아토피 피부염에서 김치유래 유산균 Lactobacillus. sakei가 SCORAD점수와 혈중 케모카인 농도에 미치는 영향

김남식 충북대학교 2009 국내박사

PURPOSE: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease that can be complicated by recurrent skin infections. Probiotics have been suggested to be useful in children with atopic dermatitis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy in AD of a newly identified probiotic strain, Lactobacillus sakei KCTC 10755BP, which showed the most potent inhibitory activity against S. aureus growth among Lactobacillus species in our preliminary experiment. We administered L. sakei to an unselected group of children above 1 year of age with moderate and severe AD and evaluated the clinical outcome at the end of intervention. In addition, we also measured levels of serum chemokines as activity markers for AD to provide a more objective evidence for the beneficial role of this probiotic. MATERIALS and METHODS: In a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial, L. sakei KCTC 10755BP was given for 12 weeks to children aged above 1 year presenting AD with a minimum scoring atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) index of 15. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients achieving at least 20% and 40% reductions in the total SCORAD index. Secondary outcomes were changes in the total SCORAD index and serum chemokine levels from baseline. RESULTS: At the end of treatment, 63.0% and 44.4% in the probiotic group versus 20.8% and 16.7% in the placebo group achieved at least 20% (P = .004) and 40% (P = .040) improvement. A trend toward a greater reduction from baseline in the total SCORAD index was observed in the probiotic group compared with placebo group (P = .092). Probiotic supplementation was associated with the significant reduction in the levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and cutaneous T cell–attracting chemokine (CTACK). CONCLUSION: Supplementation of L. sakei in children with established AD was associated with an increased proportion of patients achieving substantial clinical improvement and a significant decrease in chemokines reflecting the severity of disease. 목 적: 아토피 피부염(AD)은 만성 염증성 질환으로 피부의 감염에 의해 더욱 치료가 어려워 질 수 있다. 유산균은 아토피 피부염을 가진 아이들에게 유용하다고 제시되어 왔다. 본 연구의 목적은 김치에서 유래한 유산균 중 S. aureus의 생육을 가장 잘 억제하는 Lactobacillus sakei KCTC 10755BP를 AD 피험자에게 투여하고 임상적인 효능을 평가하기 위함이다. 6개월 이상 16세 이하로 AD 증상을 가지고 있는 피험자를 대상으로 12주간 복용 한 이후 임상증상을 측정하였고 과학적이고 객관적인 지표로 AD과 관련이 있는 것으로 알려진 혈액 내 chemokines과 cytokines을 측정하였다. 재료 및 방법: 이중맹검, 무작위배정, 위약대조 임상시험으로, 6개월 이상 16세 이하이면서 SCORAD점수 15 이상인 AD 피험자 66명을 선발 하였고 무작위배정으로 유산균 투여군과 대조식품투여군으로 배정하여 12주간 복용 한 이후 SCORAD 및 임상증상을 측정하였고 과학적이고 객관적인 지표로 AD과 관련이 있는 것으로 알려진 혈액 내 chemokines과 cytokines을 측정하였다. SCORAD점수가 20% 또는 40% 이상 감소하는 경우를 유효한 것으로 보았다. 결 과: 12주의 복용 후에 유산균군에서 SCORAD점수가 20% 이상 감소하여 증상이 개선된 경우는 63.0%, 40% 이상 좋아진 경우는 44.4% 였고, 대조식품군에서는 각각 20.8% 와 16.7% 이었다. 대조군보다 유산균군에서 복용전보다 복용후에 SCORAD점수가 점차적으로 감소하여 AD의 증상이 개선됨을 보여 주었다. 또한 유산균군에서는 혈중의 thymus and activation-regulated chemokine(TARC)과 cutaneous T cell–attracting chemokine(CTACK) 모두 임상적으로 유의하게 감소하였다. 결 론: AD 피험자에게 김치유래 유산균인 L. sakei를 12주간 투여하면 대조식품 투여군에 비해 유산균 투여군에서 AD와 관련이 있는 chemokine들의 변화가 나타나면서 AD 증상이 개선되는 것으로 나타났다.

