/MS. Eighty two proteins which bound to NAD+ were identified. Among them, 8 were oxidoreductases utilizing NAD+, 46 were nucleotide-related enzymes, 5 were hypothetical proteins, and 23 were proteins which did not expected to bind to NAD+. Eighty three proteins which bound to NADP+ were identified. Among them, 10 were oxidoreductases utilizing NAD+, 37 were nucleotide-related enzymes, 15 were hypothetical proteins, and 21 were proteins which did not expected to bind to NADP+. Among them, 37 proteins bound to both NAD+ and NADP+. The hypothetical proteins screened in this study may use NAD+ or NADP+ as their substrate. This study provides an effective method to identify new enzymes and their functions.

서비스 교육훈련이 고객응대지향성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김미희 조선대학교 경영대학원 2011 국내석사

This study examined what kind of influence a service education exercise factor has on the customer reception orientation. According to results, it became clear that service education contents was not influence on the complain reception and telephone reception. In addition, the nature of lecturers had positively influence on the narration orientation. And the trainee attitude toward service education had positively influence on the personnel orientation, expression orientation, narration orientation, reception orientation and telephone reception orientation. Also, service education environment and the facility had positively influence on personnel orientation and the expression orientation. Finally, as a result of having analyzed the difference of the education service exercise between male respondents and female respondents, as for male respondents, education contents are important to customer orientation, on the other hands, as for female respondents, trainee attitude are important to customer orientation.

다다이즘에 나타난 꼴라쥬의 조형적 특성에 관한 연구

김미희 강원대학교 교육대학원 2009 국내석사

꼴라쥬(Collage)란 이물질(異物質)을 평면의 화면에 도입하여 표현하는 회화 기법을 가리킨다. 이 꼴라쥬는 전통적인 회화의 개념과 기능, 그리고 물질이 현실을 지배하는 현대 사회에서 그 거리감을 극복하고 다양한 조형효과를 양식으로 보여준 것이다. 꼴라쥬는 회화의 개념을 전환하고 확신시키는 하나의 계기를 마련했다. 피카소(Picasso)와 브라크(Braque)에 의해 시작된 이 기법은 입체주의 화가들에 의해 순수히 도입된 것은 아니다. 이미 수세기에 걸쳐 종교적이고 장식적인 의미로부터 시작되었다. 그러나 미술사적 의미로 보았을 때 간과 할 수 없는 것이며, 조형적 의미로 보았을 때 입체주의 화가들에 의한 빠삐에·꼴레(Papier-Colle)의 등장은 최초로 시작된 꼴라쥬의 한 형태인 것이다. 이렇게 시작된 빠삐에·꼴레의 혁명은 미래주의(Futurism)운동을 거쳐 다다이즘(Dadaism) 화가들에 의해 발전되고 초현실주의(Surreasism) 작가들에게 영향을 미쳤다. 회화의 혁명 기초가 되는 꼴라쥬 기법은 오늘날까지 새로운 사조와 방법으로 지속되어왔다. 이러한 꼴라쥬는 일상의 물체, 폐품 등이 예술의 영역 끝에 올려 졌으며, 이로써 예술과 생활은 동일시되며, 그만큼 예술의 영역이 확대되었다는 점이다. 그러므로 물체는 물체인 동시에 예술품의 양의성을 갖게 되며, 새로운 해석의 가능성을 관람자에게 제공하게 된다. 일상적인 물체들의 등장은 새로운 충격으로 우리 앞에 꼴라쥬란 이름으로 던저져 있으며, 이들은 또한 단순히 작품의 소재로 그치는 것이 아니라 본질적으로 작품이라는 의미의 구조를 변모시켰다. 따라서 19세기 이전의 화화와 조각의 개념은 송두리째 부숴지고 꼴라쥬의 확산에 의해 회화는 현실의 재현이나 묘사가 아닌, 새로운 개념으로 확장되면서 인간의 행위 자체에 까지도 예술작품화한 “해프닝”“이벤트”로까지 전개된다. 이러한 꼴라쥬가 현대미술에 있어서 기여한 점은 예술과 환경이 평균점을 이루었다는 점일 것이다. It has been inovitable for whom are interested in Contemporary Art to groping on collage as the way of several informative reflecting. Collage suggested transition and expasion of Fine Art concept. As you know the iechnique of collage has been related with roligional and ornamental purpose for few conturios. And also with view of art history it reminds us of cubsts' papier-colle, the famer pattern of collage in formative art. Collage appeared with Picasso and Braque especially collage for cubists has been used to compose esthelic and formative image inother words it has took a role to considered roal things as a new media. Collage with futurists suggested the modern thoughts of art and represented prpgressive estheties. It can be considered as formative mothod to connect traditional concept with the mechanical eivilization with activity, vilality and speed. Finally in the ages of dadaism its concern moved to vitality of pasted things from more formative com-position. collagewith Dadaism has developed around America, swiss, germany and France with various artistic skill. It's basic bechinque depends on accident formation is create new image which reminds us of compounded reaality. Collage with Surrealisists more on figurative, associate and symblism to produce formative effect. Inthis ages collage developed to connect technology and mass media to be close with common people. We can reach a conelnsionthat formative meaning of collage show us another face in art with a certain expressibe way to reveal new truth on canvas. This particular putpose caused illusion on canvas to have its transitional point with some retrospection. With virtual image collage trios to searchpresent real truth by pure formative way. There is another formative meaning in collage. It expanded the media for artistic expression and reacknowleged us to see the worth of existence of things in human life. and also it encouraged us to use more positive thingking and method of space with suggestion of possibility of visual art. In the 20th century collage offered us new esthetie way to accomplish reality with personal experience in art. Furthermore it created new art are to fill artists. Therefore we can never ignore artistic contribution of collage with various expressive ways.