엔트로피 함수 formlaism과 3차원 블랙홀

김남식 연세대학교 대학원 2009 국내석사

The equation of motion with Sen's entropy function gives the equation of the action of the system, so we can know the structure of the action through the simple calculations and classify such systems appropriately.In this thesis, we find that BTZ with CS gracity terms and TMG Black-hole have the same action, Einstein-Hilbert action with CS gravity terms. Besides, so do the TMGE action system.Futhemore, we solve each Killing equation, so know the isometry group of the each metric solution and find the entropy with Sen's entropy function formalism. Sen의 엔트로피 함수에 대한 운동방정식은 액션의 운동방정식에 해당하기 때문에 간단한 계산으로 액션의 운동방정식의 구조를 알 수 있고 더 나아가 그러한 액션을 가지는 시스템을 분류해준다.3차원에서 알려진 블랙홀 중 Chern-Simon gravity 항을 가지는 BTZ 블랙홀의 near horizon 블랙홀과 TMG 블랙홀의 near horizon geometry는 아인슈타인 액션 + Chern-Simon gravity 액션을 가지는 블랙홀임을 entropy 함수 formalism을 통한 분류로 확인하고 TMGE 액션 역시 같은 방법으로 분류됨을 확인해본다.블랙홀에 대한 연구과정의 일환으로, 위의 각 블랙홀에 대해 킬링 방정식을 풀어 각 매트릭해의 isometry group 를 파악하고 Sen 의 엔트로피 함수 formalism을 적용하여 엔트로피를 구한다.

옥수수의 가공처리가 젖소의 영양소 이용성에 미치는 영향

김남식 서울대학교 대학원 1996 국내석사

兒童養育施設 自立支援프로그램이 退所者의 自立支援에 미치는 影響에 관한 硏究 : 退所者 生活實態調査를 바탕으로

김남식 仁濟大學校 社會福祉大學院 2004 국내석사

아동은 양육자의 따뜻한 사랑과 보호를 받으면서 자랄 때 건전한 인격을 형성할 뿐만 아니라 유능한 사회인으로 성장할 수 있다. 그러나 산업화의 여러 가지 사회적 사고에 의해 일시적 또는 장기적으로 가족이 붕괴되어 사회적 보호를 필요로 하는 아동의 숫자가 증가하는 추세다. 이렇게 시설에 보호된 아동은 만 18세가 되면 시설에서 퇴소하도록 되어있으며, 아동이 갑자기 보호의 그늘에서 벗어나 독립적인 삶을 살아야 하는 처지에 놓이게 된다. 그러나 현재까지 시설을 퇴소한 많은 아동들이 지역사회에서 생활하고 있으나 그들에 대한 연구와 평가는 사실상 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 현재 지역생활을 하고 있는 아동양육시설 퇴소자를 대상으로 시설생활 중 제공받았던 각종 프로그램이 퇴소 후 사회생활 적응력에 미치는 영향을 밝히고자 하였다. 이에 따라 연구자가 부산, 경남 지역에 생활하는 시설아동을 대상으로 개최된 행사장을 방문하여, 퇴소아동의 표집이 용이한 아동양육시설 3곳의 퇴소아동 210명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 자립정착금의 부족으로 시설 퇴소 시 경제적 자립과 주거의 자립에 어려움이 많아 정부의 재정지원이 요구된다. 이를 위해 자립정착금의 전세금 전환과 공공임대주택의 우선 입주권을 주는 방안이 모색되어야 한다. 둘째, 시설에서 신체적, 정서적 학대 경험이 퇴소 후 자립생활에 미치는 영향이 높은 것으로 나타나 이에 대한 체계적 지도와 개선이 필요하다. 셋째, 현행 자립자와 프로그램 가운데 직업재활을 제외하고는 만족도나 실효성이 낮아 곧바로 자립에 적응할 수 있는 다양한 자립지원프로그램의 개발이 시급하다. 넷째, 교육정도와 자립은 불가분의 관계에 있으므로 대학교까지 교육급여를 확대하여 일반아동과 같은 양질의 교육을 받을 수 있는 기회를 제공하는 것이다. 다섯째, 보호와 양육 중심의 아동복지시설의 기능을 보호와 양육 그리고 자립지도로 그 지도 내용을 전환하고 생활하던 시설에서 계속적인 사후지도가 이루어져야 한다. Children could build up their character and become eligible members of society when they are well loved and cared by their protectors. But various incidents that have taken place in industrial society results in ruining families on a short-term or long-term basis, and the number of children in need of institutional care is on the rise. Those who are cared by child-rearing institutions have to leave the institutions when they are 18 years old in Western age, and they have to stand on their own feet. Currently, there are lots of children who were discharged from such institutions, but few studies have ever paid attention to them. The purpose of this study was to examine how the social adjustment of discharged children was affected by all sorts of programs to which they had gained access while staying in child-rearing institutions. The subjects in this study were 210 children who were discharged from three child-rearing institutions. Those institutions were selected because it's easier to contact the children who were discharged from them, after visiting an event hall where some information was provided to institutionalized children in Busan and south Gyeonsang province. After a survey was conducted, the following findings were obtained: First, they found it difficult to stand by and get a place to live due to a shortage of financial aid. The government should give more financial aid, by providing them with key money and allowing them to gain an advantage in taking possession of a public leased house. Second, being abused physically or mentally during the period of institutional care had a huge impact on their independence, and it's needed to take steps to remedy the situation. Third, they didn't consider the current programs provided by the institutions to be neither satisfactory nor efficient. A wide variety of self-supporting programs that could guarantee their immediate independence should be prepared. Fourth, their education had unseparable relationship to their independence. They should be assisted to receive the same good college education as children from intact families. Fifth, the existing child welfare facilities focused on care and rearing only at present, but they should also try to help children stand on their own feet, and follow-up guidance should be offered to them even after they are discharged.