움직임 객체의 효과적인 검색을 위한 비디오 모델링

김미희 충북대학교 대학원 2003 국내석사

中國 東滿地域 韓·中 共同鬪爭의 갈등과 民生團事件

김미희 충북대학교 2007 국내석사

There were a series of huge natural disasters in northern Korea in the middle 19th century, after which a large number of Koreans left their homes and moved to Manchuria, where there was formed a Korean community. As the Japanese rule began over Korea, more and more Koreans moved to the region in order to fight for the nation's independence. Those Koreans in Manchuria were the major source of human and physical resources supplied to Korea's independence movement. The nationalist group dominated the independence movement in Manchuria in the early 1920s, but they witnessed a gradual growth of the communist group based on its unique organizational power since the middle 1920s. In November 1929, the Comintern disorganized the Chosun Communist Party, which had a base among the Koreans in the region, and forced the members to join the Chinese Communists and participate in the Chinese revolution. Once the Comintern persistently applied the one-state, one-party principle to the region, there was a huge blow to the communist movement of the Koreans in the region. In that period, the Manchurian Communists were making a left-leaning error, which was opposite to the national contradiction that had been the principal contradiction of the region which was getting more intensified after Japan invaded the region. Going through the left-leaning error, they had to deal with the invading Japanese too, which situation caused a serious tension among them. Then the Minsaengdan incident happened, and it was the extreme expression of the inside tension. The massacre started with the original intention to purge the inside enemies and evolved into a slaughter of innocent Koreans who had no charges and trials. Soon it spread over a wide scope as those Koreans and Chinese absorbed into the Chinese Communists after the Comintern forced the one-state, one-party principle to them were fighting over leadership. Having lost their motherland to the Japanese imperialism, the Koreans in Manchuria found themselves trapped in a very difficult position; they were mistaken as the hound of the Japanese imperialism by the Chinese and regarded as the bad people trying to end the colonial governance of Japan by the Japanese rulers. Even though a majority of the population of the region was Korean, the Koreans couldn't afford to take a side between China and Japan, which fueled the Chinese's mistrust in the Koreans. This study set out to find the causes of the Minsaengdan incident by focusing on the dual positions of the Koreans in Manchuria and the conflicts between the Koreans and Chinese in the region, and to investigate how the massacre affected the struggles in East-Manchuria. The prerequisite to those investigations was to understand the specific situations that the Korean community in East-Manchuria, Manchuria was in around the massacre. It's important to note that the communist activities in East-Manchuria were in serious trouble as the Japanese rulers carried out the security and cleanup operations. The horrible suppression of the Japanese rulers destroyed some of the armies and guerilla units, for whom the biggest concern was spies who sold out the inside information and revealed the locations of the guerilla units to Japan. The tension and fear among the members grew bigger to the degree that no one believed anyone. Then there rose a suspicion that the Koreans held grudge after losing leadership due to the Comintern's one-state, one-party principle, created factional strife, and infiltrated the Minsaengdan into the Chinese community. The suspicion was soon combined with their fear and doubt, which made them lose the ability to make rational and logical decisions, which ultimately led to killing so many Koreans. In the study, the Minsaengdan incident was defined as an event which took place as two nations with different interests joined in common struggles and tried to take leadership in the process. In an attempt to prove the theory, the investigator reconstructed the event in details based on the reports and letters sent to the special committee by the guerilla units in East-Manchuria. Recognizing that all the victims of the Minsaengdan Incident were the Korean communists, the investigator took the position that the conflicts between the Koreans and Chinese in their joint struggles were the major cause.

조기 이직 신규간호사의 태움 경험

김미희 이화여자대학교 임상보건융합대학원 2019 국내석사

본 연구는 조기 이직한 신규간호사가 간호 현장에서 체험한‘태움’의 의미를 파악하고 그들의 태움 경험을 이해하여, 이를 근거로 문제해결을 위한 조직적 차원의 체계적인 중재 전략의 필요성 제시 및 간호환경 개선을 위한 프로그램 개발의 기초자료를 제공하고자 시도되었다. 연구방법은 질적 연구방법을 사용하였으며, 자료 수집을 위해서 온라인 간호사 커뮤니티에 공고하여 대상자를 모집하였고 심층면담을 이용하였다. 연구 참여자는 간호사 면허를 취득한 후 첫 근무지인 의료기관에서 태움으로 인해 1년 이내에 이직한 신규간호사 11명이었다. 자료 수집은 2018년 11월 27일부터 2019년 4월 17일까지 비구조적이고 개방적인 질문을 통해 평균 80분 동안 개별 면담을 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 내용 분석 방법을 이용하여 분석하였고 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 연구 결과 조기 이직한 신규간호사의 태움 경험은 5개의 주제와 14개의 범주로 도출되었다. 5개의 주제는 ‘선임의 감정적이고 일관성 없는 신규교육에 혼란스러움’, ‘엄격한 위계질서에 설 곳이 없음’, ‘신체적 ․ 심리적으로 지쳐감’, ‘태움에서 벗어나기 위해 다양한 방법을 시도함’, ‘전문직 간호사로서 미래가 그려지지 않아 새로운 길을 찾아 떠남’이였다. 2. 조기 이직한 신규간호사의 태움 경험을 종합적으로 기술하면 다음과 같다. 연구 참여자들은 선임으로부터 받는 교육을 감정적이고 일관성 없는 교육으로 표현하였다. 참여자들은 미숙한 부분에 대한 가르침 과정에서 선임들로부터의 배움을 감정적 가르침으로 느꼈다. 바쁜 업무 환경에서 한번 알려준 내용을 한 번에 스펀지처럼 흡수하길 원했으며, 업무 미숙 시에는 신규간호사를 투명인간 취급을 하여 주눅들게 하였다. 또한 연구 참여자들은 선임마다 다른 교육 지침으로 일에 대한 기준을 세울 수 없어 혼란스러웠다고 하였다. 연구 참여자들은 위계적이고 경직된 분위기의 병동에서는 연차 간의 서열 관계가 분명하여 정당한 이유가 있어도 반대의견을 개진하기 어려웠으며, 존중받지 못하고 있다고 생각하였다. 특히, 경직된 상하 관계에 놓여있는 프리셉터 앞에서 업무 수행이 긴장되고 역량을 발휘하기 어려워하였다. 로테이션 신청, 시간 외 수당 신청, 근무 신청 등에서 신규간호사라는 이유로 배제되는 불합리함을 감수해야 했다. 연구 참여자들은 모든 것이 서툴고 버거운 상황에서 신체적, 심리적으로 지쳐갔다고 표현하였다. 버거운 업무로 인해 휴식의 간절함을 느꼈고, 근무 중 식사를 거르거나 화장실을 못 갈 정도로 일에 치여 생리적 욕구 해결에 어려움을 호소하였다. 또한 선임의 냉랭한 표정에 심리적 위협을 느끼고 주눅이 들며, 공개적인 장소에서 이루어지는 질책과 폭언에 인격적인 모욕감을 느꼈다. 연구 참여자들은 힘들고 낯선 환경에서 적응하기 위해 다양한 방법을 시도하였다. 업무에 대한 복습을 더 철저히 하며 업무 실수를 줄이기 위해 노력하였다. 병동 구성원과의 관계, 간호업무 외에 적극적으로 참여함으로써 선임과의 관계를 쌓고 태움에서 벗어나기 위해 노력하였다. 한편 연구 참여자들은 태움이 이루어지는 상황이 자신의 업무 미숙으로 생각하고 시간이 지나면 좋아질 것이라 믿으며 무조건 참고 버티려고 노력하였다. 심리적인 어려움을 개인 SNS와 동기들과의 소통으로 위로를 받아 어려움을 잊고자 노력하였다. 연구 참여자들은 수간호사에게 도움을 요청하였지만, 직접적으로 도움을 받지는 못했다. 연구 참여자들은 한 번 태움의 타깃이 되면 사직할 때까지 태움에서 벗어나기 힘들고, 연차가 올라가도 태움이 지속된다고 하였다. 태움의 피해자가 시간이 지나고 가해자가 되는 태움의 대물림 현상을 목격하였고, 의지하고 싶은 동기도 태움의 가해자가 되는 모습을 보고 고통스러운 인간관계 경험으로 표현하였다. 전문직으로서 간호 정체성이 흔들리는 갈등을 경험하였고, 나아지지 않는 간호사 처우에 대해 걱정하는 표현을 하였다. 연구 참여자들은 개선될 여지가 없이 반복되는 태움에 계속 일하기를 포기하였다. 참여자들은 건강한 환경에서 개인의 전문직으로서 발전과 함께 간호대상자에게 더 좋은 간호를 제공하고자 간호사로서 재취업에 대한 의지를 표현하였다. 이상의 연구 결과 간호 현장에서 조기 이직을 한 신규간호사의 태움 경험은 간호사 개인 뿐 아니라 간호업무와 간호전문직 정체성에 부정적인 요인으로 작용하였음을 이해하였다. 신규간호사에 대한 태움은 개인적 차원에서 해결하기 어려운 부분임을 인식하여 조직적 차원에서 해결하려는 실질적 노력과 체계적인 중재 전략의 필요성을 제시하고 간호환경 개선을 위한 프로그램 개발을 위한 자료로 본 연구결과가 활용이 가능하다는 데 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of bullying described by newly graduated nurses who left their nursing jobs. A qualitative research methodology was adopted. Eleven newly graduated nurses who left nursing were recruited using a convenient sampling method. Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews with open-ended questions from November 27, 2018 to April 17, 2019. The collected data were analyzed using a content analysis method. The findings are as follows. 