유한요소 분석을 이용한 다공성 치과용 임플란트의 설계

김남식 부산가톨릭대학교 생명과학대학원 2010 국내석사

본 연구는 쾌속조형기를 이용하여 임플란트 fixture를 개발하고자 시도하였으며 임플란트 fixture 외부 표면에 육각형의 공동부를 형성하여 금속재료의 탄성계수를 낮추어 골조직과의 응력 전달에 무리가 없게 하고 표면적을 넓혀 골융합을 향상시키는 효과를 얻고자 육각형 벌집모양을 임플란트 fixture에 부여하는 설계를 시도하였다. 다공성 임플란트 디자인을 위하여 기초적으로 다공질 육면체의 역학적 분석을 통한 최적의 다공질을 선택하고, 최적의 다공질을 이용하여 다공성 임플란트를 설계한 후 역학적인 분석을 통하여 임플란트의 응력분산과 변위를 관찰하였다. 다공성 임플란트의 기초적인 다공질 선택을 위하여 변의 길이가 10 ㎜인 정육면체에 직경 0.8 ㎜, 1.0 ㎜, 1.2 ㎜ 각각 한 변의 길이 0.4 ㎜, 0.5 ㎜, 0.6㎜ 의 육각형을 0.5 ㎜의 간격으로 천공하여 시험용 다공질 육면체를 컴퓨터 AUTO CAD (Autodesk, 2008)를 통해 디자인하였다. 시험용 다공질 육면체를 모델링하여 3차원 유한요소로 역학적 분석을 실시하였다. 역학적 분석은 준비된 다공성 임플란트를 시험군으로 하고 동일한 형태에 육각형의 다공질이 없는 비다공성 임플란트를 대조군으로 선정하였다. 육각형의 천공 직경에 따른 3종의 시험용 다공질 육면체에 타이타늄의 물성치를 적용하였고, 3차원 유한요소 역학 분석에서 응력분산을 위하여 외부하중은 육면체의 상부면에서 하부로 수직 하중을 분포하중으로 150 N을 주었다. 그 결과 H0.8시편에서 최소응력 0.045068 ㎫, 최대응력 9.4565 ㎫ 그리고 최소변위 0.00389×10-4, 최대변위 0.816×10-4를 H1.0시편에서는 최소응력 0.001147 ㎫, 최대응력 9.099 ㎫ 그리고 최소변위 0.000099×10-4, 최대변위 0.784×10-4를 H1.2시편에서는 최소응력 0.099393 ㎫, 최대응력 13.137 ㎫ 그리고 최소변위 0.0112×10-4, 최대변위 1.13×10-4를 관찰할 수 있었다 다공성 육면체의 역학분석 결과 H1.0이 응력감쇄 효과가 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났고, 이를 기초로 하여 다공성 임플란트를 설계하였다. 역학적 분석은 준비된 다공성 임플란트를 시험군으로 하고 동일한 형태에 육각형의 다공질이 없는 비다공성 임플란트를 대조군으로 선정하였다. 다공성 임플란트와 비다공성 임플란트는 둘 다 지름 6 ㎜, 길이 12 ㎜로 타이타늄의 물성치를 적용하였으며, 3차원 유한요소 역학분석에서 응력분석은 임플란트 상부면의 절점들에 분산한 수직분포하중을 설정하였으며 하중은 200 N과 500 N의 하중을 주었다. 그 결과 C200에서는 최소응력 395.4 ㎫, 최대응력 4692.0 ㎫이 나타났고, C500은 최소응력 988.8 ㎫, 최대응력 11,730.0 ㎫을 관찰할 수 있었다. 반면 PI200 임플란트 시편에서 최소응력 1.2 ㎫, 최대응력 2.352 ㎫ PI500 임플란트 시편에서는 최소응력 4.602 ㎫, 최대응력 11.56 ㎫의 응력을 관찰할 수 있었다. This study was tried to develop implant fixture with rapid prototype machine in order to produce satisfactory result which can be capable of transmitting stress with osseous tissue and improves ability of bone ingrowth by expanding surface, tried to design project that implant fixture was overlapped with honeycomb-like shape things through forming hexagonal cave in the exterior and lowering elastic modulus of metals. To design porous implant, basically choose the optimum porous hexahedron through mechanical analysis , and after designing porous implant through the optimum porous hexahedron, observe stress distribution and strain of implant by mechanical analysis. To choose proper design, test porous hexahedron with a side 10mm which was drilled as a regular hexagon with diameter 0.8 ㎜, 1.0 ㎜, 1.2 ㎜and a side 0.4 ㎜, 0.5 ㎜, 0.6 ㎜ each using Computer AUTO CAD(Autodesk, 2008). As an modelling of test porous hexahedron, do a mechanical analysis with 3 dimensional finite elements analysis. The analysis was carried out that prepared porous implants was used to experimental group, non-porous implant control group. The specimens was applied properties of titanium in 3 sort of test porous hexahedron depending on hexahedron-shape boring diameter. With a view to decentralize external force in mechanical analysis of 3 dimensional finite elements analysis exterior weight was decentralized from upper part of hexahedron to lower part of hexahedron, form perpendicular load to distribution with 150N As a consequence of mechanical analysis of porous hexahedron, the reason why design porous implant with H1.0 is that H1.0 is the best result in stress shield effect. Porous implant applied mechanical properties of titanium with diameter 6 ㎜, length 12 ㎜, distribution of stress set up the vertical distribution load that dispersed to nodal points of implant upper part plane in element mechanics analyses limited three dimensions, and gave loads of 200 N and 500 N each specimens. Consequently specimens that in C200 minimum stress 395.4 ㎫, maximum stress 4692.0 ㎫, in C500 specimen minimum stress 988.8 ㎫, maximum stress 11,730.0 ㎫, on the other hands PI200 minimum stress 1.2 ㎫, maximum stress 2.352 and in PI500 minimum stress 4.602 ㎫, maximum stress 11.56 ㎫ were found.