1. The experience of bullying among newly graduated nurses who left their jobs within one year of becoming nurses was classified into five themes and 14 categories. The five themes are: ‘confused with the emotional and inconsistent training received from senior nurses’, ‘awkward position of newly graduated nurses due to strict hierarchical working environment’, ‘being physically and psychologically exhausted’, ‘finding every possible way to escape from the bullying’, and ‘not being able to see myself growing as a professional nurses at current workplace, leaving for a new career path. 2. The experience of newly graduated nurses of having been bulled and who left their jobs are as follows. Research participants expressed their opinions that the training they received by their senior nurses was emotionally driven and inconsistent. Senior nurses provided the newly graduated nurses with little information during their busy work hours while requesting them to immediately take on the new tasks taught. When there were mistakes made by newly graduated nurses, senior nurses were often said to have bullied newly graduated nurses by treating them as if the latter were insignificant or by yelling at them. Research participants, in particular responded that they could not express their own opinion due to the strictly hierarchical working relationship. In addition, newly graduated nurses felt disappointed for not receiving support from senior nurses. Opportunities to apply for rotational posts or duties, as well as overtime pay, were often not granted to newly graduated nurses and irrational practices were often endured by newly graduated nurses in the strict and controlled work environment. Newly graduated nurses expressed their views that the tasks given to them were menial and increased their work burden, making them physically and psychologically exhausted. Too much of a work load made them desire a break and often made them feel as if their physiological needs were not met, especially when they were unable to go to the restroom when they wanted to or when they had no choice but to skip meals due to time constraints. Moreover, they felt psychologically bullied due to the coldness of senior nurses. Humiliating insults made them sad, while being reprimanded via abusive language made them felt resentful and distressed. Newly graduated nurses felt pain when their performance was pointed out as not up to par as it made them emotionally upset. Newly graduated nurses often study hard to adapt to a challenging and unfamiliar environment, take notes on new tasks and work processes, and their areas of improvement. They try to reduce mistakes by taking notes. They were also active in harnessing a working relationship with the staff at