친환경 성능관리 요소기술의 BIM 적용에 관한 연구

김남식 한양대학교 공학대학원 2011 국내석사

地方選擧制度의 合理的 改善方案

김남식 湖南大學校 2000 국내석사

본 硏究는 지난 98년6월4일에 實施한 地方選擧運動의 實態와 問題點들을 中心으로 우리 나라 地方選擧運動을 분석함과 동시에 외국의 地方選擧運動을 比較·分析함으로써 우리 나라의 選擧環境과 行動樣式에 바람직하고 올바른 制度的 改善方案을 모색하는 것에 目的을 두었다. 그리고 현행 「公職選擧 및 不正防止法」 이 規程하고 있는 地方選擧 制度에 있어서 選擧運動 (法 第 7 章 (第58條∼118條)) 에 관한 내용을 그 硏究範圍로 하였다. 그 내용은 먼저 選擧運動機構 및 選擧事務關係者, 두 번째로 選擧運動方法 (弘報物, 大衆媒體, 集會), 세 번째로 選擧運動의 制限·禁止, 네 번째로 政黨의 選擧運動 등 이와 관련하여 問題되고 있는 選擧公營制와 選擧犯罪, 選擧監視團體와 選擧管理 機構에 대하여 硏究하였다. 본 硏究는 위에서 제시한 內容을 통하여 地方選擧運動의 問題點과 改善方案을 提示 하였다. 그 내용을 要約하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 選擧運動機構와 選擧事務關係者이다. 選擧運動機構에는 設置·維持費 및 規模에 대하여 엄격한 規程을 정하고 이에 所要되는 費用도 選擧費用으로 포함하여야 한다. 또한 選擧事務關係者에 관련해서는 현실에 맞는 인원 조정이 있어야 하고 自願奉仕者에 대하여는 實費支給이 적합하게 이루어져야 한다. 둘째, 弘報物에 의한 選擧運動이다. 宣傳壁報와 選擧公報는 자유로운 內容揭載와 公營制의 擴大 및 無投票當選者의 公報配付가 施行되어야 하며, 名銜型 小型印刷物의 사용을 가능케 해야 한다. 셋째, 大衆媒體에 의한 選擧運動이다. 新聞廣告는 廣告費用의 公營化가 强化되어야 한다. 議會議員 및 基礎自治團體長 候補의 地域新聞 選擧運動은 制限할 이유가 없으므로 허용되어야 한다. 放送演說은 費用의 公營化와 時間帶 확보가 어려움으로 적절한 時間帶를 확보할 수 있도록 조정해야 한다. 經歷放送은 現實性있게 時間增加 및 자유로운 政見·政策表現이 이루어지도록 해야 한다. 言論機關의 招請 對談·討論會는 衡平性 確保를 할 수 있는 法的機構設置와 候補者에게 公正한 기회제공이 있어야 한다. 컴퓨터 통신과 電話를 이용한 選擧運動은 黑色宣傳 處罰强化와 發信地 추적을 통하여 無責任한 誹謗과 人身攻擊 및 私生活 侵害를 못하도록 規制 해야 한다. 넷째, 集會에 의한 選擧運動이다. 合同演說會는 開催回數 縮小와 合同 政策 討論會의 竝行 등의 合同演說會가 필요하며, 公開場所의 演說·對談은 演說者의 數를 제한하지 않는 반면 시간을 제한함으로서 秩序維持 등을 해야 한다. 다섯째, 地方選擧運動의 規制 性向이다. 選擧運動期間에서는 選擧運動이 登錄日부터 시작되므로 記號附與는 登錄日로부터 부여함이 妥當하며 또한 事前選擧運動 禁止期間을 選擧日前 180일로 하여야 한다. 擴聲裝置와 自動車 사용은 擴聲機의 소리의 출력수를 제한해 私生活을 보호해야 하고, 團體의 選擧運動은 學緣과 地緣을 이용한 事前選擧運動이 이루어지지 못하도록 엄격한 規制가 필요하다. 戶別訪問을 金品授受·私生活侵害등의 문제로 現行대로 禁止하는 것이 타당하며 陰性的으로 이루어지고 있는 것에 대해서는 엄격히 統制해야 한다. 輿論調査公表禁止에서는 輿論調査公表의 허용이 적어도 選擧일 2∼3일 전에는 가능토록 해야 한다. 이를 위해 輿論調査委員會를 設置하여 심의를 할 수 있도록 하면 國民들에게 더욱 信賴感을 줄 수 있을 것이라 생각된다. 여섯째, 政黨의 選擧運動이다, 地方選擧에 政黨의 관여가 금지되는 것이 마땅하나 허용한다면 적어도 公薦非理剔抉 과 政黨集會 및 黨報發刊을 엄격히 제한하여 無所屬候補者와의 機會均等이 보장되도록 해야 한다. 일곱째, 選擧公營制와 選擧犯罪이다. 選擧公營制는 選擧公營制의 확대로 財力家들에 의한 選擧가 아니라 能力있고 住民을 代辯할 수 있는 인재들이 많이 배출될 수 있도록 해야 하며, 選擧犯罪에 있어서는 處罰條項을 엄격히規定 하며, 當選되더라도 자격을 剝奪 및 被選擧權의 停止 등을 할 수 있도록 규정을 强化해야 하며 刑事處罰도 엄격하게 施行되어야 한다. 여덟째, 選擧監視團體는 不法選擧를 監視하는 自生機構로서 큰 역할을 하고있는 만큼 政治的인 색을 띠거나 公正性을 잃어서는 안되며 中立性을 지켜야 하며 政府도 이러한 民間의 公明選擧監視團體의 活動을 적극 지원해야 한다. 選擧管理機構는 選擧를 주관하고 공정한 選擧運動이 이루어질 수 있도록 관리하는 機構이다. 지난 6·4 選擧에서는 選擧法의 늦은 개정과 인원의 부족으로 인하여 그 기능에 문제가 있었다. 選擧管理機構에 人的·物的 支援이 漸進的으로 확대되야 하며 選擧管理機構에서 告發한 違法事例에 대해서 철저 하게 처리하고 選擧管理機構에 통보할 수 있도록 하여 司法機關과의 유기적인 관계가 이루어지도록 해야하며, 選擧運動 監視때에 그 역할을 잘 수행할 수 있도록 權限을 强化하여야 한다. 이상과 같이 본 硏究에서 다룬 사항에 대하여 살펴보았다. 適切한 自由와 規制의 배분과 혼합을 통한 民主的이고 公定한 地方選擧를 定着시키는 것은 매우 어려운 일이다. 先進國도 지금처럼 安定되고 公平한 選擧運動을 할 수 있는 기반을 닦는데는 많은 시행착오가 있었기에 가능했다. 