the clinic and participated in extracurricular activities to escape from bullying. Also, the participants responded that they had been friendly and acted with charm to bond better with senior nurses and took on a positive attitude to help other members taking care of the ward. On the other hand, newly graduated nurses thought they could do better as time passed, as they believed that the current difficulties were due to not being familiar with the new tasks. Once they became more skilled at the tasks, they had higher expectations of themselves to perform better in their job, and perhaps even better than the senior nurses someday. They tried to forget about and endure their difficulties through seeking consolation by posting their thoughts on social media, receiving comments from others on their posts and chatting with their co-workers. Newly graduated nurses asked for help from chief nurses but often the chief nurses responded as if the situation was due to the lack of competency on the part of the newly graduated nurses, which leads to bullying. In other cases, the chief nurses would just comforted them with words by saying that things get better over time and did not offer any concrete help. Newly graduated nurses witnessed that even senior nurses suffered from workplace bullying and that they were unable to escape it. They observed that the bullying was passed down from them to newly graduated nurses, and the motive to be reliant upon someone would lead to another form of bullying, which they described as painful experience in a human relationship. Also, newly graduated nurses felt fear that they themselves would change negatively over time in the busy work environment, and also felt unhappiness working as a nurse. They experienced inner conflicts as to their identity as a nurse and worried about never improving. Newly graduated nurses left their jobs due to repetitive bullying as it seemed unlikely that the situation would improve and chose to quit the job for more psychological stability. Also, they expressed an intention to move after realizing the reality and decided to put their efforts towards doing better as they broadened their horizons. From these findings, it is evident that the bullying experience of newly graduated nurses had a negative impact on their adaptation to their tasks and to their professional growth. Preventing bullying which is targeted at newly graduated nurses is regarded as a challenging issue from the perspective of each individual. It is therefore suggested that practical measures be put in place by the organization, as well as intervention strategies to address this issue. The findings of this study is meaningful in that it provides data on possible ways to develop systematic mediating programs for an improved work environment for nurses.