따라서 自由와 規制의 調和를 통한 民主性과 公正性을 확보할수 있도록 政府와 選擧管理機構 및 候補者와 有權者의 꾸준한 노력이 필요할 것이며, 이를 통해 올바른 地方選擧運動이 定着될 수 있기를 희망한다. The purpose of this artical is to explore the institutional reform plan to be desirable and properly applied to our environment and behavioral type by analyzing and comparing other countries's local election campaign while analyzing local election campaign focused on the actual conditions and problems of Jun 4 local election campaign. This artical is made within extent of the current law on public office election and prevention of election illegality. The contents are firstly election campaign organizations and election office workers, secondly ways of election campaigns, thirdly restriction and prohibition to election campaigns, the election campaigns by political parties, and so on. Then, studies on public election system, election crimes, election supervising voluntary organizations, and election management organizations are also proceeded in this artical. Consequently, this study suggests problems and alternations. The summary of the contents is as follows. First, election campaign organizations and election office workers. As for the election campaign organizations, strict regulations on establishment, upkeep and scale should be prescribed, and they be calculated in the election expenses. As for the election office workers and volunteers, realistically proper actual expenses should be paid. Second, the election campaign by PR publications. Printing of free contents in PR posters and official reports, the public election management system and distribution of official reports to non-voting successful candidates should be executed, at least candidates and election office workers should be allowed to use name card type small publications as they are improper to uniformally control. Third, the election campaign by mass media. As for the paper PRs, the public management of PR cost should be strengthened, the election campaign by the local paper of candidates for council members and basic local government chiefs be allowed, broadcast speeches be stated to secure the public management of cost and appropriate time zone, and as for career broadcast, its time be increased when free political opinions and policy expressions be published. And as for the press' invention talk and discussion forums, legal institutions to assure its the principle of equity should be established and fair chance be given to the candidates, and as for the election campaign using computer communication and telephone, the invasion of a privacy should be prevented by strengthening its punishment to a malicious propaganda and tracing the place of dispatch. Fourth, the election campaign by an assembly. A joint election speech rally needs reduction of holding times and simultaneous holding of joint policy forum, and as for the speech and talk in public, its order should be kept by limiting its time. Fifth, the regulation of election campaign. During the election campaign period, the campaign starts from the registration date, so it is valid to grand the numbers from the registration date. Also, prohibition