중년여성의 강인성, 스트레스와 사회적 지지와의 관계

김미희 朝鮮大學校 大學院 1994 국내석사

This Study was designed to identify the relationship among hardiness, stress and social support of middle-aged women. The subjects were 139 women between 40 and 64 years of age. Data were collected by use of a questionnaire from September 6 to 27, 1994. The instruments used for this study were Health Related Hardiness Scale by Pollock, Perceived Stress Scale by Cohen and Social Support Questionnaire by Norbeck. The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. The results of the study were as follows : 1. The first hypothesis, "There would be relationship between hardiness and stress" was not supported. (r= .076, p= .19) 2. The second hypothesis, "There would be relationship between social support and stress" was not supported. (r= - .084, p- .16) 3. The third hypothesis, ''There would be relationship between hardiness and social support" was not supported. (r= - .107, p= .21) 4. There were significant differences between control of Hardiness and general characteristic factors, frequency of delivery(F=2.80, p= .04) and marital status. (F-3.89, p- .01 ) 5. There was a significant difference between perceived stress and general characteristic factors, marital satisfaction. (F=4.95, p= .00) 6. There were significant differences between social support and general characteristic factors, marital satisfaction(F=2.60, p- .04) and monthly income. (F-2.63, p= .03)

약물남용 청소년의 주관적경험에 관한 연구

김미희 서울대학교 대학원 1995 국내석사

정량 광유도 형광법(QLF)과 광활성제를 이용한 초기 치아우식증의 진단

김미희 조선대학교 대학원 2015 국내석사

This study applied sodium fluorescein as fluorescent dye for increasing imaging diagnostic ability by inreasing fluorescence difference of sound enamel and caries lesion with Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence. We selected tooth with no dental caries or crack among recently extreacted premolars and third molars. After cutting smooth surface of tooth in 6 ㎜ x 3 ㎜ x 3 ㎜ size, it was buried in acrylic mold. We covered nail varnish on half of specimen’s surface and setted the control group. Specimens were randomly divided in six decalcification group(6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96h). Each group had 15 specimens. Specimens were decalcified at each time and washed by saline, and then measured decalcified degree(ΔF) by using QLF-D. And we washed it after applying 0.075% sodium fluorescein and the measured ΔF and compared it with previous value. We measured the lesion depth after cutting central portion of specimen and polishing and then storing the scanning electron microscope image. Lesion surfaces observed by using QLF were more darker than normal enamel and observed lesions by QLF after applying fluorescein were more lighter than normal enamel. The more decalcification time inreased, the more fluorescent dye penetrated. The measured ΔF value after applying fluorescein is all increased compared with previous value(p<0.05). QLF value and lesion depth showed high correlation(p<0.01) and we acquired an linear equation by regression analysis. Therefore, because QLF measurement using fluorescein is more sensitive to diagnose decalcification of early stage, it will enable an early diagnosis of dental caries before cavity preparation stage and treatment and management of early caries lesion.