period of pre-election campaign should be 180 days before election date. In using a speaker, its output should be restricted to protect privacy, and in the election campaign by group, strict regulations should be established not to canvass before the election date through school or provincial ties. An unlawful house-to-house call should be strictly controlled. In the prohibition of publishing a public opinion poll, it should be allowed at least 2 or 3 days before the election date, for this, the public opinion survey committee be established and deliberate the related matters. Sixth, the election campaign by a political party. It is right to prohibit the involvement of a political party in the local election, but of it is permitted, the equal opportunity between independent candidates should be given by exposing absurdities of public recommendation and strictly controlling political convention and publication if official notices of the party. Seventh, the public election management and election crimes. Under the public election management system, many competent persons to represent inhabitants should be produced, and in the election crimes, thought they are elected, disqualification, suspension of eligibility for election and strict criminal punishment be executed. Eighth, the election supervisory organizations play spontaneous roles of supervising illegal campaigns, so they should be in the middle not having any political preference. And the government should also positively support this civil activities. Election supervisory organizations are the organizations which supervise election, and manage election campaigns, but there were problems in the last June 4 local election due to lack of personnel and late amendment of the law. Thus, to solve the problems, election supervisory organizations should be supported in personnel and materials, and a relation between the judicature and election supervisory organizations should be kept closely having the judicature treat illegal cases which election supervisory organizations sued, and report the result to the organizations. Accordingly, election supervisory organizations' authority should be strengthened to play their roles more effectively when they supervise election campaigns. The above mentioned are the summary of the contents examined by the study above. It is very difficult work to settle democratic and fair local election campaigns through giving appropriate freedom and restriction. Advanced countries suffered from many trials and errors in laying foundation of the present stable and fair election campaign. Thus, persistent efforts of the government, elections management organization and candidates are needed to settle righteous local election campaign by securing democratic character and fairness through the harmony of freedom and regulation.

제주도내 분포하는 흙의 노상재료 적합성에 관한 연구

김남식 濟州大學校 産業大學院 2007 국내석사

The soils distributed in Jeju area are volcanic ash soils generated from the basalts. volcanic ash soils are consisted of volcanic ash, volcanic sand, lapilli and scoria, and they are varied with clay and gravel. The purpose of this study is to indicate the area which can be utilized as subgrade soil materials After comparing the soil test results of 167 soils sampled from 39 areas with the road design criteria of subgrade soil materials. For the classification results of USCS, 114 samples in 24 areas, 68% of total samples could be utilized as the subgrade soil. And for the classification results of AASHTO, 68 samples in 29 areas, 40.7% of tatal samples could be utilized as the subgrade soil. Also for the analysis results of consistency of soil and sieve analysis, 45 samples in 23 areas, 26.9% of total samples could be utilized as the subgrade soil and when considering the number of area rate, 59% of total area could be utilized as the subgrade soil. When the test results of soils sampled from Jeju area compare with the road design criteria of subgrade soil materials, although soils sampled from Jeju area aren't suitable as the upper subgrade soil materials, for lower subgrade soil materials about 30% utilization are indicated. This results present that for the classification of the soils distributed in Jeju area as the subgrade soil material AASHTO is more suitable than USCS.