편집디자인에 있어서 레이아웃에 관한 연구

김미희 조선대학교 디자인대학원 2014 국내석사

In today's society, the magazine was in the midst of the commercial and technical environment is further than the image, strong typography to convey a message that has a vision and has the role of working. Acts as a simple image of the Visual sense of typography not depending on the development of computer technology and video media on the screen space has been able to express freely the movement beyond the dimensions of the image conveyed by the symbol character roles. Edit the layout in the magazine requires a detailed and comprehensive understanding of the design in terms of variety and change is also required. Accordingly, illustration, photo, color, etc. are elements of cohesion and pass it to the readers. Typography is also an important personality of the magazine appeared as prescribed. In recent years, the development of computers and software functionality and usability and is being fuelled by the growing diversification of typography in magazine design is also important and noteworthy rate. And the customer's interests and expressed in the form for the door, personality, and culture has been brought into attention these days, trends and lifestyles based on the typography of the representation is important. Typography is as text is represented as an image by itself has been one of the features in the magazine's typography the designers carefully writing the font attribute to reflect the contents of the well by identifying the appropriate font and font is proportional of space art, which have margins also in harmony with the other elements. Due to the characteristics of each of the magazines fit in typography and should take advantage of the uniqueness of a magazine called media also will be able to maintain. The magazine in those times, you can edit, see the cultural flows for design of flow also. If you look at the history and rules of our magazine about our own characteristic unique to have a culture for editing, and the imitation of foreign magazines in the country's unique magazine for the design would also need to look at creating a culture of commitment. Edit the layout in the design magazine, the nature of the design, the designers are trying to convey the power of the message depends on the magazine a number of elements in the configuration edit the magazine by, for example, analysis of design methodology and the importance of the role of typography and layout of this paper, studying harmony with questionnaire design through a company that specializes in design, in charge of the task force is aimed at designers, magazine editing in design layout, find a wide variety of issues regarding dressing. 현대사회에서의 잡지는 상업적이고 기술적인 환경 속에서 타이포그래피가 이미지보다 더욱더 강한 메시지를 전달하는 시각작용의 역할을 하고 있다. 시각적 의미의 타이포그래피는 단순한 이미지 역할에 머물지 않고 컴퓨터 기술과 영상매체의 발달에 따라 화면상에서의 공간 움직임을 자유롭게 표현할 수 있게 되었으며, 글자의 차원을 넘어 이미지 전달로써 기호의 역할을 하게 되었다. 잡지편집에 있어서의 레이아웃은 치밀하고 종합적인 이해와 디자인 면에서의 다양성그리고 변화 또한 요구받고 있다. 이에 따라 일러스트레이션, 사진, 컬러 등의 요소들이 응집되어 독자들에게 전달한다. 타이포그래피 또한 잡지의 성격을 규정하는데 중요한 요소로써 등장하게 되었다. 최근에는 기능성과 효용성 그리고 컴퓨터와 소프트웨어의 발전과 맞물려 점차 다양화되고 있으며 잡지디자인에서의 타이포그래피 주목율이 또한 중요시 되고 있다. 그리고 고객의 관심사와 문호, 개성 있는 표현양식을 대변하는 문화코드로 주목을 끌게 되었으며 요즘 트렌드와 라이프스타일에 따른 타이포그래피의 표현이 중요하다고 하겠다. 타이포그래피는 텍스트로서의 기능과 그 자체로 하나의 이미지로 표현되어져 왔으며 잡지에서의 타이포그래피는 디자이너들이 서체의 특성을 신중히 파악함으로써 글의 내용을 잘 반영할 수 있는 적절한 글꼴을 선택하여야 하고 서체가 가지고 있는 조형미, 여백의 공간비례 또한 다른 조형요소들과 조화를 생각해야 한다. 각각의 잡지들에 따른 특성에 맞는 타이포그래피를 선정하고 활용해야 잡지라는 매체에 대한 고유성 또한 유지할 수 있을 것이다. 잡지는 그 시대에 대한 문화흐름을 알 수 있고 편집디자인의 흐름 또한 파악할 수 있다. 우리나라의 잡지에 대한 역사를 보면 우리만의 개성 넘치는 독특한 편집에 대한 문화를 가져야 되겠고 해외잡지의 모방에서 벗어나 우리나라만의 독특한 잡지디자인에 대한 문화를 만들어 보는 노력 또한 필요하다고 하겠다. 잡지 편집 디자인에 있어서 레이아웃은 디자인의 성격, 디자이너의 능력과 전달하려고하는 메시지에 따라 다르며 잡지편집에 있어서 구성적 요소들이 많이 적용되어 있는 잡지들의 예를 들어 분석함으로서 디자인적 방법론과 타이포그래피의 역할과 그리고 레이아웃의 중요성과 더불어 조화를 중점으로 연구해 보았으며, 설문지를 통해 디자인전문 회사에서 편집디자인을 담당하고 있는 실무디자이너들을 대상으로 잡지편집디자인에서의 레아아웃에 관한 다양한 문제점을 찾아 해결방안을 모색하고자 하였다.