高校生의 系列 決定에 관한 硏究

김남식 檀國大學校 1992 국내석사

The purpose of this study lies in enhancing the result of the education for students' course by analyzing high school students' tendencies in determining their courses. To obtain such purposes, I read avidly various theories related to the education for course and analyzed the significant gaps of consideration between students' choosing school and determining courses and finally, thought over the response gap of variation according to the areas, gender, and respollding group of each series in selection their courses The major results known by this study are as follows, 1. Individual aspect: The consideration degree of students' individualaspect in deciding series(78%) is higher than that in entering high school(58%) by + 16%. 2. Family environment aspect: The consideration degree of students' family environment aspect in determining courses (64%) is higher than that in entering high school(55%). 3. Educational environment aspect: The consideration degree of students' educational environment aspect in determining series(71%) is higher than that in entering high school(61%) by + 10%. 4. social, environment aspect : The consideration degree of students' social environment aspect in determining sequence(76%) is higher than that in entering high school(60%) by + 16%. We need teach course education in that it enables students to manage happy life in the future and be an efficient persons. The purpose of course education in high school is beliyed to be in determining and preparing the course which are the fittest to students themselves and forming sound and correct the view of course by considering their own aptitude, ability and interest and by establishing concrete plan and by collecting and analyzing information to their entering colleges and getting jobs. For the purpose of achieving these aims, students seem to need to have systematic course education which enables them to decide reasonable decision for thier courses. Teachers should provide students with various informations they collect to enable students themselves to decide ther courses and should research various teaching-learning methods suitable to determining element. It is a pity that this study should not show the satisfactory result as for determining courses in high school. However I expect this study to contribute to the following studies in policies related to determining courses and actual educationl fields.

건설경기지표와 경영성과지표의 상관성을 통한 전문건설업체의 대응전략

김남식 제주대학교 대학원 2013 국내박사

This study is to suggest specialty contractors with countermeasures to construction orders falling off, one of the construction business indicators for the construction industry, by analyzing the impact of dwindling construction orders to business performance indicators of specialty contractors as well as identifying inter-relationships between those performance indicators. To do this, a database was compiled for construction orders and business performance indicators of specialty contractors with KRW 7 bil. or more of assets of 1997 through 2010 and the causal relationship verification and actual proof-oriented analysis were performed for each type of specialty contractor categorized in this study as below: First of all, for specialty contractors of architectural construction, it is analyzed that their turnover ratio of total liabilities and net worth is affecting obtention of construction orders, ultimately increasing the operating profits. Therefore, this type of specialty contractors are determined to be able to secure corporate stability by establishing a specific operation plan for the total assets. For specialty contractors of civil construction, it is analyzed that their current ratio is significantly affecting obtention of construction orders, which in turn greatly affecting the ratio of owner's equity. It seems that the amount of construction orders has a direct relationship with the corporate stability. Therefore, this type of specialty contractors are determined to be able to obtain more orders for construction by improving current ratio. For specialty contractors that mainly provides labor oriented engineering service, the amount of construction orders imposes lasting impact to the turnover ratio of current assets supposedly because they are operating current assets to secure labor. In other words, this type of specialty contractors are focused on mobilization of labor not materials or equipment. So, it is determined that they will be able to increase revenue by operating current assets to address current liabilities and labor mobilization. For specialty contractors that provide labor, materials and smaller sized equipment, the amount of construction orders affects profitability the most and therefore some sort of strategy needs to be established to respond to decrease in operating margin due to dwindling construction orders. In other words, it is determined that increase in the amount of construction orders enhances operation of gross assets as well as the operating margin, ultimately increasing the profitability. For specialty contractors that provide and utilize heavy equipment, the amount of construction orders is imposing a lasting impact to the turnover ratio of current assets. Therefore, it is determined that a business strategy needs to be established in order to secure current assets to respond to decrease in construction orders. For organized management oriented specialty contractors, the amount of construction orders is directly affecting the corporate stability and therefore decreasing orders can negatively affect the owner's equity ratio. However, considering that the turnover ratio of total liabilities and net worth is affecting the owner's equity, an asset management plan needs to be established in a way to increase sales to the owner's equity secured with increase in construction orders. For a single leader oriented specialty contractors, the owner's equity ratio is also significantly affected by change in the amount of construction orders and some countermeasure is required. But, as liability ratio is affecting the amount of construction orders, some sort of countermeasures to decrease liability ratio is required.